Mammea siamensis
Mammea siamensis · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (2 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Mammea siamensis is a botanical species recognized for its diverse pharmacological potential and unique chemical profile. Research involving ethanolic extracts from dried twigs and flowers has revealed a rich composition of bioactive compounds, including coumarins, mammea A/AA cyclo F, 1,5-dihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone, and 1,6-dihydroxyxanthone. These chemical constituents contribute to significant biological activities, most notably antimalarial and antimicrobial properties. Specifically, the plant's extracts have demonstrated efficacy against various pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, its chemical makeup shows promise in biological conditions involving aromatase inhibition.
- Synonyms
- Ochrocarpos Siamensis · Ochrocarpos Siamensis Var. Odoratissimus · 2 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Calophyllaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Flower
Classification
Common Names
Mammea siamensis is a distinctive tropical tree that is widely recognized by its local Thai name, สารภี. This species holds a special place in regional culture and is often cherished for its unique botanical characteristics. Throughout Southeast Asia, the plant is frequently integrated into traditional landscapes and local ecosystems. Understanding its identity through both its scientific and common names helps enthusiasts appreciate its specific heritage. By connecting the name สารภี to this scientific classification, one can better explore the rich biodiversity it represents.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Mammea siamensis is a botanical species that has been documented under several different scientific names throughout history. Taxonomists have previously identified this plant as Calysaccion siamense and Mammea birmannica. Furthermore, the species is closely linked to the name Ochrocarpos siamensis in various botanical records. It is also recognized by the specific variation known as Ochrocarpos siamensis var. odoratissimus. Understanding these taxonomic synonyms is essential for accurate identification and study within the plant kingdom.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Mammea siamensis is a fascinating botanical specimen that belongs to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological realm, the species is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further descends through the order Malpighiales, showcasing its specific evolutionary lineage. As a member of the Calophyllaceae family, it shares traits with many other diverse woody plants. Finally, its unique identity is solidified by its placement within the genus Mammea.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Malpighiales |
| Family | Calophyllaceae |
| Genus | Mammea |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Mammea siamensis is a tropical species primarily distributed throughout the diverse landscapes of Southeast Asia. This plant can be found thriving across the Indo-China region, spanning several distinct national territories. Specifically, its natural habitat includes the lush environments of Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar. It also maintains a significant presence within the borders of Thailand and Vietnam. Collectively, these locations highlight the widespread ecological footprint of the species across the Asian tropics.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Mammea siamensis grows in the form of a sturdy tree. This species is entirely self-supporting, maintaining its structure without the need for external assistance.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Mammea siamensis is a medicinal plant from the Calophyllaceae family that demonstrates significant therapeutic potential in pharmacological studies. Research into its floral extracts has revealed potent antimalarial activity, specifically targeting chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Molecular docking studies further suggest that certain isolated xanthones from the plant can effectively inhibit the PfLDH enzyme. In addition to these properties, the plant exhibits strong antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. These findings highlight the importance of M. siamensis as a key ingredient in traditional Thai remedies used for treating infections.
Compounds
Mammea siamensis is a medicinal plant from the Calophyllaceae family that contains a diverse array of bioactive secondary metabolites. Scientific investigations have identified several specific coumarins within the species, including mammea A/AA cyclo F. Furthermore, the plant is a rich source of various xanthones, such as 2-hydroxyxanthone, 4-hydroxyxanthone, and 5-hydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone. These chemical constituents contribute to the plant's significant biological activities, ranging from antimalarial potential to cytotoxicity. Ultimately, the presence of these specific compounds highlights the therapeutic importance of Mammea siamensis in traditional Thai medicine and modern pharmacology.
Conditions
Mammea siamensis demonstrates significant therapeutic potential through its ability to treat CCRF-CEM leukemia cells. The plant also shows effectiveness in treating HCT-116 colon cancer and HeLa cervical cancer cell lines. Furthermore, its bioactive components are capable of treating MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Beyond direct cytotoxicity, Mammea siamensis also treats P-glycoprotein function by inhibiting its transport to help overcome multidrug resistance. These combined properties highlight the plant's versatile role in targeting various cancer types and modulating cellular resistance mechanisms.
Preparations
Mammea siamensis is prepared as dried twigs to allow for the isolation of unusual pyranocoumarins. This plant is also prepared as an ethanolic extract to demonstrate high antimicrobial activity against various Staphylococcus species. Furthermore, it is prepared as ethanolic extracts to exhibit significant cytotoxic activity against ovarian and cervical carcinoma cell lines. The plant is further prepared as extracts for studies investigating its potential as a lead component in traditional Thai medicine remedies. Finally, Mammea siamensis is prepared as flower extracts to evaluate its ability to inhibit P-glycoprotein function and show cytotoxicity against multiple cancer cell lines.
Parts used
Mammea siamensis is a medicinal plant native to Thailand that possesses significant therapeutic potential. Research indicates that its flowers serve as a rich source of various bioactive compounds, including several unique geranylated coumarins. Specifically, chemical constituents such as kayeassamin A and mammeasins have been successfully isolated from these floral extracts. These isolated substances demonstrate impressive biological activities, ranging from the inhibition of testosterone 5α-reductase to the induction of apoptosis in leukemia cells. Consequently, the flowers of this species remain a vital subject of study for discovering new pharmacological agents.