Pachira glabra
Pachira glabra · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Pachira glabra is a tropical species that has become a subject of scientific interest due to its unique biochemical properties. Research has focused specifically on the root of the plant to identify its bioactive constituents. Investigations have revealed the presence of Phospholipase A2 within these specialized tissues. To study these effects, scientists utilize a specific vegetal extract known as Bg. This study aims to explore how this extract interacts with various biological conditions.
- Synonyms
- Bombax Oleagineum · Bombax Kimuenzae · 6 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Malvaceae
- Distribution
- Asia-Temperate
- Plant Parts
- Root
Classification
Common Names
Pachira glabra is a versatile species known by a diverse array of local names across different regions. It is frequently referred to as Amendoim-de-árvore or Cacau-do-maranhão in various botanical contexts. Some people also identify the plant as Cacau-selvagem, highlighting its unique characteristics. Furthermore, the names Castanha and Castanha-de-praia are commonly used to describe this particular plant. These multiple aliases reflect the rich cultural and linguistic connections associated with its identity.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Pachira glabra is a botanical subject characterized by a complex web of taxonomic synonyms. Throughout various scientific classifications, this species has been identified by several alternative names, including Bombacopsis glabra. It is also frequently associated with the nomenclature Bombax anisophyllum and Bombax columellatum in historical records. Furthermore, researchers have documented its relationship to the synonyms Bombax glabrum and Bombax kimuenzae. Understanding these overlapping designations is essential for accurately navigating the plant's diverse botanical history.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Pachira glabra is a fascinating botanical specimen that belongs to the vast kingdom Plantae. Within this kingdom, it is specifically classified under the class Equisetopsida. The plant is further organized into the order Malvales, showcasing its evolutionary lineage. It also falls under the family Malvaceae, which connects it to many other diverse species. Finally, its unique identity is defined by its membership in the genus Pachira.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Malvales |
| Family | Malvaceae |
| Genus | Pachira |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Pachira glabra exhibits a wide and diverse distribution across several key regions of the African continent. In East Tropical Africa, this species can be found thriving within the landscapes of both Tanzania and Uganda. Its presence extends into Northeast Tropical Africa, where it is documented in Chad and the territories of Sudan and South Sudan. Additionally, the plant reaches into South Tropical Africa, specifically inhabiting parts of Zambia. This broad geographical range highlights the plant's ability to adapt to various African ecosystems.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Pachira glabra is a self-supporting plant that typically adopts a tree-like growth form. Depending on its environment, this species can reach a height of up to 12 meters. In some optimal conditions, it has been known to grow even larger, reaching a maximum height of 17 meters. This impressive stature makes it a striking presence in any landscape.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Conditions
Pachira glabra, through its active compound triacontyl p-coumarate, effectively treats the harmful effects of Bothropoides pauloensis snake venom. This plant extract specifically targets and inhibits snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) to prevent tissue damage. It also neutralizes the fibrinogenolytic activity and plasmatic fibrinogen depletion induced by the venom. Furthermore, the treatment demonstrates the ability to inhibit hemorrhagic activities, specifically measured by the minimum hemorrhagic dose (3MDH) injected into mice. Finally, Pachira glabra successfully mitigates myotoxic activities caused by metalloproteinases such as Jararhagin.
Preparations
Pachira glabra is prepared as a vegetal extract, referred to as Bg, to study its medicinal properties. This specific extract serves as a source for isolating the active compound triacontyl p-coumarate. Researchers utilize the Bg extract to test its effectiveness against the harmful effects of snake venoms and isolated toxins. By using this prepared vegetal form, the study demonstrates how the plant can inhibit physiological damage caused by envenomation. Ultimately, the preparation of Pachira glabra as an extract provides a foundation for developing alternative treatments for snakebites.
Parts used
Pachira glabra, commonly known as Bombacopsis glabra, offers significant pharmacological potential through its specialized chemical constituents. Researchers have successfully isolated the active compound triacontyl p-coumarate from the root bark of this medicinal plant. This specific compound demonstrates a remarkable ability to inhibit snake venom metalloproteinases, which are responsible for severe tissue damage. By neutralizing fibrinogenolytic activity and myotoxicity, the extract provides a promising defense against the harmful effects of viperid envenomations. Consequently, the study suggests that utilizing the root components of this species could lead to alternative treatments for snakebite victims.