Matricaria chamomilla

Chamomile

Matricaria chamomilla, commonly known as German chamomile, is a cherished medicinal herb celebrated for its soothing properties. Renowned for its delicate, daisy-like flowers, this plant offers potent anti-inflammatory and sedative benefits. Widely used in teas and essential oils, it effectively eases digestive discomfort, reduces anxiety, and promotes restful sleep.

  • Scientific name: Matricaria chamomilla
  • Family: Asteraceae
  • Native range: Europe

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Matricaria chamomilla, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is categorized under the order Asterales. Finally, it is classified under the family Asteraceae and the genus Matricaria.

Rank Classification Source
Kingdom Plantae WCVP
Phylum Streptophyta WCVP
Class Equisetopsida WCVP
Subclass Magnoliidae WCVP
Order Asterales WCVP
Family Asteraceae WCVP
Genus Matricaria WCVP

Common Names

This plant, known scientifically as Matricaria chamomilla, is recognized by various traditional and regional names across the globe. In German-speaking or international contexts, it is often referred to by its botanical associations, but in specific languages, it carries unique identities: in Luxembourgish, it is called Kaméil, while in Chinese, it is known as 德國洋甘菊. Moving through Europe, it is referred to as rumianek pospolity in Polish, Kamamila in Basque, and orvosi székfű in Hungarian.
Language Common Name Source
lb Kaméil Wikidata
zh 德國洋甘菊 Wikidata
pl rumianek pospolity Wikidata
eu Kamamila Wikidata
hu orvosi székfű Wikidata
et Teekummel Wikidata
sq Kamomili Wikidata
ba Шифалы ромашка Wikidata
nl echte kamille Wikidata
sv kamomill Wikidata

Distribution

This plant, known as Matricaria chamomilla, maintains a significant presence across various regions of Northern Europe. It can be found growing naturally within the landscapes of Denmark. Its distribution also extends to the northern territories of Finland. Furthermore, the species is commonly documented throughout Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, it is a recognized part of the flora in Norway.

Region Area Source
Northern Europe Denmark WCVP
Northern Europe Finland WCVP
Northern Europe Great Britain WCVP
Northern Europe Ireland WCVP
Northern Europe Norway WCVP
Northern Europe Sweden WCVP
Middle Europe Austria WCVP
Middle Europe Belgium WCVP
Middle Europe Czechia-Slovakia WCVP
Middle Europe Germany WCVP

Plant Parts

This plant, known scientifically as Matricaria chamomilla, is primarily utilized for its therapeutic properties found within its various aerial parts. The most significant medicinal component is found in the flowers, which are characterized by a distinct structure featuring yellow disc florets surrounded by prominent white ray florets. These blossoms are borne upon slender, herbaceous stems that support the overall growth of the plant's shoots.
Total parts
18
Scientific sources
25
Plant Part Sources Confidence
flowers 7 ★★★★☆
aerial parts 2 ★☆☆☆☆
white ray florets 1 ★☆☆☆☆
stems 1 ★☆☆☆☆
shoots 1 ★☆☆☆☆
roots 1 ★☆☆☆☆
ray florets 1 ★☆☆☆☆
processing waste 1 ★☆☆☆☆
inflorescences 1 ★☆☆☆☆
flower extract 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Chemicals

Matricaria chamomilla has 102 reported phytochemicals identified across 170 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include apigenin, flavonoids, Cd, chamazulene, Pb.

Total chemicals
102
Scientific sources
170

Most Reported Compounds

Compound Sources Confidence
apigenin 14 ★★★★★
flavonoids 7 ★★★★☆
Cd 5 ★★★☆☆
chamazulene 5 ★★★☆☆
Pb 4 ★★☆☆☆
luteolin 4 ★★☆☆☆
Cu 3 ★★☆☆☆
Ni 3 ★★☆☆☆
cadmium 3 ★★☆☆☆
chamomile 3 ★★☆☆☆

Activities

Matricaria chamomilla has 32 reported activities identified across 84 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Sedative, Analgesic.

Total activities
32
Scientific sources
84

Most Reported Activities

Activity Sources Confidence
Antioxidant 19 ★★★★★
Antimicrobial 11 ★★★★★
Antibacterial 6 ★★★☆☆
Sedative 6 ★★★☆☆
Analgesic 4 ★★☆☆☆
Anticancer 4 ★★☆☆☆
Spasmolytic 4 ★★☆☆☆
Antifungal 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Antiinflammatory 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Antispasmodic 2 ★☆☆☆☆

Medicinal Uses

Matricaria chamomilla has 91 reported medicinal uses identified across 125 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, anxiety, pain, asthma.

Total uses
91
Scientific sources
125

Most Reported Uses

Use Sources Confidence
gastrointestinal disorders 7 ★★★★☆
inflammation 6 ★★★☆☆
anxiety 4 ★★☆☆☆
pain 4 ★★☆☆☆
asthma 3 ★★☆☆☆
insomnia 3 ★★☆☆☆
ulcerative colitis 3 ★★☆☆☆
COVID-19 2 ★☆☆☆☆
common cold 2 ★☆☆☆☆
cough 2 ★☆☆☆☆