Java waterdropwort

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Japanese parsley
• Java water-dropwort
• Water Dropwort
• Chinese-celery
• Indian-pennywort
• water-celery
• water-dropwort
• Java waterdropwort

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Oenanthe stolonifera var. javanica
• Sium javanicum
• Cyssopetalum javanicum
• Dasyloma javanicum
• Falcaria javanica

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is classified under the order Apiales and the family Apiaceae. It is specifically identified by the genus Oenanthe.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a wide geographical distribution across various regions of the Eurasian continent. In Northern Europe, its presence can be recorded in Great Britain. Moving toward Southeastern Europe, the species is found inhabiting parts of Italy. The distribution extends into Siberia, specifically within the Chitá region. Finally, it reaches the Russian Far East, where it is located in both the Kuril Islands and Primorye.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Oenanthe javanica is defined by its ability to thrive across a broad altitudinal gradient, ranging from low-lying areas at 100 m AMSL to high-altitude environments reaching a maximum of 2900 m AMSL. This species is primarily found in moisture-rich environments, occupying diverse habitats such as lakes and rivers, as well as being frequently present in crop fields.

Elevational range max:

2900 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

100 m AMSL

Habitat :

crop fields, lakes, rivers

Life history

The life history of Oenanthe javanica is characterized by its status as a perennial species, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. This long-term survival strategy enables the plant to establish robust root systems that support regrowth after periods of dormancy. As a perennial, its development involves cyclical patterns of vegetative growth and reproductive phases, contributing to its stability within its natural habitat. While its life cycle is fundamentally perennial, the plant exhibits a degree of variability in its developmental timing and resource allocation depending on environmental conditions.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Oenanthe javanica is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb, specifically categorized as a forb. This plant is primarily terrestrial in its habitat, rather than aquatic or epiphytic, and functions as an independent organism without parasitic tendencies. In terms of structure, it is a self-supporting species rather than a liana or vine. The plant exhibits a variable height, with individual specimens ranging from a minimum of 0.15 m to a maximum of 1 m, maintaining an average plant height of approximately 0.7375 m.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Growth form :

forb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

1 m

Plant height mean:

0.7375 m

Plant height min:

0.15 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiology of Oenanthe javanica is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which dictates its carbon fixation processes and metabolic efficiency in its natural environment. As a plant utilizing the C3 pathway, it undergoes the Calvin cycle directly within the mesophyll cells without the specialized anatomy required for C4 or CAM metabolism. Furthermore, this species is not a nitrogen fixer, meaning it lacks the symbiotic relationship with diazotrophic bacteria necessary to convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms, and instead relies on the uptake of inorganic nitrogen from the soil to support its growth and physiological functions.

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Reproduction

The reproduction of Oenanthe javanica is characterized by a specific flowering phenology and specialized pollination mechanisms. The flowering period typically commences in July and concludes in August. This reproductive cycle relies on biotic pollination syndromes, specifically involving insects, which facilitate the transfer of pollen. The plant is capable of self-fertilization, ensuring reproductive success through the presence of self-compatible mechanisms. Following successful pollination, the plant produces small fruits with distinct dimensions; these fruits maintain a consistent width of approximately 0.2 cm (ranging from a minimum of 0.2 cm to a maximum of 0.2 cm), while the length varies slightly, with a minimum of 0.25 cm, a mean length of 0.275 cm, and a maximum length of 0.3 cm.

Flowering time :

Jul

Flowering time :

Aug

Fruit length max:

0.3 cm

Fruit length mean:

0.275 cm

Fruit length min:

0.25 cm

Fruit width max:

0.2 cm

Pollination syndrome :

insect

Pollination syndrome :

biotic

Self fertilization :

present

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Oenanthe javanica has 33 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include BETA-PINENE, CAMPHENE, CARVACROL, Coumarins, D-Galactosamine.

BETA-PINENE

1. Dr. Duke

CAMPHENE

1. Dr. Duke

CARVACROL

1. Dr. Duke

Coumarins

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

D-Galactosamine

1. Dr. Duke

Flavonoids

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Hyperoside

1. Planta medica

Isorhamnetin

1. Dr. Duke

Myristicin

1. Dr. Duke

N-1-Eicosanol

1. Dr. Duke

Activities

Oenanthe javanica has 126 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Analgesic, Antioxidant, Antiviral, Hepatoprotective, 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor.

Analgesic

1. Dr. Duke
2. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Antioxidant

1. Dr. Duke
2. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Antiviral

1. Dr. Duke
2. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Hepatoprotective

1. Dr. Duke
2. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor

1. Dr. Duke

Acaricide

1. Dr. Duke

Allelopathic

1. Dr. Duke

Allergenic

1. Dr. Duke

Amphetaminagenic

1. Dr. Duke

Anesthetic

1. Dr. Duke

Conditions

Oenanthe javanica has 5 reported investigations on conditions identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include HBeAg, HBsAg, abdominal pain, aging, jaundice.

Hbeag

1. Acta pharmacologica Sinica

Hbsag

1. Acta pharmacologica Sinica

Abdominal pain

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Aging

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Jaundice

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Preparations

Oenanthe javanica has 1 reported preparations identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include OjF.

Ojf

1. Acta pharmacologica Sinica