Oryza sativa
Oryza molida
Oryza sativa, commonly known as rice, is more than just a global dietary staple. Beyond its nutritional importance, it holds significant medicinal value in traditional practices. Rich in antioxidants and essential minerals, various parts of the plant are utilized to support digestive health, reduce inflammation, and promote overall wellness.
- Scientific name: Oryza sativa
- Family: Poaceae
- Native range: Europe
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Poales, it is classified under the family Poaceae. Finally, it is identified by its genus name, Oryza, as part of the species Oryza sativa.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Poales | WCVP |
| Family | Poaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Oryza | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Oryza sativa, is recognized by various common names across different languages and regions. In Hindi, it is referred to as ओराय्ज़ा सैटिवा, while in Slovak, it is called ryža siata. In Poland, the name used is ryż siewny, and in Korean, it is known as 벼. Additionally, in Russian, the plant is commonly called рис посевной.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| hi | ओराय्ज़ा सैटिवा | Wikidata |
| sk | ryža siata | Wikidata |
| pl | ryż siewny | Wikidata |
| ko | 벼 | Wikidata |
| ru | рис посевной | Wikidata |
| en | Oryza molida | Wikidata |
| ms | padi | Wikidata |
| uk | Рис посівний | Wikidata |
| pa | ਚੌਲ | Wikidata |
| id | padi | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant is distributed across several key regions within the European continent. In Middle Europe, its presence can be found extending through the territories of Czechia and Slovakia. It also maintains a notable distribution within the borders of Hungary. Moving toward the coast, the plant is located in Southwestern Europe specifically within France. Finally, its geographical range reaches as far as the Southwestern European nations of Portugal and Spain.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | France | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Portugal | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Spain | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Albania | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Greece | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Italy | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Romania | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Oryza sativa, is primarily cultivated for its nutritional value, but various components offer diverse functional uses. The long, slender leaves are essential for photosynthesis and contribute to the plant's biomass, while the dried straw remains a valuable byproduct used in various traditional applications and as bedding. The reproductive cycle centers on the seeds, which are protected by a protective outer layer known as the rice husks. Once processed, the innermost part, the rice grains, serves as a primary global food source and is the most significant part of the plant for human consumption.- Total parts
- 8
- Scientific sources
- 12
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| leaves | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| straw | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| seeds | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rice husks | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rice grains | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rice bran | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruits | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| dried husks | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Oryza sativa has 187 reported phytochemicals identified across 259 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include chlorophyll, Cd, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, hydrogen peroxide.
- Total chemicals
- 187
- Scientific sources
- 259
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| chlorophyll | 6 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Cd | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| jasmonic acid | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| abscisic acid | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| hydrogen peroxide | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| malondialdehyde | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| ABA | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| ferulic acid | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| flavonoids | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| iron | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
Activities
Oryza sativa has 7 reported activities identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Allelopathic, Cytotoxic, Free-Radical Scavenging, Gastroprotective.
- Total activities
- 7
- Scientific sources
- 9
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Allelopathic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Free-Radical Scavenging | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Gastroprotective | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Neuroprotective | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Tonic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Oryza sativa has 53 reported medicinal uses identified across 67 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include salt stress, drought, breast cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, paralysis.
- Total uses
- 53
- Scientific sources
- 67
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| salt stress | 7 | ★★★★☆ |
| drought | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| breast cancer | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| neurodegenerative diseases | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| paralysis | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rheumatoid arthritis | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| salinity | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| water stress | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Alopecia | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Androgenetic alopecia | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |