Lonchocarpus cultratus
Lonchocarpus cultratus · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Lonchocarpus cultratus is a botanical species recognized for its unique chemical profile and potential medicinal properties. Scientific investigations into the plant have successfully isolated several bioactive compounds, including 4-hydroxy-n-methylproline and 8-Prenylpinocembrin. Furthermore, the presence of triterpenoids such as Lupeol and Lupenone highlights its complex phytochemical makeup. These specific constituents contribute to the plant's distinctive biological activity and scientific interest. Understanding these chemical markers is essential for exploring the therapeutic possibilities offered by this species.
- Synonyms
- Lonchocarpus Neuroscapha · Neuroscapha Pubigera · 10 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Fabaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Lonchocarpus cultratus is a versatile botanical species known by several distinct regional names. In various local contexts, it is frequently referred to as Embira-de-carrapato or Embira-de-sapo. It is also commonly identified as Falso-timbó, a name that highlights its specific characteristics. Furthermore, the plant is recognized under the designations Guaianã and Ingá-bravo. These diverse common names reflect the deep cultural and linguistic connections shared across its different habitats.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Lonchocarpus cultratus is a botanical species characterized by a complex network of taxonomic synonyms. Within scientific literature, it is frequently identified by the name Derris guilleminiana, as well as the specific variety Derris guilleminiana var. pubigera. The plant is also recognized under the synonym Lonchocarpus guilleminianus, highlighting different historical classifications. Furthermore, researchers may encounter it listed as Lonchocarpus neuroscapha or its distinct variation, Lonchocarpus neuroscapha var. glabrescens. Understanding these various nomenclatural relationships is essential for ensuring accuracy in botanical studies and plant identification.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Lonchocarpus cultratus is a distinct biological entity belonging to the vast kingdom Plantae. Within this expansive realm, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida, marking its place among the vascular plants. The species is further organized into the order Fabales, showcasing its specific evolutionary lineage. It holds a position within the diverse genus Lonchocarpus, which helps scientists identify its closest relatives. Finally, its membership in the family Fabaceae connects it to the well-known group of legume plants.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Lonchocarpus |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Lonchocarpus cultratus is a plant species primarily found within the vast landscapes of South America. It maintains a significant presence across Brazil, demonstrating a wide and diverse geographic range. This species can be located in the Northeast, South, and Southeast regions of the country. Furthermore, its distribution extends into the North and West-Central territories of Brazil. Such widespread occurrence highlights the adaptability of the plant across various Brazilian environments.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Lonchocarpus cultratus is a self-supporting tree that establishes a robust presence within its ecosystem. This species is characterized by its distinct growth form, which allows it to thrive as a sturdy woody plant. Depending on the specific environmental conditions, the height of the tree can vary significantly. It typically reaches a maximum height of 15 m, though some individuals may grow as tall as 30 m.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Lonchocarpus cultratus is a member of the Fabaceae family that possesses a diverse profile of secondary metabolites. Phytopharmacological investigations of its aerial parts have successfully identified several key chemical constituents. Among these isolated compounds are the alkaloid 4-hydroxy-N-methylproline and the flavanone 8-prenylpinocembrin. Additionally, the plant contains the triterpenes lupeol and lupenone, which contribute to its complex chemical makeup. The presence of isocordoin further characterizes the unique phytochemical composition of this species.
Conditions
Lonchocarpus cultratus exhibits significant antiproliferative activity against various human cancer cell lines. Phytopharmacological investigations of its aerial parts revealed several key secondary metabolites capable of inhibiting cell growth. Specifically, the hexanic fraction and the isolated chalcone 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-prenylchalcone demonstrated potent results in these tests. This chemical profile suggests that the plant contains specific compounds with therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. The identification of these bioactive constituents underscores the plant's ability to affect human cancer cell proliferation.