Mitragyna stipulosa
Mitragyna stipulosa · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Mitragyna stipulosa is a significant botanical species known for its diverse array of bioactive chemical constituents. Research has identified key compounds within the plant, including quinovic acid, alpha-amyrin, and beta-sitosterol glucopyranoside. Furthermore, the presence of various triterpenoids contributes to its complex phytochemical profile. These chemical properties have drawn scientific interest regarding their potential biological activities against specific pathogens. Notably, studies have explored the plant's effectiveness in addressing conditions involving Vibrio cholerae.
- Synonyms
- Adina Ledermannii · Adina Stipulosa · 9 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Rubiaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Mitragyna stipulosa, commonly referred to by the name false opepe, is a distinctive species within its botanical family. This plant is recognized for its specific morphological traits that set it apart from other members of the genus. Often found in tropical environments, it plays a unique role in its native ecosystem. Understanding its common nomenclature helps researchers and enthusiasts identify it more easily in the field. Consequently, studying this species provides valuable insights into the diverse relationships found within tropical flora.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Mitragyna stipulosa is a botanical species known by several different scientific names throughout history. Taxonomic records indicate that this plant is also recognized by the synonyms Adina ledermannii and Adina stipulosa. Furthermore, the species has been categorized under the genus Fleroya as both Fleroya ledermannii and Fleroya stipulosa. Researchers also identify the plant through its connection to the name Hallea ledermannii. Understanding these various synonyms is essential for accurate botanical classification and identification.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Mitragyna stipulosa belongs to the vast kingdom Plantae, representing the diverse life forms found within the plant world. Within this kingdom, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida, distinguishing its biological structure. It further falls into the order Gentianales, a group that connects it to several other significant botanical species. This plant is a member of the genus Mitragyna, which defines its specific evolutionary lineage. Finally, its botanical identity is solidified by its placement within the family Rubiaceae.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Gentianales |
| Family | Rubiaceae |
| Genus | Mitragyna |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Mitragyna stipulosa is a plant species characterized by a broad and varied distribution across the African continent. In East Tropical Africa, it can be found growing within the borders of Uganda. Its presence extends into Northeast Tropical Africa, where it inhabits regions of Chad and the Sudan-South Sudan area. The species also reaches into South Tropical Africa, establishing itself in countries such as Angola and Zambia. This wide geographical range highlights the plant's ability to thrive in diverse African environments.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Mitragyna stipulosa is a prominent tree species characterized by its sturdy, self-supporting growth form. This botanical specimen can reach impressive heights, with some individuals growing as small as 6.1 meters. In many environments, the species typically establishes itself at a minimum height of 30 meters. Under optimal conditions, these trees can continue to ascend until they reach a maximum height of approximately 42.67 meters. Such significant vertical development makes it a notable feature within its natural habitat.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Mitragyna stipulosa serves as a significant source of various triterpenoids found within its bark extracts. Phytochemical investigations have revealed that this plant contains quinovic acid, along with several of its glycoside derivatives. In addition to these compounds, the species is characterized by the presence of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. The chemical profile is further enriched by alpha-amyrin and beta-sitosterol glucopyranoside. These identified constituents highlight the complex biochemical makeup of the Mitragyna stipulosa plant.
Conditions
Mitragyna stipulosa possesses significant medicinal properties, including vibriocidal activity against the pathogen Vibrio cholerae. Research indicates that this plant is one of several local herbs capable of exhibiting antimicrobial action to help control cholera. Furthermore, phytochemical investigations of its bark have identified quinovic acid glycosides as potent natural inhibitors. These specific compounds found within Mitragyna stipulosa demonstrate significant inhibitory activity against snake venom phosphodiesterase I. Consequently, the plant serves as a valuable source of substances that target both bacterial infections and specific venom enzymes.