Orobanche crenata
Orobanche crenata · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Orobanche crenata is a parasitic plant species that has garnered scientific interest due to its unique chemical composition. Research indicates that the leaves of this plant are rich in bioactive compounds, specifically various phenols. These chemical constituents contribute to several significant pharmacological properties within the plant. Studies have demonstrated that extracts from the leaves can exhibit analgesic, antihyperglycemic, and antispasmodic effects. Consequently, this species serves as a compelling subject for exploring natural medicinal applications.
- Synonyms
- Orobanche Punctata Var. Glabrata · Orobanche Minor Var. Lapeyrousii · 20 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Orobanchaceae
- Distribution
- Asia-Temperate
- Plant Parts
- Leaf
Classification
Common Names
Orobanche crenata is a parasitic plant that is known by several different regional names across various languages. In English-speaking regions, it is most frequently referred to as the common Bean Broomrape. Within Welsh contexts, the species is identified by the names Gorfanadl Ffa or Gorfanhadlen Ffa. It also carries the common moniker Erva-toira in certain botanical circles. Additionally, the plant is locally recognized by the name Jopo, illustrating the diverse linguistic heritage associated with this species.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Orobanche crenata is a complex species that has been identified under several different scientific names throughout botanical history. Taxonomists have documented various synonyms for this plant, including the designations Orobanche amethystea var. maura and Orobanche angustisepala. Additional classifications linked to this species include Orobanche callieri and Orobanche clementei. Furthermore, the plant is also recognized by the specific form Orobanche crenata f. alba. These diverse naming conventions highlight the intricate taxonomic relationships found within this particular group.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Orobanche crenata is a fascinating specimen that belongs to the diverse kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological group, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further belongs to the specific order Lamiales, which helps scientists understand its evolutionary lineage. As a member of the family Orobanchaceae, it displays unique characteristics common to its relatives. Finally, this species is categorized under the genus Orobanche, completing its formal biological identity.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Orobanchaceae |
| Genus | Orobanche |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Orobanche crenata is a plant species with a broad geographical reach that spans across various parts of the African continent. Its distribution includes significant presence in Macaronesia, specifically within the Azores, the Canary Islands, and Madeira. The species is also found in Northeast Tropical Africa, with notable populations located in Ethiopia. Furthermore, its range extends into Northern Africa, where it can be found in regions such as Algeria. This wide-ranging habitat demonstrates the adaptability of the plant across diverse ecological landscapes.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Orobanche crenata is a self-supporting herb that plays a unique role in its ecosystem. This plant typically grows to a modest stature, reaching a maximum height of 0.8 meters. Depending on its environmental conditions, it may also be found as small as 0.15 meters tall. These varying dimensions characterize its growth form as it establishes itself in the soil.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Orobanche crenata has emerged as a subject of significant scientific interest due to its potential therapeutic properties. Recent investigations into its leaf extract have revealed a high content of phenols, which contribute to its biological activity. These phenolic compounds appear to play a crucial role in inhibiting the growth and biofilm formation of pathogens like Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Furthermore, the extract demonstrates an ability to disrupt morphological transitions and adhesion in these yeast cells. Consequently, the presence of these bioactive molecules suggests that the plant could be a valuable resource in the management of fungal infections.
Conditions
Orobanche crenata leaf extract demonstrates significant antifungal activity by inhibiting the growth of both C. albicans and C. glabrata. The extract further disrupts the infection process by reducing the adhesion of these pathogens to human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19). Beyond its antimicrobial properties, the plant exhibits a notable DPPH quenching capacity, indicating antioxidant potential. Additionally, research supports the use of O. crenata for its analgesic effects. These diverse biological activities highlight the plant's potential as a source of bioactive compounds.
Preparations
Parts used
Orobanche crenata possesses unique biological properties that are being extensively studied for their medicinal potential. Researchers have specifically focused on the therapeutic capabilities found within the Orobanche crenata leaf extract. This particular part of the plant has demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Furthermore, the leaf extract appears to hinder biofilm formation and disrupt the morphological transitions of these fungal pathogens. These findings suggest that the bioactive molecules present in the leaves could play a crucial role in managing systemic infections.