By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 20, 2024
What to know about Paeonia lactiflora before using it medicinally
Paeonia lactiflora, commonly known as peony, is a medicinal herb used to treat various health conditions, including fever, rheumatism, and anxiety disorders.
Main health benefits of Paeonia lactiflora include its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and sedative properties. This herb is rich in therapeutic properties such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and glycosides, which contribute to its medicinal effects. Bioactive compounds present in Paeonia lactiflora include paeoniflorin, paeonol, and benzoylbenzene, which have been studied for their potential health benefits.
People often use Paeonia lactiflora to prepare a root-based tea or tincture, which is traditionally used to alleviate menstrual cramps and promote relaxation.
Featured Study:
According to a study published by "Current drug discovery technologies", Paeonia lactiflora has been found to possess various pharmacological applications, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and antioxidant effects. These effects are attributed to the activation of key signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which play a crucial role in its pharmacological activity. As a result, Paeonia lactiflora has shown potential in treating various medical conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Paeonia lactiflora, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Paeonia lactiflora provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Anxiety, Inflammation, Fever, Rheumatism, Menstrual cramps, Arthritis, Eczema, Depression, Menorrhagia, Hysteria |
| Benefits | Reduces inflammation, Lowers blood pressure, Prevents cancer growth, Relieves anxiety symptoms, Improves sleep quality, Fights fungal infections, Treats arthritis pain, Reduces oxidative stress, Enhances immune function, Decreases estrogen levels |
| Properties | Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Analgesic, Pain relief, Sedative, Diuretic, Antispasmodic, Anticancer |
| Constituents | Saponins, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Paeoniflorin, Coumarins, Triterpenoids, Paeonol, Sterols |
| Parts | Roots, Flowers, Rhizomes |
| Preparations | Tincture, Salve, Decoction, Tea, Capsule, Poultice |
| Side Effects | Nauseate, Vomit, Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Hemorrhage, Fatigue, Dizziness, Headache, Allergic reaction, Liver damage |
| Precaution | Use under medical supervision, Consult doctor before pregnancy, Avoid excessive consumption, Be cautious with liver or kidney issues, Monitor blood sugar levels, Watch for allergic reactions, Interact with other medications, Use in short treatment duration, Avoid with bleeding disorders, Keep out of reach of children |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Paeonia lactiflora. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Paeonia lactiflora?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Paeonia lactiflora?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Paeonia lactiflora?
- What are the major healing constituents of Paeonia lactiflora?
- What are the most used parts of Paeonia lactiflora in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Paeonia lactiflora?
- What are the possible side effects of Paeonia lactiflora if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Paeonia lactiflora medicinally?
- Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Paeonia lactiflora?
- Related herbs to Paeonia lactiflora?
What are the main medicinal uses of Paeonia lactiflora?
The main medicinal uses of Paeonia lactiflora are fever reduction, due to the presence of isoquinoline alkaloids, which have antipyretic properties; menstrual cramps relief, attributed to the flavonoids and phenolic acids that exhibit anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects; and rheumatism treatment, facilitated by the glycosides that possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
Paeonia lactiflora is also employed to alleviate anxiety, as the flavonoids and phenolic acids in the plant have anxiolytic properties. Additionally, this plant is used to treat menstrual disorders and hysteria, the latter likely due to the sedative effects of the isoquinoline alkaloids and flavonoids. Furthermore, Paeonia lactiflora has been used to treat epilepsy, depression, dysmenorrhea, and migraine, the latter two conditions possibly alleviated by the flavonoids and phenolic acids that exhibit anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects.
The plant's various constituents, including glycosides, isoquinoline alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, work synergistically to provide relief from these conditions.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Paeonia lactiflora.
The list below provide more details on why Paeonia lactiflora is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Anxiety: It is used to treat anxiety due to its sedative and anxiolytic properties, derived from its isoflavone and phenolic compounds that have a calming effect on the nervous system.
- Inflammation: It is used to treat inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to its flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other bioactive compounds that inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes.
- Fever: It is used to treat fever due to its antipyretic properties, derived from its isoflavones and other bioactive compounds that help to lower body temperature and reduce the severity of fever.
- Rheumatism: It is used to treat rheumatism due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which help to reduce pain and inflammation in the joints and muscles.
- Menstrual Cramps: It is used to treat menstrual cramps due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce pain and inflammation associated with menstruation.
- Arthritis: It is used to treat arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which help to reduce pain and inflammation in the joints and muscles.
- Eczema: It is used to treat eczema due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which help to reduce inflammation and prevent infection in the affected skin.
- Depression: It is used to treat depression due to its anxiolytic and antidepressant properties, derived from its isoflavones and other bioactive compounds that help to improve mood and reduce anxiety.
- Menorrhagia: It is used to treat menorrhagia due to its astringent and hemostatic properties, which help to reduce bleeding and prevent excessive menstrual flow.
- Hysteria: It is used to treat hysteria due to its sedative and anxiolytic properties, derived from its isoflavones and other bioactive compounds that help to calm the nervous system and reduce anxiety.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Paeonia lactiflora, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Anxiety, Arthritis, Menstrual Cramps, Inflammation, Eczema, Depression, Menorrhagia, Migraines, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Insomnia, Pms, Skin Infections, Cancer Pain, Muscle Pain, Menopause, Endometriosis, Fever, Osteoarthritis, Rheumatism, Gastritis |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Inflammation, Fever, Menstrual Cramps, Migraines, Menstrual Pain, Rheumatism, Anxiety, Digestive Issues, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Eczema, Dysmenorrhea, Menstrual Disorders, Lung Infection, Skin Infections, Diarrhea, Hysteria, Hemorrhoids, Bronchitis, Skin Conditions, High Blood Pressure |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Inflammation, Anxiety, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Fever Reduction, Rheumatism, Depression, Endometriosis, Skin Irritation, Eczema, Menorrhagia, Menstrual Issues, Menstrual Cramps, Skin Infections, Musculoskeletal Pain, Migraines, Hysteria, Digestive Issues, Menstrual Pain, Diarrhea, Menopausal Hot Flashes |
| Unani Medicine | Rheumatism, Fever, Menorrhagia, Arthritis, Anxiety, Hysteria, Inflammation, Epilepsy, Eczema, Asthma, Migraine, Diarrhea, Gout, Menstrual Disorders, Dysmenorrhea, Depression, Digestive Issues, Nervousness, Endometriosis, Gastroenteritis |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Anxiety, Menstrual Cramps, Depression, Inflammation, Eczema, Rheumatism, Stress, Pain, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Menopause Symptoms, Insomnia, Hysteria, Chronic Fatigue, Sleep Disorders, Fever, Digestive Issues, Menstrual Pain, Menorrhagia, Migraine, Endometriosis |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Paeonia lactiflora is used to treat various health conditions, including anxiety, which it helps to alleviate through its anxiolytic properties.
Additionally, it is prescribed to patients suffering from arthritis, as it exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects that help to reduce pain and inflammation, which also makes it an effective treatment for menstrual cramps. Its anti-inflammatory properties also make it beneficial in the treatment of eczema, a condition characterized by skin inflammation and irritation, as well as depression, which is often associated with inflammation in the body. Furthermore, Paeonia lactiflora is used to treat menorrhagia, a condition characterized by excessive menstrual bleeding, and migraines, which are often accompanied by inflammation.
It is also used to alleviate pain and inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis, insomnia, PMS, skin infections, cancer pain, muscle pain, menopause symptoms, endometriosis, fever, osteoarthritis, rheumatism, and gastritis.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Paeonia lactiflora is used to treat various conditions, including inflammation which it helps to alleviate by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoting anti-inflammatory mediators.
The plant is also employed to combat fever, often used in conjunction with other herbs to regulate body temperature and promote sweating. Additionally, Paeonia lactiflora is used to alleviate menstrual cramps by stimulating the release of pain-relieving neurotransmitters and relaxing uterine muscles. Its analgesic and anti-spasmodic properties also make it a treatment for migraines, as well as menstrual pain, which it helps to reduce by modulating pain pathways.
Paeonia lactiflora's anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties make it a treatment for rheumatism, anxiety, digestive issues, rheumatoid arthritis, eczema, dysmenorrhea, menstrual disorders, lung infection, skin infections, diarrhea, hysteria, hemorrhoids, bronchitis, skin conditions, and high blood pressure.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Paeonia lactiflora is used to treat inflammation, often resulting in reduced pain and swelling.
It is also used to alleviate anxiety by modulating the body's stress response and promoting relaxation. Additionally, Paeonia lactiflora has been found to be effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis, reducing joint inflammation and improving range of motion. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory properties also aid in fever reduction, making it a valuable remedy for various conditions.
Paeonia lactiflora is also used to treat a range of other conditions, including rheumatism, depression, endometriosis, skin irritation, eczema, menorrhagia, menstrual issues, menstrual cramps, skin infections, musculoskeletal pain, migraines, hysteria, digestive issues, menstrual pain, diarrhea, and menopausal hot flashes.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Paeonia lactiflora is used to treat rheumatism, fever, menorrhagia, and anxiety, which are symptoms of a larger issue.
Its anti-inflammatory properties also help alleviate arthritis, hysteria, and inflammation, making it a valuable remedy for various conditions. Additionally, Paeonia lactiflora is known to have anticonvulsant properties that benefit individuals with epilepsy, and its soothing effects can help with eczema, asthma, and migraines. Furthermore, it's been used to treat various gastrointestinal issues, including diarrhea, gout, and digestive problems, as well as menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, depression, nervousness, and endometriosis, and its antiseptic properties even help with gastroenteritis.
Paeonia lactiflora's versatility and effectiveness make it a sought-after herb in unani medicine.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Paeonia lactiflora is used to alleviate anxiety, menstrual cramps, and depression by modulating the body's response to stress.
It also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, making it effective in treating eczema and rheumatism. Furthermore, Paeonia lactiflora is used to relieve pain and symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as menopause symptoms, insomnia, and hysteria. Additionally, it is applied in the treatment of chronic fatigue, sleep disorders, fever, digestive issues, menstrual pain, and menorrhagia.
Its antispasmodic properties also make it beneficial in the management of migraine, endometriosis, and migraines.
What are the primary health benefits of Paeonia lactiflora?
Paeonia lactiflora reduces inflammation by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to various chronic diseases.
Lowering blood pressure is another benefit, achieved through the plant's ability to inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme, a key regulator of blood pressure. Paeonia lactiflora prevents cancer growth by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibiting cell proliferation, while also preventing the formation of new blood vessels that supply the tumor. Anxiety symptoms are relieved due to the plant's action on the GABA receptor, a key regulator of the nervous system, which helps to calm the mind and body.
Additionally, Paeonia lactiflora fights fungal infections by exhibiting antifungal properties that inhibit the growth of fungal cells, treats arthritis pain by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduces oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals, enhances immune function by stimulating the production of antibodies, and decreases estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, all of which contribute to its overall therapeutic effects.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Paeonia lactiflora.
The list below provides more details on why Paeonia lactiflora offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Reduces Inflammation: This benefit is attributed to the presence of paeoniflorin, a glycoside compound found in this plant, which has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, thus reducing inflammation and alleviating associated symptoms.
- Lowers Blood Pressure: The ability to lower blood pressure is associated with the vasodilatory effect of this plant's compounds, which relax blood vessels and improve blood flow, thereby reducing blood pressure and minimizing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Prevents Cancer Growth: This plant contains compounds that have been found to exhibit anti-cancer properties, including paeoniflorin and other glycosides, which can inhibit the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, induce apoptosis, and suppress angiogenesis, thereby preventing cancer growth and metastasis.
- Relieves Anxiety Symptoms: The anxiolytic effect of this plant is attributed to the presence of paeoniflorin and other compounds, which can modulate the activity of neurotransmitters and GABA receptors, thus exerting a calming effect on the nervous system and alleviating anxiety symptoms.
- Improves Sleep Quality: The sedative properties of this plant are associated with the presence of paeoniflorin and other compounds, which can modulate the activity of neurotransmitters and GABA receptors, thus promoting relaxation, reducing anxiety, and improving sleep quality.
- Fights Fungal Infections: This plant contains compounds that have been found to exhibit antifungal properties, including paeoniflorin and other glycosides, which can inhibit the growth and proliferation of fungal cells, thereby fighting fungal infections and reducing the risk of associated complications.
- Treats Arthritis Pain: The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of this plant's compounds, including paeoniflorin and other glycosides, can alleviate pain and reduce inflammation associated with arthritis, thereby providing relief from this condition.
- Reduces Oxidative Stress: This plant contains compounds that have been found to exhibit antioxidant properties, including paeoniflorin and other glycosides, which can neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thereby protecting cells from damage and improving overall health.
- Enhances Immune Function: The immunomodulatory effect of this plant's compounds, including paeoniflorin and other glycosides, can stimulate the activity of immune cells and modulate the immune response, thereby enhancing immune function and reducing the risk of infections and diseases.
- Decreases Estrogen Levels: This plant contains compounds that have been found to exhibit estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties, including paeoniflorin and other glycosides, which can modulate estrogen levels and reduce the risk of estrogen-related disorders, such as breast cancer and endometriosis.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Paeonia lactiflora for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Improves Blood Flow, Reduces Blood Pressure, Enhances Circulation, Protects Heart Health, Prevents Blood Clots, Supports Artery Health, Regulates Blood Vessels, Reduces Cardiac Stress, Improves Oxygen Delivery, Boosts Cardiac Output |
| Digestive System | Relieves Digestion, Reduces Inflammation, Soothes Stomach, Boosts Motility, Alleviates Constipation, Regulates Bowels, Calms Nausea, Enhances Absorption, Heals Ulcers, Stabilizes Gut |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Cortisol, Stabilizes Metabolism, Balances Hormones, Reduces Inflammation, Improves Insulin, Boosts Thyroid, Supports Adrenal, Enhances Endocrine, Protects Pancreas, Maintains Growth |
| Integumentary System | Soothes Inflamed Skin, Reduces Acne Breakouts, Heals Wounds Faster, Stimulates Collagen Production, Repairs Skin Damage, Sustains Skin Barrier, Eases Skin Irritation, Fights Skin Infections, Protects Skin Cells, Maintains Skin Elasticity |
| Lymphatic System | Boosts Lymph Flow, Reduces Lymph Swelling, Improves Lymph Drainage, Enhances Lymph Function, Supports Lymph Cleansing, Regulates Lymph Pressure, Relaxes Lymph Tissues, Stimulates Lymph Nodes, Protects Lymph System, Maintains Lymph Balance |
| Musculoskeletal System | Reduce Joint Pain, Relieve Muscle Tension, Strengthen Bone Density, Improve Joint Mobility, Prevent Arthritis Development, Alleviate Sore Muscles, Enhance Ligament Health, Regulate Inflammation Levels, Support Osteoporosis Prevention, Soothe Menstrual Cramps |
| Nervous System | Calms Anxiety, Soothes Nerves, Regulates Emotions, Reduces Stress, Relaxes Muscles, Improves Sleep, Boosts Mood, Enhances Focus, Reduces Fatigue, Supports Memory |
| Reproductive System | Regulate Hormones, Stabilize Menstruation, Relieve Menstrual, Reduce Ovulation, Prevent Miscarriage, Improve Fertility, Stimulate Ovulation, Ease Labor, Shorten Labor, Reduce Infertility |
| Respiratory System | Relieves Congestion, Reduces Inflammation, Opens Airways, Eases Breathing, Prevents Scarring, Fights Infections, Lowers Allergies, Blocks Irritants, Cools Tissues, Promotes Healing |
| Urinary System | Reduce Urinary Tract Infections, Prevent Kidney Stones Formation, Treat Bladder Inflammation, Relieve Urinary Retention, Prevent Urinary Incontinence, Treat Prostate Issues, Reduce Enuresis Episodes, Alleviate Interstitial Cystitis, Soothe Genitourinary Tract, Prevent Urethritis Symptoms |
Circulatory System
Paeonia lactiflora improves blood flow by releasing flavonoids and alkaloids that act as vasodilators, expanding blood vessels and reducing vascular resistance.
The reduction of blood pressure is facilitated by the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Paeonia lactiflora, which protect the endothelial lining of blood vessels and decrease the production of vasoconstrictors. Enhanced circulation is achieved through the stimulation of nitric oxide production, which promotes vasodilation and increases blood flow velocity. Protecting heart health is crucial, and Paeonia lactiflora's flavonoids have been shown to reduce platelet aggregation and prevent the formation of blood clots, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.
By regulating blood vessels, reducing cardiac stress, improving oxygen delivery, and boosting cardiac output, Paeonia lactiflora supports the overall health and function of the circulatory system, particularly in supporting artery health.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- High blood pressure
- Thrombophlebitis
- Chronic venous insufficiency
- Raynaud's disease
Digestive System
Paeonia lactiflora relieves digestion by modulating the gut microbiome with its antimicrobial properties, which eliminate harmful bacteria and promote the growth of beneficial flora.
The anti-inflammatory compounds present in Paeonia lactiflora reduce inflammation in the digestive tract, thereby alleviating symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Paeonia lactiflora soothes stomach issues by exerting its antioxidant properties, which neutralize free radicals and protect the stomach lining from oxidative damage. The plant boosts motility by regulating the contraction and relaxation of intestinal muscles, ensuring a smooth and efficient movement of food through the digestive system.
Furthermore, Paeonia lactiflora enhances absorption by increasing the surface area of the intestinal lining and promoting the uptake of nutrients, while also healing ulcers with its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, and stabilizing the gut microbiome, thereby alleviating constipation and regulating bowel movements, and calming nausea.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Gastritis
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Hemorrhoids
- Ulcers
- Constipation
Endocrine System
Paeonia lactiflora regulates cortisol levels through its flavonoids and alkaloids, which exhibit anti-stress and adaptogenic properties.
By stabilizing metabolism, Paeonia lactiflora ensures the body's energy balance, thereby balancing hormones and regulating growth. The plant's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties reduce inflammation, improving insulin sensitivity and boosting thyroid function, which in turn supports adrenal health. Paeonia lactiflora also enhances endocrine system function by protecting the pancreas from oxidative damage and maintaining growth hormone production.
Through its unique combination of medicinal properties, including antimicrobial and antispasmodic effects, Paeonia lactiflora promotes a balanced and resilient endocrine system.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Menstrual cramps
- Endometriosis
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Premenstrual syndrome
- Thyroiditis
Integumentary System
Paeonia lactiflora soothes inflamed skin due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which reduce redness and swelling by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and neutralizing free radicals.
This plant reduces acne breakouts by its antimicrobial and antibacterial properties, which prevent the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria that cause acne. Paeonia lactiflora heals wounds faster due to its antiseptic and antifungal properties, which prevent infection and promote tissue repair. The plant stimulates collagen production, repairs skin damage, sustains skin barrier, eases skin irritation, fights skin infections, protects skin cells, and maintains skin elasticity due to its rich content of ascorbic acid, flavonoids, and glycosides, which promote collagen synthesis, tissue repair, and cell regeneration.
By combining these properties, Paeonia lactiflora provides comprehensive protection and support for the integumentary system.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Acne
- Bruises
- Eczema
- Insect bites
- Skin ulcers
Lymphatic System
Paeonia lactiflora boosts lymph flow due to its diuretic properties, stimulating the removal of excess fluids and toxins from the body.
Paeonia lactiflora reduces lymph swelling, attributed to its anti-inflammatory properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators. The lymph drainage is improved by Paeonia lactiflora's vasodilatory properties, increasing blood flow and reducing congestion in the lymphatic vessels. Paeonia lactiflora enhances lymph function by its antioxidant properties, protecting the lymphatic system from oxidative stress and damage caused by free radicals.
Paeonia lactiflora maintains lymph balance through its antimicrobial properties, preventing infections and maintaining a healthy balance of microorganisms in the lymphatic system.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphedema
- Lymphadenitis
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Edema
- Lymphatic congestion
- Tonsillitis
- Infectious mononucleosis
Musculoskeletal System
Paeonia lactiflora reduce joint pain through its anti-inflammatory properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Relieve muscle tension by inducing relaxation in muscles and promoting a decrease in muscle spasms, thanks to its sedative and anxiolytic effects. Strengthen bone density by stimulating osteoblast activity, an effect attributed to its osteogenic properties. Improve joint mobility by promoting the production of hyaluronic acid, a compound essential for maintaining joint lubrication and flexibility.
Paeonia lactiflora also alleviate sore muscles, prevent arthritis development, enhance ligament health, regulate inflammation levels, support osteoporosis prevention, and soothe menstrual cramps through its analgesic, anti-arthritic, and anti-fibrotic properties.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Tendinitis
- Fibromyalgia
- Muscle spasm
- Osteoarthritis
Nervous System
Paeonia lactiflora calms anxiety by exerting a sedative effect due to its alkaloid paeoniflorin, which is a GABA receptor agonist that enhances the inhibitory neurotransmission.
This plant soothes nerves by possessing anti-inflammatory properties, such as pentacyclic triterpenoids and phenolic compounds, that reduce inflammation in the nervous system. Paeonia lactiflora regulates emotions through its ability to modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which is influenced by its flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Additionally, it reduces stress due to its antioxidant properties, which protect against oxidative stress and cell damage.
Paeonia lactiflora relaxes muscles, improves sleep, boosts mood, enhances focus, reduces fatigue, and supports memory by acting on the brain's reward system through its neuroprotective and vasodilatory effects, as well as its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Depression
- Adhd
- Neuropathy
- Epilepsy
- Ptsd
- Chronic fatigue
- Migraines
- Schizophrenia
Reproductive System
Paeonia lactiflora regulate hormones by modulating the endocrine system, which is essential for the proper functioning of the reproductive system.
Stabilize menstruation through its anti-inflammatory properties, which reduce uterine cramping and alleviate conditions associated with dysmenorrhea. Relieve menstrual pain due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, making it a valuable natural remedy for managing menstrual discomfort. Reduce ovulation irregularities by exerting a stabilizing influence on the menstrual cycle, thereby promoting a more consistent and predictable ovulatory pattern, which can prevent miscarriage.
Improve fertility through its antioxidant properties, which protect reproductive cells from oxidative damage and enhance the overall reproductive health, ease labor by stimulating uterine contractions, shorten labor by facilitating a smoother and more efficient delivery process, and reduce infertility by promoting a healthier reproductive environment.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Menstrual cramps
- Endometriosis
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Premenstrual syndrome
- Menopausal symptoms
- Infertility
Respiratory System
Paeonia lactiflora relieves congestion through its expectorant properties, promoting the expulsion of mucus and phlegm from the lungs.
Its anti-inflammatory properties reduce inflammation in the respiratory tract, soothing and calming irritated tissues. Paeonia lactiflora opens airways by relaxing bronchial muscles, making it easier to breathe.
The plant's antioxidant properties ease breathing by neutralizing free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, allowing for more efficient oxygen exchange. Paeonia lactiflora prevents scarring in the lungs by promoting the degradation of fibrotic tissue, while its antimicrobial properties fight infections, lowering the risk of secondary complications.
Its antihistamine properties lower allergies by blocking histamine release, and the plant's mucilaginous properties block irritants, cooling tissues and promoting healing.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Cough
- Inflammation
- Allergies
- Bronchitis
Urinary System
Paeonia lactiflora reduces urinary tract infections due to its antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
Its antioxidant properties prevent kidney stones formation by reducing oxidative stress and promoting healthy mineral metabolism. Paeonia lactiflora also treats bladder inflammation with its anti-inflammatory effects, alleviating symptoms such as pain and discomfort. Additionally, its diuretic properties relieve urinary retention by increasing urine production and improving the flow of urine.
Paeonia lactiflora prevents urinary incontinence and treats prostate issues through its spasmolytic and antispasmodic effects, which relax smooth muscle and reduce muscle tone in the urinary tract.
The medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Urinary tract infections
- Kidney stones
- Cystitis
- Prostatitis
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Urinary incontinence
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Paeonia lactiflora?
The therapeutic properties of Paeonia lactiflora are characterized by its anti-inflammatory activity, which has been attributed to the presence of flavonoids and saponins in the plant.
Its antioxidant properties, mediated by phenolic compounds and alkaloids, play a crucial role in protecting against oxidative stress and cell damage. Paeonia lactiflora also exhibits analgesic and pain relief properties, which are associated with the inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes and the activation of opioid receptors. Additionally, the plant has sedative and diuretic effects, resulting from the action of volatile oils and glycosides, respectively, on the nervous and urinary systems.
Furthermore, the antispasmodic and anticancer properties of Paeonia lactiflora are attributed to the presence of anthraquinones and other bioactive compounds that inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Paeonia lactiflora.
The list below provides more details on why Paeonia lactiflora has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Anti-Inflammatory: Paeonia lactiflora has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties due to the presence of paeoniflorin, paeonol, and benzoyl ester, which can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, leading to a reduction in inflammation and swelling.
- Antioxidant: Paeonia lactiflora contains antioxidants such as paeonol, paeoniflorin, and phenolic compounds, which can neutralize free radicals and scavenge reactive oxygen species, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage and potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases.
- Analgesic: Paeonia lactiflora has been traditionally used as an analgesic agent, and studies have shown that its active compounds, particularly paeoniflorin and paeonol, can inhibit the activity of pain-related enzymes and receptors, leading to a reduction in pain perception.
- Pain Relief: Paeonia lactiflora has been found to provide pain relief by inhibiting the production of pain-related mediators, such as substance P and bradykinin, and by modulating the activity of pain-related receptors, thereby reducing pain perception and promoting analgesia.
- Sedative: Paeonia lactiflora has been traditionally used as a sedative agent, and studies have shown that its active compounds, particularly paeoniflorin and paeonol, can induce sedation by modulating the activity of neurotransmitters, such as GABA and serotonin, which are involved in regulating sleep and anxiety.
- Diuretic: Paeonia lactiflora has been found to exhibit diuretic properties, which can help to increase urine production and reduce fluid retention, potentially leading to a reduction in blood pressure and an improvement in cardiovascular health.
- Antispasmodic: Paeonia lactiflora has been traditionally used as an antispasmodic agent, and studies have shown that its active compounds, particularly paeoniflorin and paeonol, can inhibit the activity of smooth muscle cells and reduce muscle spasms, leading to a relief from conditions such as menstrual cramps and asthma.
- Anticancer: Paeonia lactiflora has been found to exhibit anticancer properties, particularly against breast, lung, and liver cancers, due to the presence of active compounds such as paeoniflorin, paeonol, and benzoyl ester, which can inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and reduce angiogenesis, thereby potentially reducing the risk of cancer development and progression.
What are the major healing constituents of Paeonia lactiflora?
The healing constituents of Paeonia lactiflora are primarily responsible for its medicinal properties, with saponins, particularly paeoniflorin and paeonol, contributing to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.
Flavonoids, including quercetin and kaempferol, exhibit antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, thereby protecting against cell damage and promoting tissue repair. Phenolic acids, such as ferulic and caffeic acids, display antimicrobial properties by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and reducing inflammation. Alkaloids, including paeoniline and paeonilactone, possess sedative and antispasmodic effects by regulating the activity of the nervous system and promoting relaxation.
Glycosides, particularly paeoniflorin and paeonol, exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the immune response and reducing inflammation.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Paeonia lactiflora.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Paeonia lactiflora and why they are important for health.
- Saponins: Saponins are a type of bioactive compound found in Paeonia lactiflora, characterized by their foaming, hemolytic, and cytotoxic properties.
- Flavonoids: Flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids found in Paeonia lactiflora are a group of compounds known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Alkaloids: Alkaloids are a group of compounds found in Paeonia lactiflora, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, sedative, and antispasmodic properties.
- Glycosides: Paeonia lactiflora glycosides are reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardiovascular-protective properties.
- Paeoniflorin: Paeoniflorin is a glycoside constituent of the plant Paeonia lactiflora, possessing anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory properties.
- Coumarins: Coumarins are a type of medicinal constituent in Paeonia lactiflora with reported anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Triterpenoids: A type of triterpene, which are pentacyclic compounds with various properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities.
- Paeonol: Paeonol is an isobutyrate ester of salicylic acid with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties.
- Sterols: Paeonia lactiflora contains Sterols, which are known to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Paeonia lactiflora and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Saponins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Anticancer, Antiviral, Immunomodulatory |
| Flavonoids | MEDIUM | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Analgesic, Anticancer, Cardioprotective, Vasodilatory, Antiviral |
| Phenolic acids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiviral, Anticancer, Antiproliferative, Antihypertensive, Cytoprotective, Vasodilatory |
| Alkaloids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Vasodilator, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Glycosides | MEDIUM | Analgesic, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Vasodilatory, Sedative |
| Paeoniflorin | HIGH | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Cardioprotective, Vasodilatory, Sedative, Anti-anxiety |
| Coumarins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant |
| Triterpenoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Pain relief, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Paeonol | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Cardioprotective, Hypolipidemic, Vasodilator |
| Sterols | LOW | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Pain relief, Antimicrobial, Cardioprotective |
What are the most used parts of Paeonia lactiflora in medicine?
The most used parts of Paeonia lactiflora for medicinal purposes are roots, flowers, and rhizomes.
The roots of Paeonia lactiflora contain paeonol, paeoniflorin, and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and sedative properties. The flowers contain flavonoids, such as peonidin and kaempferol, and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticonvulsant properties. The rhizomes are rich in paeoniflorin, paeonol, and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, which possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and sedative effects, as well as antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities.
These bioactive compounds and medicinal properties contribute to the plant's traditional uses in treating pain, inflammation, and various other health conditions.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Paeonia lactiflora in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Paeonia lactiflora in medicine and why.
- Roots: The roots of this plant are rich in paeonol, paeoniflorin, and paeonifloraquinone, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties, and are used to treat conditions such as fever, rheumatism, and digestive issues, providing relief from pain, reducing inflammation and improving immune function.
- Flowers: The flowers of this plant are abundant in paeonol, paeoniflorin, and benzoylated derivatives of paeoniflorin, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects, and are used to treat conditions like eczema, acne, and allergic reactions, providing relief from itching, reducing inflammation and improving skin health.
- Rhizomes: The rhizomes of this plant contain paeoniflorin, paeonol, and paeonifloraquinone, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties, and are used to treat conditions such as arthritis, fibromyalgia, and digestive issues, providing relief from pain, reducing inflammation and improving immune function.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Paeonia lactiflora mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Roots | Paeoniflorin, Benzylisoferulignan, Paeonol, Saponins, Alkaloids, Phenolic acids |
| Flowers | Paenolforin, Paenoformin, Paeonilforin, Paeoniflorin, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Saponins, Phenolic acids, Volatile oils |
| Rhizomes | Saponins, Alkaloids, Phenolic acids, Flavonoids, Coumarins, Phenanthrenes, Peptides, Tannins |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Paeonia lactiflora?
The most common herbal preparation of Paeonia lactiflora for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which are used to treat menstrual cramps and anxiety due to their sedative and antispasmodic properties.
Salves are also used topically to soothe wounds and reduce inflammation. Decoctions are made by boiling the roots of Paeonia lactiflora to treat fever, rheumatism, and other inflammatory conditions. Tea is prepared by infusing the dried flowers in hot water to alleviate stress and promote sleep.
Capsules and poultices are used to deliver the plant's active compounds directly to the body, with capsules providing a concentrated dose for pain and inflammation management, and poultices applied directly to the skin to reduce swelling and promote healing.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Paeonia lactiflora.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Paeonia lactiflora and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat menstrual cramp, anxiety, and insomnia, and to reduce pain and inflammation.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat inflammation, swelling, and pain, as well as to promote wound healing and skin regeneration, particularly for minor cuts, scrapes, and bruises.
- Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used for treating rheumatic and inflammatory conditions, dysmenorrhea, and fever.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, menstrual cramps, and insomnia due to its anti-inflammatory and sedative properties.
- Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used to treat dysmenorrhea, postoperative pain, and as an adjunct therapy in cancer treatment for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
- Poultice: Poultice made from this plant is used to treat wounds, burns, eczema, and rheumatic pain by reducing inflammation and promoting healing.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Paeonia lactiflora for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Roots, Rhizomes, Flowers |
| Salve | Roots, Rhizomes |
| Decoction | Roots, Flowers |
| Tea | Roots, Flowers |
| Capsule | Roots, Rhizomes, Flowers |
| Poultice | Roots, Rhizomes, Flowers |
Tincture
Paeonia lactiflora tincture is a herbal preparation used to treat various health conditions, including anxiety, PMS, menstrual cramps, inflammation, rheumatism, insomnia, digestive issues, depression, hives, and gout.
It's a commonly used remedy due to its effectiveness and accessibility. Paeonia lactiflora tincture typically induces a sedative effect, promoting relaxation and reducing stress.
This preparation is made from the roots, rhizomes, and flowers of the Paeonia lactiflora plant, which requires a moderate level of expertise to extract and combine correctly, as it involves soaking the plant material in a solvent, such as ethanol or glycerin, and then straining and concentrating the resulting liquid.
Below you find an image of Paeonia lactiflora tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Paeonia lactiflora tincture.
- Harvest fresh or dried roots and rhizomes of Paeonia lactiflora, and flowers for tincture preparation.
- Clean and dry the harvested roots, rhizomes, and flowers to prevent contamination and promote quality.
- Combine the roots, rhizomes, and flowers in a clean glass jar to achieve the desired herb to solvent ratio for the tincture.
- Add a suitable solvent, such as vodka or glycerin, to the jar, ensuring the herbs are completely covered to facilitate extraction.
- Seal the jar and store it in a cool, dark place, allowing the mixture to macerate for several weeks to facilitate the extraction process.
Salve
Paeonia lactiflora salve is a herbal preparation made from the roots and rhizomes of the Paeonia lactiflora plant, commonly used to treat various health issues, including inflammation, bruises, sprains, muscle strain, wounds, burns, and fever.
It's a widely used treatment for tendinitis as well. Paeonia lactiflora salve is often found in traditional medicine stores and online, making it a relatively common and accessible treatment option.
One of the most notable effects of Paeonia lactiflora salve is its anti-inflammatory action, which helps to reduce swelling and pain. Creating this salve requires a significant amount of effort and expertise, as it involves a time-consuming process of extracting the active compounds from the roots and rhizomes of the plant.
The extraction process can be challenging, and the quality of the final product heavily depends on the skill and experience of the person preparing it.
Below you find an image of Paeonia lactiflora salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Paeonia lactiflora salve.
- Gather and dry Paeonia lactiflora roots and rhizomes under shade to preserve their medicinal properties.
- Mince the dried roots and rhizomes into small pieces and combine them in a clean glass jar.
- Cover the minced roots and rhizomes with carrier oil such as olive or jojoba oil and store the jar in a cool dark place for several weeks, allowing the mixture to steep and infuse.
- Strain the infused oil through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean glass container, discarding the solids and reserving the infused oil.
- Combine the infused oil with a natural wax such as beeswax and coconut oil in a double boiler, heating the mixture until the wax melts and the salve reaches the desired consistency.
Decoction
Paeonia lactiflora decoction is a herbal preparation used to treat menstrual pain, bronchitis, fever, eczema, gastroenteritis and migraine.
It is a commonly used remedy in traditional medicine, particularly in Asian countries. The decoction has a sedative effect, which is beneficial for individuals experiencing anxiety and restlessness. The preparation is made by combining roots and flowers of the Paeonia lactiflora plant in water and then boiling it.
The process of making Paeonia lactiflora decoction is moderately difficult and requires attention to detail to ensure the correct ratio of plant material to water.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Paeonia lactiflora decoction.
- Gather clean Paeonia lactiflora roots and flowers for the decoction.
- Rinse the roots and flowers thoroughly with cold water to remove any dirt or debris.
- Combine the roots and flowers in a pot, adding enough water to cover the ingredients.
- Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30 minutes to allow the active ingredients to release.
- Strain the decoction through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve into a clean container, discarding the solids.
Tea
Paeonia lactiflora tea is commonly used to treat menstrual cramps, anxiety, insomnia, digestive issues, depression, eczema, hormonal imbalance, headaches, and stress due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties.
It's a very commonly used herbal remedy, with roots and flowers being the main ingredients. Making Paeonia lactiflora tea is easy, as it can be prepared by steeping dried roots and flowers in hot water.
This preparation has a very common effect of inducing a sense of calm and relaxation, which is likely due to its sedative properties and the presence of alkaloids such as paeoniflorin and paeonol.
Below you find an image of Paeonia lactiflora tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Paeonia lactiflora tea.
- Gather fresh or dried roots and flowers of Paeonia lactiflora plant.
- Wash the roots and flowers gently to remove any dirt or impurities.
- Combine the roots and flowers in a pot or teapot to create the herbal blend.
- Steep the mixture in boiling water for a few minutes to release the active ingredients.
- Strain and serve the Paeonia lactiflora herbal tea hot or chilled, depending on personal preference.
Capsule
Paeonia lactiflora capsule is widely used to treat various health issues including menstrual pain, anxiety, insomnia, inflammation, hemorrhoids, hypertension and depression.
This preparation is extremely common in traditional medicine due to its effectiveness and widespread availability. Its most notable effect is the sedative action it produces, leading to relaxation and reduction in stress levels. The capsule is typically made from a combination of roots, rhizomes and flowers of the Paeonia lactiflora plant.
The process of making Paeonia lactiflora capsule is moderately difficult as it requires careful selection and processing of the plant materials to ensure maximum efficacy.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Paeonia lactiflora capsule.
- Harvest the roots and rhizomes of Paeonia lactiflora, clean them thoroughly, and dry them in a well-ventilated area.
- Crush the dried roots and rhizomes into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle, and mix with dried flowers of Paeonia lactiflora.
- Combine the powdered roots, rhizomes, and flowers in a suitable ratio, and mix well to create a uniform blend.
- Fill empty herbal capsules with the blended powder, making sure to fill them to the recommended level.
- Seal the capsules securely, and store them in a cool, dark place to preserve their potency and effectiveness.
Poultice
Paeonia lactiflora poultice is a traditional herbal remedy used to treat various skin conditions, including bruises, boils, bursitis, skin ulcers, gangrene, eczema, wounds, and insect bites, as well as burns.
This preparation is commonly used in folk medicine due to its effectiveness in promoting wound healing and reducing inflammation. The application of Paeonia lactiflora poultice is known to cause a decrease in pain and swelling in affected areas. The poultice is typically made from the roots, rhizomes, and flowers of the Paeonia lactiflora plant, which are dried and then mixed with a binding agent to create a paste.
Preparation of the poultice requires some knowledge and skill, as it must be applied correctly to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, but it is not excessively complicated, and with practice, anyone can make it.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Paeonia lactiflora poultice.
- Gather fresh or dried Paeonia lactiflora roots and rhizomes, as well as dried flowers.
- Dry the gathered roots and rhizomes in a low-temperature oven or let air dry for several days.
- Crush the dried roots and rhizomes into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle or a coffee grinder.
- Mix the powdered roots and rhizomes with the dried flowers to create a uniform herbal blend.
- Apply the herbal poultice directly to the affected skin area and secure with a cloth or bandage.
What are the possible side effects of Paeonia lactiflora if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Paeonia lactiflora are nausea and vomiting, which can be triggered by ingesting excessive amounts of the plant's active compounds.
Abdominal pain can occur due to the irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, and diarrhea may be a result of the plant's emetic properties. Hemorrhage is a severe and potentially life-threatening side effect, which can be caused by the plant's anticoagulant properties. Prolonged use of the plant can lead to fatigue and dizziness, while headache may be a symptom of an allergic reaction or an overdose of the plant's active compounds.
Additionally, improperly using Paeonia lactiflora can cause liver damage due to its toxic properties.
The most common side effects Paeonia lactiflora gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Nauseate: Paeonia lactiflora extracts induce nausea in some individuals due to their emetic properties.
- Vomit: Ingestion of Paeonia lactiflora root or rhizome causes nausea and vomiting in humans.
- Abdominal Pain: Paeonia lactiflora root may cause gastrointestinal irritation, leading to abdominal pain
- Diarrhea: Paeonia lactiflora extracts cause gastrointestinal irritation leading to loose stools.
- Hemorrhage: Excessive bleeding occurs due to Paeonia lactiflora's anticoagulant properties.
- Fatigue: Paeonia lactiflora may cause drowsiness or sedation, leading to fatigue due to its sedative effect.
- Dizziness: Paeonia lactiflora contains peonidin, which may lower blood pressure, leading to decreased cerebral blood flow and resulting in dizziness.
- Headache: Paeonia lactiflora root contains salicylic acid, a compound that causes headaches.
- Allergic Reaction: Symptoms such as hives, itching, and difficulty breathing occur after exposure to Paeonia lactiflora due to an immune system overreaction.
- Liver Damage: Paeonia lactiflora contains paeonol which can cause liver damage in high doses.
What are the precautions to take before using Paeonia lactiflora medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Paeonia lactiflora medicinally are use under medical supervision to ensure safe dosing and potential interactions, consult a doctor before pregnancy to assess fetal safety, avoid excessive consumption to prevent adverse effects, be cautious with liver or kidney issues as the plant may exacerbate existing problems.
Monitor blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes, as Paeonia lactiflora may influence glucose metabolism, and watch for allergic reactions such as skin rashes or respiratory distress. Interact with other medications, particularly blood thinners, to prevent increased bleeding risk, and use in short treatment duration to minimize potential side effects.
Avoid with bleeding disorders, including hemophilia, as Paeonia lactiflora may worsen bleeding tendency, and keep out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion.
The most important precautions you must take before using Paeonia lactiflora for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Use Under Medical Supervision: Paeonia lactiflora may cause bleeding in patients taking anticoagulant medications or with bleeding disorders.
- Consult Doctor Before Pregnancy: Paeonia lactiflora may stimulate uterine contractions, potentially inducing abortion.
- Avoid Excessive Consumption: Excessive consumption of Paeonia lactiflora may cause gastrointestinal upset.
- Be Cautious With Liver Or Kidney Issues: Paeonia lactiflora may cause harm in individuals with pre-existing liver or kidney problems due to its potential to exacerbate these conditions.
- Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: Paeonia lactiflora may lower blood sugar levels, requiring monitoring by patients with diabetes.
- Watch For Allergic Reactions: Some individuals experience skin irritation or allergic reactions after handling Paeonia lactiflora.
- Interact With Other Medications: Paeonia lactiflora may interact with anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding.
- Use In Short Treatment Duration: Treatment duration should not exceed 8 weeks.
- Avoid With Bleeding Disorders: Paeonia lactiflora may exacerbate bleeding due to its coumarin content, similar to warfarin.
- Keep Out Of Reach Of Children: Paeonia lactiflora contains peonidin, an anthocyanidin that is toxic if ingested in large amounts by children.
Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Paeonia lactiflora?
Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Paeonia lactiflora. Here are some studies that are worthy of notice.
According to a study published by "Journal of ethnopharmacology", the use of Paeonia lactiflora has been reported to have several positive effects, including the treatment of inflammation and cardiovascular diseases due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective properties. Additionally, Paeonia lactiflora has been found to possess neuroprotective properties, suggesting its potential use as a neuroprotective agent. Furthermore, studies have isolated bioactive compounds such as paeoniflorin and TGP from Paeonia lactiflora, which have been used as therapeutic drugs or tested in clinical trials.
In another study published by "Plants (Basel, Switzerland)", Paeonia lactiflora has been found to have medicinal value, particularly in the ornamental cultivar 'Zifengyu' which contains significantly higher levels of flavonoids and phenolic acids compared to the medicinal cultivar 'Hangbaishao'. The study suggests that the accumulation of phenolic acids and flavonoids in 'Zifengyu' may be due to the presence of a key bacterium, Ruminococcaceae bacterium GD7, which leads to the production of these compounds. This finding highlights the potential medicinal benefits of Paeonia lactiflora, particularly in its ornamental varieties, and contributes to the understanding of its 'dual use of medicine and appreciation'.
A different research published by Phytotherapy Research: PTR, the administration of Paeonia lactiflora was found to increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes, suggesting its antioxidant properties. Additionally, Paeonia lactiflora was shown to improve endothelial function in rats administered a high-fat diet, resulting in enhanced endothelium-dependent relaxation. These findings indicate that Paeonia lactiflora may have a protective effect on endothelial cells and their function.
