lance-leaved tiger lily

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• lance-leaved tiger lily
• tiger lily
• Easter lily
• devil lily
• kentan
• martagon

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Lilium lancifolium melpomene
• Lilium tigrinum fortunei
• Lilium tigrinum var. plenescens
• Lilium tigrinum var. splendens
• Lilium lishmannii
• Lilium lancifolium var. flaviflorum
• Lilium leopoldii
• Lilium tigrinum
• Lilium lancifolium var. splendens
• Lilium lancifolium var. fortunei
• Lilium lancifolium var. densum
• Lilium tigrinum var. erectum

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Liliales, it is further categorized into the family Liliaceae. Finally, it is identified by the genus Lilium, specifically as the species Lilium lancifolium.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad presence across several distinct regions of the European continent. In Middle Europe, its range can be identified within the borders of Austria. Moving toward the southeast, the species is also documented throughout Bulgaria. The distribution extends significantly into Eastern Europe, where it inhabits Central European Russia. Finally, its geographical reach encompasses both East European Russia and South European Russia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Lilium lancifolium is characterized by its preference for lowland environments, where it thrives in well-drained, nutrient-rich soils. Within these low-lying regions, the species typically colonizes open areas such as forest edges, meadows, and sunny slopes, requiring significant exposure to sunlight to facilitate its growth and flowering cycles. It demonstrates a high degree of adaptability to temperate climates, often establishing itself in habitats that provide a balance of moisture and aeration to support its bulbous root system. The plant's distribution within these lowland ecosystems is influenced by its ability to compete for light and space, often flourishing in disturbed sites or transitional zones where soil organic matter is sufficient to sustain its vigorous perennial lifecycle.

Habitat :

Lowland

Life history

The life history of Lilium lancifolium is characterized by a perennial lifecycle, allowing the plant to persist through multiple growing seasons. As a geophyte, it survives unfavorable environmental conditions by storing nutrients and energy within specialized underground structures, such as bulbs, which remain protected beneath the soil surface. This survival strategy is further categorized under the life form of a cryptophyte, meaning its essential regenerative organs are concealed underground, ensuring its longevity and ability to re-emerge annually once favorable conditions return.

Life form :

geophyte

Life form :

cryptophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Lilium lancifolium is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb, specifically classified as a forb. This plant is a self-supporting species that does not function as a climber or a liana, and it grows as an independent organism rather than a parasite or an epiphyte, maintaining a terrestrial existence. In terms of stature, it exhibits a variable plant height ranging from a minimum of 0.01 m to a maximum of 1.2 m, with an average height of approximately 0.9 m.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Growth form :

forb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

1.2 m

Plant height mean:

0.9 m

Plant height min:

0.01 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiological profile of Lilium lancifolium is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which governs its carbon fixation processes and energy production. The foliage displays a highly specialized morphology, featuring oblanceolate leaf forms with entire margins and a complete absence of protective structures such as thorns or spines. The leaf dimensions are consistent and relatively narrow, maintaining a uniform width of 1.5 cm (ranging from a minimum to a maximum of 1.5 cm) and reaching a maximum length of 10.5 cm. This specific structural configuration and metabolic pathway support its growth and resource management within its ecological niche.

Leaf form :

oblanceolate

Leaf length max:

10.5 cm

Leaf margin :

entire

Leaf spines :

no

Leaf thorns :

no

Leaf width mean:

1.5 cm

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Reproduction

The reproduction of Lilium lancifolium involves both sexual and asexual mechanisms to ensure its survival and propagation. The flowering period, which facilitates sexual reproduction through pollination, typically begins in July and continues through September. In addition to this seasonal flowering cycle, the plant is capable of asexual reproduction, which allows for vegetative propagation and the establishment of new individuals without the necessity of seed production.

Flowering time :

Jul

Flowering time :

Sep

Reproduction asexual :

present

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Lilium lancifolium has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf.

Leaf

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Chemicals

Lilium lancifolium has 16 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Regaloside A, REGALOSIDE E, Regaloside C, colchicine, (25R)-spirost-5-ene-3beta-yl-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside.

Regaloside A

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
3. Journal of the science of food and agriculture

REGALOSIDE E

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. Journal of the science of food and agriculture

Regaloside C

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

colchicine

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

(25R)-spirost-5-ene-3beta-yl-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

CHLOROPHYLL

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Daucosterol

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

NAPHTHALENEACETIC ACID

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Regaloside B

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis

SE

1. Frontiers in plant science

Activities

Lilium lancifolium has 1 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant.

Antioxidant

1. Actas urologicas espanolas
2. Journal of food biochemistry

Conditions

Lilium lancifolium has 3 reported investigations on conditions identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include bronchitis, cancer, pneumonia.

Bronchitis

1. Journal of food biochemistry

Cancer

1. Journal of Cancer

Pneumonia

1. Journal of food biochemistry

Preparations

Lilium lancifolium has 3 reported preparations identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include bulbs, bulbs extract, fresh fleshy scaleleaf.

Bulbs

1. Frontiers in plant science

Bulbs extract

1. Journal of food biochemistry

Fresh fleshy scaleleaf

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica