Indian Cork Tree

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Indian Cork Tree

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Millingtonia dubiosa
• Bignonia hortensis
• Bignonia cicutaria
• Bignonia azedarachta

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. It is further categorized under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Lamiales. Finally, it is a member of the family Bignoniaceae and falls under the genus Millingtonia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a wide geographical distribution across several distinct regions in Asia. Within the Indian Subcontinent, it can be found growing in both India and Bangladesh. Its range extends further into the Indo-China region, specifically encompassing the Andaman Islands. In East Asia, the species is located throughout South-Central China. Additionally, the plant is distributed across the Arabian Peninsula, including the various Gulf States.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Millingtoniia hortensis is characterized by its status as a perennial species, ensuring its long-term presence within its ecological niche through multiple growing seasons. As a phanerophyte, its reproductive buds are elevated on woody stems well above the ground, a structural adaptation that defines its life form. Specifically, it functions as a phanerophyte, maintaining its photosynthetic and reproductive structures on significant aerial branches, which allows it to thrive in various tropical and subtropical environments.

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Millingtoniia hortensis is characterized by a robust growth form as a woody tree. It functions as an independent organism rather than a parasite, maintaining its own nutritional processes without reliance on a host. In terms of its ecological positioning and structural habits, it is a terrestrial species rather than an epiphyte. While some plant species may exhibit climbing behaviors, this taxon is defined by its solid, upright tree architecture, distinguishing it from lianas, vines, or self-supporting climbers.

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Parasite :

independent

Woodiness :

woody

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Millingtonia hortensis has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include flower.

Flower

1. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research

Chemicals

Millingtonia hortensis has 1 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Hispidulin.

Hispidulin

1. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research

Activities

Millingtonia hortensis has 4 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antiaging, Antimicrobial, Cholagogue, Tonic.

Antiaging

1. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research

Antimicrobial

1. Die Naturwissenschaften

Cholagogue

1. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

Tonic

1. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

Conditions

Millingtonia hortensis has 6 reported investigations on conditions identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Alzheimer's disease, asthma, cellular senescence, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disease.

Alzheimer's disease

1. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research

Asthma

1. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

Cellular senescence

1. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research

Diabetes mellitus

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Neurodegenerative disease

1. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research

Sinusitis

1. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

Preparations

Millingtonia hortensis has 4 reported preparations identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include aqueous extract, aqueous crude extract, ethanol extracts, three aqueous fractions.

Aqueous extract

1. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research
2. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

Aqueous crude extract

1. Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

Ethanol extracts

1. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

Three aqueous fractions

1. Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)