Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (3 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum is a versatile plant species frequently utilized for its diverse medicinal and biological properties. The leaves are the primary part used to produce various preparations, including essential oils and both aqueous and ethanol extracts. These preparations are studied for a wide range of activities, such as antipyretic, acaricide, and abortifacient effects. Research indicates that the essential oils derived from this plant can be applied to address conditions like cough in adults or to combat Escherichia coli and larvae. However, users should remain cautious as the plant can also act as an allergenic agent.
- Synonyms
- Geniosporum Discolor · Ocimum Heptodon · 19 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Lamiaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Leaf
Classification
Common Names
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum is a versatile plant known by a wide variety of regional and traditional names. In many parts of the world, it is most frequently recognized by its common name, African Basil. Depending on the local language and culture, it may also be referred to as Alfavaca-cravo or Alfavacão. Other distinct names used to identify this botanical specimen include Aroubaba and Atroveram. These diverse monikers highlight the widespread presence and cultural significance of this aromatic herb.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum is a botanical subject characterized by a complex history of taxonomic synonyms. Within scientific literature, this specific subspecies has been identified under several different names, including Geniosporum discolor and Ocimum arborescens. It is also frequently referred to in older studies as Ocimum dalabaense or Ocimum febrifugum. Furthermore, researchers have occasionally categorized the plant as Ocimum gratissimum var. hildebrandtii. Understanding these various designations is essential for maintaining clarity when studying its diverse botanical relationships.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum is a specialized botanical specimen that belongs to the vast kingdom Plantae. Within this expansive kingdom, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further descends through the order Lamiales, showcasing its specific evolutionary lineage. This subspecies is a member of the genus Ocimum, a group known for its diverse aromatic properties. Finally, it is nested within the family Lamiaceae, marking its place among the well-known mint family.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Lamiaceae |
| Genus | Ocimum |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum is a botanical variety with an extensive geographic footprint across the African continent. Its presence is particularly notable throughout East Tropical Africa, where it thrives in the diverse landscapes of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. The plant's reach also extends into Northeast Tropical Africa, specifically within the borders of Chad. Beyond the mainland, this subspecies can be found in the Macaronesia region, specifically inhabiting Cape Verde. This wide-ranging distribution highlights the plant's remarkable ability to adapt to various African ecosystems.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Biological Activities
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum possesses a diverse range of biological activities that highlight its significant medicinal and practical value. Research indicates that this plant exhibits notable antipyretic properties, making it a potential candidate for managing fevers. Furthermore, its demonstrated antitussive activity suggests it could play a role in the formulation of remedies to alleviate coughing. Beyond its therapeutic uses, the plant also functions as an effective repellent, offering natural solutions for pest management. Together, these multi-faceted characteristics underscore the importance of studying this subspecies for integrated health and agricultural applications.
Compounds
Conditions
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum possesses antibacterial properties that are effective against Citrobacter species. This plant extract also demonstrates the ability to treat E. feacalis. Furthermore, it shows significant activity against Enterobacter species. The treatment capabilities of the plant extend to Escherichia coli as well. Finally, Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum is effective in treating K. pneumoniae.
Preparations
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum is prepared as essential oils, which have been shown to possess insecticidal and antibacterial properties. This plant is also prepared as extracts to evaluate various medicinal uses. Specifically, it is prepared as aqueous and ethanol extracts to test for therapeutic effects in biological models. In certain studies, the plant is prepared as aqueous and ethanol extracts of the leaves to investigate antipyretic qualities. Additionally, the plant is prepared as an aqueous extract to determine its specific pharmacological activities.
Parts used
Ocimum gratissimum subsp. gratissimum utilizes its leaves as a primary part for various medicinal applications. While research on this specific subspecies highlights the importance of its foliage, other members of the genus demonstrate significant therapeutic potential. For instance, the leaves of Ocimum suave have been proven to possess potent antibacterial activity against several uropathogens. Additionally, extracts from the leaves of Ocimum suave and Ocimum lamiifolium have shown effective antipyretic properties in reducing fever. These studies collectively emphasize the diverse biological activities found within the different parts of the Ocimum genus.