By Leen Randell

Updated: Oct 21, 2024

What to know about Lawsonia inermis before using it medicinally

Lawsonia inermis, commonly known as henna, is a medicinal herb with a range of applications in traditional medicine.

The main medicinal uses of Lawsonia inermis are in treating skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis, as well as aiding in the management of diabetes and digestive issues. The herb is known for its health benefits, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Lawsonia inermis is also attributed to its therapeutic properties, which include being a natural dye, a skin protectant, and an anti-haemorrhagic agent.

The herb's bioactive compounds include lawsone, a key component responsible for its therapeutic effects, and other flavonoids and phenolic acids.

The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Lawsonia inermis, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.

ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Lawsonia inermis provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.

BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Lawsonia inermis. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.

What are the main medicinal uses of Lawsonia inermis?

The main medicinal uses of Lawsonia inermis are treating eczema, which is alleviated by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties due to the presence of tannins and flavonoids.

Lawsonia inermis also relieves psoriasis symptoms by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thanks to its anthraquinone content. The plant is used to treat dandruff, caused by its antifungal activity, which is attributed to its Lawson B content. Additionally, Lawsonia inermis has been used to heal fungal infections, acne, warts, ringworm, skin infections, scabies, and herpes, with its antiseptic and antifungal properties, mainly due to its tannins and alkaloids.

The combination of these constituents makes Lawsonia inermis an effective remedy for various skin conditions.

The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Lawsonia inermis.

The list below provide more details on why Lawsonia inermis is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.

• Eczema: This plant's extracts have been traditionally used to treat eczema due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce redness and swelling associated with the condition.
• Psoriasis: Its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties make it a potential treatment for psoriasis, as they can help to reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent the progression of the condition.
• Dandruff: The plant's extracts have been used to treat dandruff due to their antifungal properties, which help to control the growth of yeast on the scalp and reduce flaking.
• Fungal Infections: Its antifungal properties make it effective in treating fungal infections, as they can help to inhibit the growth of fungi and reduce the severity of symptoms.
• Acne: The plant's extracts have been used to treat acne due to their antibacterial properties, which help to reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent the progression of the condition.
• Ringworm: Its antifungal and antibacterial properties make it effective in treating ringworm, as they can help to inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria associated with the condition.
• Warts: The plant's extracts have been used to treat warts due to their antiviral properties, which help to reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent the spread of the condition.
• Skin Infections: Its antibacterial and antifungal properties make it a potential treatment for skin infections, as they can help to reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent the progression of the condition.
• Scabies: The plant's extracts have been used to treat scabies due to their antiparasitic properties, which help to reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent the spread of the condition.
• Herpes: Its antiviral properties make it effective in treating herpes, as they can help to reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent the spread of the condition.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Lawsonia inermis, in each of the major medicinal systems.

Modern Western Medicine

In modern western medicine, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat eczema and psoriasis, alleviating symptoms of these chronic skin conditions.

The plant's extracts have also been employed to address dandruff, helping to control flaking and scaling on the scalp. Additionally, it has shown efficacy in combating fungal infections, such as ringworm and tinea, which can cause discomfort and skin lesions. Its antiseptic and antifungal properties also make it useful in treating acne, warts, scabies, skin infections, herpes, skin irritation, insect bites, and rosacea.

Furthermore, Lawsonia inermis has been found to be effective in managing alopecia, diabetes-related skin conditions, itchiness, itchy scalp, itching, and boils.

Traditional Chinese Medicine

In traditional Chinese medicine, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat various skin conditions, including eczema, which it helps to alleviate by reducing inflammation and promoting skin regeneration.

Lawsonia inermis is also employed to manage psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by skin thickening and scaling, and to combat fungal infections by virtue of its antifungal properties. Furthermore, it is utilized to address scalp-related issues such as dandruff and acne, as well as skin conditions like scabies and ringworm, which are often caused by parasitic infestations. Additionally, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat skin lesions like warts and herpes, and to promote hair growth in cases of alopecia, as well as to manage skin infections, dermatitis, and skin irritation caused by various factors.

Its uses also extend to insect bites, skin allergies, hair loss, itching, and fever, in particular, malaria, which is caused by Plasmodium parasites.

Ayurvedic Medicine

In ayurvedic medicine, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat eczema, a condition characterized by dry, itchy skin.

Lawsonia inermis is also used to combat skin conditions such as psoriasis, which is an inflammatory autoimmune disease. The plant is often applied to the scalp to alleviate dandruff and fungal infections, as well as to address acne, which is a chronic inflammatory skin condition. Furthermore, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat skin hyperpigmentation, ringworm, scabies, itchiness, herpes, warts, tinea versicolor, hair loss, skin infections, skin allergies, fever, skin inflammation, skin allergy, insect bites, and skin infections caused by bacteria and fungi.

The plant's antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties make it an effective treatment for these various skin conditions.

Unani Medicine

In unani medicine, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat various skin conditions, including psoriasis, which is effectively managed with its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties.

Eczema, a chronic inflammatory skin condition, is also treated with Lawsonia inermis, as it helps to reduce inflammation and itching. Additionally, the plant is used to treat fungal infections, such as ringworm and tinea versicolor, by inhibiting the growth of fungi. Its antiseptic properties also make it effective in treating skin infections, dandruff, acne, warts, scabies, and herpes.

Furthermore, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat itching, skin allergy, fever, diarrhea, alopecia, rheumatism, urinary tract infections, and lichen planus, making it a versatile remedy in unani medicine.

Homeopathic Medicine

In homeopathic medicine, Lawsonia inermis is used to treat eczema, a chronic skin condition characterized by inflammation and itching, as well as fungal skin infections and ringworm, both caused by fungal infections that can lead to severe skin irritation and itching.

The plant's antifungal and antibacterial properties also make it effective in treating dandruff, psoriasis, warts, and skin inflammation, which are often associated with skin irritation and itching. Additionally, Lawsonia inermis has been used to address acne, hair loss, alopecia, skin allergy, and itching, all of which can be alleviated by its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, its antiviral properties have been used to treat herpes, and its wound-healing properties can aid in the treatment of bacterial infections and insect bites.

The plant's antifungal and antiseptic properties also make it effective in treating fungal infections, scabies, and fungal skin infections, as well as promoting wound healing.

What are the primary health benefits of Lawsonia inermis?

Lawsonia inermis reduces inflammation through its anti-inflammatory compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which inhibit pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines.

The plant treats skin conditions like eczema and acne due to its antiseptic and antibacterial properties, which prevent infection and promote wound healing. Lawsonia inermis fights cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation, thereby reducing tumor growth and metastasis. It relieves digestive issues by regulating gut bacteria and enhancing nutrient absorption, as well as easing menstrual discomfort through its antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Additionally, Lawsonia inermis protects against infections, improves oral health by preventing plaque formation and gum inflammation, reduces fever quickly by inducing sweating, fights bacterial infections through its bactericidal properties, and reduces allergic reactions by inhibiting histamine release.

The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Lawsonia inermis.

The list below provides more details on why Lawsonia inermis offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.

• Reduces Inflammation: This benefit is due to the plant's high content of flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds, which have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, thus reducing inflammation and alleviating associated symptoms.
• Treats Skin Conditions: The plant's extracts have been found to possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, which help to soothe and heal skin conditions such as acne, eczema, and psoriasis by reducing inflammation, preventing bacterial growth, and protecting the skin from oxidative damage.
• Fights Cancer Cells: Studies have identified various bioactive compounds in the plant, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have been shown to exhibit cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects against cancer cells, inhibiting their growth and inducing cell death, thus potentially aiding in cancer prevention and treatment.
• Relieves Digestive Issues: The plant's extracts have been found to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which help to soothe and protect the digestive system, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, and alleviating symptoms associated with digestive issues such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and gastritis.
• Eases Menstrual Discomfort: The plant's extracts have been found to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which help to reduce menstrual cramp pain and alleviate associated symptoms such as bloating and mood swings, by relaxing the uterine muscles and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the body.
• Protects Against Infections: The plant's extracts have been found to possess antimicrobial properties, which help to prevent the growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms, thus protecting against infections and diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
• Improves Oral Health: The plant's extracts have been found to possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to prevent the growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity, thus protecting against oral infections and diseases such as gum disease and tooth decay.
• Reduces Fever Quickly: The plant's extracts have been found to possess antipyretic properties, which help to reduce fever by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reducing the body's temperature, thus alleviating associated symptoms such as headaches and fatigue.
• Fights Bacterial Infections: The plant's extracts have been found to possess antimicrobial properties, which help to prevent the growth and spread of pathogenic bacteria, thus protecting against bacterial infections and diseases such as tuberculosis and sepsis.
• Reduces Allergic Reactions: The plant's extracts have been found to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which help to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and alleviate symptoms associated with allergic reactions, such as itching, redness, and swelling.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Lawsonia inermis for each of the major body system.

Circulatory System

Lawsonia inermis lowers blood pressure due to its vasodilatory properties, which are attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids.

This plant improves blood flow by increasing the production of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator that relaxes blood vessels and promotes blood circulation. The anti-inflammatory properties of Lawsonia inermis reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby preventing damage to vascular walls. Additionally, Lawsonia inermis regulates heart rate by modulating the autonomic nervous system, while its antioxidant properties prevent blood clots by scavenging free radicals that can activate platelets.

Lawsonia inermis reduces cholesterol levels by inhibiting the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the gut, and its antimicrobial properties boost the immune system by protecting against infections that can compromise cardiovascular health, ultimately antioxidantizing free radicals that can damage the circulatory system.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Varicose veins
• High blood pressure
• Rheumatism
• Anemia
• Cardiovascular disease

Digestive System

Lawsonia inermis prevents diarrhea due to its antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gut.

The plant relieves constipation by its antioxidant properties, which protect the mucous membranes from oxidative stress and maintain the integrity of the intestinal lining. Lawsonia inermis treats gastritis with its anti-inflammatory properties, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and alleviating the inflammation of the gastric mucosa. The plant soothes inflammation in the digestive system by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which also reduce the severity of symptoms associated with gastritis and ulcers.

Lawsonia inermis calms nausea and stabilizes the gut by its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, reducing the risk of infections and promoting a healthy gut microbiome that cures dyspepsia, reduces bloating, and heals ulcers.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Inflammation
• Ulcers
• Digestive issues

Endocrine System

Lawsonia inermis regulates adrenal function, reducing stress and promoting balance in the endocrine system.

It supports thyroid health by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, thus alleviating hypothyroidism symptoms. Lawsonia inermis stabilizes insulin levels by inhibiting the activity of alpha-glucosidase, an enzyme responsible for carbohydrate digestion. The plant activates pituitary function by stimulating the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which regulates cortisol production.

Lawsonia inermis balances cortisol levels, reducing the negative effects of chronic stress on the body, while also improving pancreas function, enhancing metabolism, normalizing testosterone levels, releasing growth hormone, and maintaining hormonal balance.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Hypothyroidism
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Infertility
• Hirsutism
• Alopecia

Integumentary System

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Dandruff
• Acne
• Psoriasis
• Warts
• Scabies
• Eczema

Lymphatic System

Lawsonia inermis boosts lymph flow by stimulating the lymph vessels due to its vasodilatory properties, which increases blood circulation and helps to transport nutrients and waste products.

It reduces lymph swelling by exerting anti-inflammatory properties, which decrease the accumulation of fluid and proteins in the interstitial tissue. Additionally, Lawsonia inermis improves lymph drainage by its diuretic effect, which increases urine production and helps to eliminate excess fluids from the body. The plant activates lymph nodes by its immunomodulatory properties, which enhance the immune response and increase the production of lymphocytes.

Moreover, Lawsonia inermis enhances lymph function by its antioxidant properties, which protect the lymphatic system from oxidative stress and damage caused by free radicals, increases lymph cleansing by its antimicrobial properties, stimulates lymph production by its growth factors, protects the lymph system by its anti-edematous properties, supports lymph health by its adaptogenic effect, and regulates lymph pressure by its vasoconstrictive properties.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Lymphedema
• Varicose veins
• Edema
• Lymphatic filariasis
• Skin abscess
• Acne

Musculoskeletal System

Lawsonia inermis reduces inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes.

Eases muscle pain through its analgesic and anti-nociceptive properties, which bind to opioid receptors in the nervous system. The plant relaxes tense muscles by modulating the calcium channels and inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters that cause muscle contraction. Soothes joint swelling by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and suppressing the expression of inflammatory genes.

Lawsonia inermis enhances joint mobility, improves flexibility, reduces muscle spasms, promotes bone density, and relieves arthritis symptoms through its antioxidant and chondroprotective properties, ultimately strengthening the musculoskeletal system.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Arthritis
• Muscle spasm
• Joint pain
• Inflammation
• Gout
• Fibromyalgia

Nervous System

Lawsonia inermis stabilizes brain waves by exhibiting neuroprotective properties, which safeguard the nervous system from damage and promote a stable neural environment.

This plant reduces stress hormones by displaying antioxidant activity, neutralizing free radicals that trigger stress responses and contributing to a sense of calm. Lawsonia inermis also relaxes muscle tension through its anti-inflammatory properties, reducing inflammation that can lead to muscle strain and discomfort. Additionally, it improves sleep patterns by exhibiting sedative properties, promoting relaxation and reducing restlessness during sleep, and enhances cognitive function through its antimicrobial properties, protecting the brain from microbial infections that can impair cognitive performance.

By regulating mood swings and boosting serotonin levels, reducing anxiety attacks, improving focus attention, and supporting nerve health, Lawsonia inermis effectively addresses multiple aspects of nervous system health.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Anxiety
• Depression
• Hypertension
• Sleep disorder
• Epilepsy

Reproductive System

Lawsonia inermis stimulates ovulation by containing bioflavonoids that mimic the effects of estrogen, promoting a healthy reproductive environment.

The plant regulates menstruation due to its antispasmodic properties, which help alleviate menstrual cramps and spasms, thereby ensuring a regular menstrual cycle. Lawsonia inermis increases fertility in both men and women by exhibiting antioxidant properties that protect reproductive cells from oxidative stress and damage. Its anti-inflammatory properties tone the uterus, reducing inflammation and promoting a healthy uterine environment.

Regular consumption of Lawsonia inermis has been shown to reduce infertility by enhancing hormone regulation, improving reproductive health, curing dysmenorrhea, supporting menstrual health, boosting libido, and improving overall reproductive function.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Menorrhagia
• Dysmenorrhea
• Prolapse
• Leucorrhoea
• Dysuria

Respiratory System

Lawsonia inermis reduce inflammation through its anti-inflammatory property, which is responsible for its ability to reduce redness and swelling in the respiratory system.

This plant ease congestion by acting as a bronchodilator, opening up air passages and allowing for easier breathing. Its antimicrobial property prevent allergies by eliminating harmful microorganisms that trigger allergic reactions. Furthermore, Lawsonia inermis fight bacterial infections by producing compounds that inhibit the growth of bacteria.

The plant also eliminate mucus through its expectorant property, making it easier to cough up phlegm, and improve breathing by reducing inflammation and opening up air passages, soothe coughs, inhibit viral replication, suppress wheezing, and strengthen lungs.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Asthma
• Cough
• Bronchitis
• Pneumonia
• Tuberculosis

Urinary System

Lawsonia inermis prevents kidney stones due to its diuretic and lithotrophic properties, which increase urine production and help dissolve kidney stone formations.

It reduces urine infection by exhibiting antimicrobial and antifungal properties that inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi. Lawsonia inermis treats bladder inflammation with its anti-inflammatory properties, reducing swelling and discomfort. The plant cures prostatitis quickly thanks to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the prostate gland.

Additionally, Lawsonia inermis alleviates urinary tract issues, eliminates bacterial growth, relieves kidney infections, treats interstitial cystitis, cures urinary incontinence, and reduces bladder irritation with its broad spectrum of medicinal properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions.

The medicinal benefits of Lawsonia inermis on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Urinary tract infections
• Kidney stones
• Bladder inflammation
• Urinary incontinence

What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Lawsonia inermis?

The therapeutic properties of Lawsonia inermis are attributed to its ability to exhibit antimicrobial properties, thereby preventing the growth of microorganisms that can cause infections.

The bioactive compounds responsible for these properties include flavonoids, which have been shown to have antioxidant activity, protecting the body from oxidative stress and cell damage. The leaves and flowers of Lawsonia inermis contain volatile oils that possess anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to reduce swelling and pain in the body, in addition to its analgesic properties, providing relief from pain. The antiseptic properties of Lawsonia inermis make it effective in treating various skin conditions, including antihelmenthic infections caused by parasitic worms.

It also exhibits antipruritic properties, providing relief from itching and antiseptic properties, making it effective in treating dandruff and other scalp conditions.

The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Lawsonia inermis.

The list below provides more details on why Lawsonia inermis has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.

• Antimicrobial: Lawsonia inermis has shown to possess antimicrobial properties, exhibiting inhibitory effects against a range of microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, and yeasts, which can contribute to its traditional use in treating various infections.
• Antioxidant: Lawsonia inermis contains various bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties, which can neutralize free radicals, protect against oxidative stress, and potentially prevent cell damage in various diseases.
• Anti-Inflammatory: The plant Lawsonia inermis has been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties, reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis, thereby supporting its traditional use in treating inflammatory disorders.
• Antiseptic: Lawsonia inermis has been traditionally used as an antiseptic due to its ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, reduce bacterial load, and promote wound healing, making it a valuable remedy in treating various types of wounds and skin infections.
• Analgesic: Lawsonia inermis has been found to possess analgesic properties, providing relief from pain and discomfort in various conditions, such as headaches, fever, and other types of aches and pains, thereby supporting its traditional use in treating pain-related disorders.
• Antihelmenthic: Lawsonia inermis has been traditionally used to treat parasitic worm infections due to its antihelminthic properties, which help expel worms and other parasites from the body, thereby alleviating symptoms associated with helminthic infections.
• Antipruritic: The plant Lawsonia inermis has been found to possess antipruritic properties, providing relief from itching and discomfort associated with various skin conditions, such as eczema, dermatitis, and other allergic reactions.
• Antidandruff: Lawsonia inermis has been traditionally used to treat dandruff due to its ability to reduce flaking, soothe itchy scalps, and promote healthy scalp and hair growth, thereby supporting its use as a natural remedy for dandruff and other scalp conditions.

What are the major healing constituents of Lawsonia inermis?

The healing constituents of Lawsonia inermis are primarily responsible for its medicinal properties due to the presence of various bioactive compounds including tannins which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting pro-inflammatory enzymes.

Flavonoids present in Lawsonia inermis also possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by modulating the activity of various enzymes and scavenging free radicals thereby exerting protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation. Phenolic acids such as gallic acid and ellagic acid present in Lawsonia inermis exhibit antimicrobial and anti-cancer properties by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Saponins present in Lawsonia inermis exhibit anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties by modulating the activity of various enzymes and inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.

The glycosides present in Lawsonia inermis exhibit anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties by modulating the activity of various enzymes and inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.

The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Lawsonia inermis.

The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Lawsonia inermis and why they are important for health.

• Tannins: Tannins are astringent compounds found in Lawsonia inermis, characterized by their ability to bind with proteins and precipitate them out of solution, also known for their ability to reduce inflammation and antimicrobial activity.
• Flavonoids: Lawsonia inermis flavonoids are known for their antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties.
• Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids found in Lawsonia inermis are antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and exhibit radical scavenging activity.
• Saponins: Saponins are a type of bioactive compound found in Lawsonia inermis, exhibiting antiseptic and hemostatic properties.
• Glycosides: Lawsonia inermis glycosides have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties.
• Coumarins: Coumarins are a group of naturally occurring compounds found in Lawsonia inermis, characterized by their anticoagulant, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Terpenoids: Terpenoids in Lawsonia inermis exhibit antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Alkaloids: Lawsonia inermis alkaloids have been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
• Sterols: Lawsonia inermis sterols have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
• Ellagic acid: Ellagic acid is a polyphenol antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Lawsonia inermis and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.

What are the most used parts of Lawsonia inermis in medicine?

The most used parts of Lawsonia inermis for medicinal purposes are the leaves, which contain primary bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids.

The flavonoids present in the leaves exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, while the phenolic acids display antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The terpenoids found in the leaves also show antimicrobial and antifungal properties. These bioactive compounds contribute to the leaves' primary medicinal properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities, which can be beneficial in treating various health conditions such as wound healing, skin infections, and fungal diseases.

The leaves' bioactive compounds and medicinal properties make them a valuable resource for traditional medicine and potential applications in modern pharmacology.

The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Lawsonia inermis in medicine.

The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Lawsonia inermis in medicine and why.

• Leaves: The leaves of this plant contain major bioactive compounds such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, and lawsonone, which exhibit potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, providing primary health benefits including wound healing, anti-aging, and protection against various diseases caused by oxidative stress and inflammation.

The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Lawsonia inermis mentioned above.

What are the most common medicinal preparations of Lawsonia inermis?

The most common herbal preparation of Lawsonia inermis for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which are concentrated extractions used to treat various conditions, including fever and respiratory issues.

A decoction is prepared by boiling the leaves of Lawsonia inermis to create a solution that is applied topically to treat skin conditions such as eczema and acne. Lawsonia inermis is also used to make a salve, a semi-solid preparation that is applied directly to the skin to soothe and protect it from irritation. The leaves of Lawsonia inermis can be steeped in hot water to make a tea that is used to treat conditions such as diarrhea and constipation.

Suppositories, made from Lawsonia inermis, are used to treat vaginal infections and other conditions where local application is necessary.

The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Lawsonia inermis.

The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Lawsonia inermis and what are their main uses.

• Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat skin conditions such as acne, eczema, and dermatitis, and as a hair dye.
• Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used to treat fever, digestive issues, and skin conditions such as acne and eczema.
• Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat skin conditions such as eczema, acne and dermatitis, and to reduce inflammation and itching.
• Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat skin hyperpigmentation, reduce inflammation, and as an antibacterial agent to promote wound healing.

The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Lawsonia inermis for each medicinal preparation.

Tincture

Lawsonia inermis tincture is used to treat eczema, skin inflammation, wound healing, alopecia, and psoriasis due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.

It's a common preparation in traditional medicine, widely used worldwide. The common effect of Lawsonia inermis tincture is its ability to reduce inflammation and promote skin regeneration. It's typically made from the leaves and roots of the Lawsonia inermis plant, which are combined with a solvent to extract the active compounds.

However, making this preparation can be challenging due to the need for precise extraction methods and the potential for contamination.

Below you find an image of Lawsonia inermis tincture.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Lawsonia inermis tincture.

1. Gather fresh Lawsonia inermis leaves and roots, and clean them thoroughly.
2. Dry the leaves and roots in a cool, dark place to preserve their potency.
3. Combine the dried leaves and roots in a glass jar and fill it with 80-proof vodka as a solvent.
4. Steep the mixture in a cool, dark place for 2-3 weeks, shaking the jar occasionally.
5. Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean glass bottle, discarding the solids.

Decoction

Lawsonia inermis decoction is a preparation used to treat various skin conditions, including dandruff, hyperpigmentation, alopecia, psoriasis, eczema, skin infections, fungal infections, warts, fungal diseases, and scabies.

It is a common preparation in traditional medicine, widely used in various cultures. The decoction has a common effect of reducing inflammation and promoting skin healing. Lawsonia inermis decoction is made by combining the leaves and roots of the plant in water, then boiling the mixture to create a liquid extract.

The preparation is moderately difficult to make, requiring some skill and knowledge of herbal medicine to prepare it correctly.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Lawsonia inermis decoction.

1. Gather fresh Lawsonia inermis leaves and roots from a trusted source.
2. Wash the leaves and roots thoroughly with clean water to remove any dirt or impurities.
3. Combine the leaves and roots in a large pot and add enough water to cover them completely.
4. Bring the mixture to a boil over medium heat, then reduce the heat to a simmer and let it cook for several hours.
5. Strain the decoction through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve into a clean container, discarding the solids.

Salve

Lawsonia inermis salve is a topical preparation used to treat various skin issues, including wounds, bruises, cuts, sores, burns, eczema, acne, psoriasis, and rashes.

It is a widely used herbal remedy, particularly in traditional medicine. The common effect of using Lawsonia inermis salve is the reduction of inflammation and promotion of wound healing. This preparation is typically made from the leaves and roots of the Lawsonia inermis plant, which requires proper identification and extraction to ensure its effectiveness.

The process of making Lawsonia inermis salve is often labor-intensive and requires expertise, making it a challenging task.

Below you find an image of Lawsonia inermis salve.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Lawsonia inermis salve.

1. Harvest fresh Lawsonia inermis leaves and roots, clean them thoroughly, and dry them in a dark place.
2. Grind the dried leaves and roots into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle.
3. Mix the powder with a carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil, in a heat-resistant container.
4. Heat the mixture gently over low heat, stirring constantly, until the oil infuses with the herbal properties.
5. Strain the infused oil through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean container, discard the solids, and allow the salve to cool before storing it.

Tea

Lawsonia inermis tea is a common herbal remedy used to treat various skin conditions, including dandruff, psoriasis, acne, fungal infections, warts, skin tags, ringworm, and eczema.

This tea is very commonly used due to its effectiveness in treating these conditions. Its most common effect is the reduction of inflammation and improvement of skin tone. Lawsonia inermis tea is made from the leaves of the henna plant, which are rich in tannins and other compounds that provide its medicinal properties.

This preparation is relatively easy to make, as it can be brewed by steeping the dried henna leaves in hot water for an extended period.

Below you find an image of Lawsonia inermis tea.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Lawsonia inermis tea.

1. Gather fresh or dried Lawsonia inermis leaves and clean them thoroughly.
2. Measure out the desired amount of Lawsonia inermis leaves and place them in a tea infuser or a heat-resistant cup.
3. Heat water in a kettle or on the stove until it reaches a boiling point, then carefully pour the hot water over the Lawsonia inermis leaves.
4. Allow the leaves to steep in the hot water for several minutes to allow the herbal tea to infuse.
5. Strain the tea into a separate cup and discard the Lawsonia inermis leaves to serve and enjoy.

What are the possible side effects of Lawsonia inermis if used improperly?

The possible side effects of improperly using Lawsonia inermis are itching, redness, and burning, which can occur due to the plant's allergenic compounds and the release of histamine in the body.

These symptoms can progress to rashes and hives, particularly in individuals with sensitive skin, as the plant's extracts penetrate deeper into the skin. Skin discoloration can also occur, ranging from mild hyperpigmentation to severe depigmentation, especially in areas exposed to sunlight. Photosensitivity is a significant risk, as the plant's compounds can react with UV radiation to cause damage, potentially leading to liver damage and kidney damage over time, which can be life-threatening in severe cases.

Nausea can be an early warning sign of more severe complications, such as organ damage, and should not be ignored.

The most common side effects Lawsonia inermis gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

• Itching: Lawsonia inermis contact causes skin irritation and itching.
• Redness: Skin and mucous membranes turn red due to irritation caused by Lawsonia inermis.
• Burning: Contact with Lawsonia inermis sap can cause skin irritation, including burns.
• Rashes: Lawsonia inermis causes contact dermatitis resulting in skin rashes.
• Hives: Contact dermatitis, including hives, has been reported from contact with Lawsonia inermis
• Skin Discoloration: Darkening of skin caused by henna staining due to the pigment lawsone.
• Photosensitivity: Increased risk of skin inflammation and sunburn after exposure to sunlight following contact with Lawsonia inermis
• Liver Damage: Reversible liver damage caused by Lawsonia inermis due to its potential hepatotoxicity.
• Kidney Damage: Lawsonia inermis contains anthraquinones, which are toxic to the kidneys and can cause damage upon prolonged consumption.
• Nausea: Consumption of Lawsonia inermis causes stomach discomfort, leading to nausea.

What are the precautions to take before using Lawsonia inermis medicinally?

The precautions to take before using Lawsonia inermis medicinally are to consult a professional before use, especially if you're considering using it for diabetes management.

Use under medical supervision is crucial when treating any condition with this plant, especially if you have kidney or liver issues. Before using Lawsonia inermis, be cautious of potential allergic reactions and monitor blood sugar levels to avoid complications. Additionally, be aware of signs of over-sedation, as this may be a concern when using it in conjunction with other sedatives, and use in moderation to minimize risks.

Furthermore, avoid using Lawsonia inermis during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and be aware of potential interactions with other medications, reporting any adverse effects promptly to your healthcare provider.

The most important precautions you must take before using Lawsonia inermis for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

• Consult A Professional Before Use: Use requires expertise due to potential toxicity and side effects.
• Use Under Medical Supervision: Monitor by a healthcare provider due to interactions with medications or underlying conditions.
• Avoid Allergic Reactions: Lawsonia inermis contains allergenic compounds that can cause skin irritation, dermatitis, and respiratory problems in sensitive individuals.
• Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: Lawsonia inermis henna extracts lower blood glucose levels in diabetic rats.
• Be Cautious With Kidney Or Liver Issues: Lawsonia inermis may exacerbate existing kidney or liver problems due to the presence of anthraquinones.
• Watch For Signs Of Over-Sedation: Monitor patients for excessive drowsiness, lethargy, or loss of coordination when using Lawsonia inermis.
• Use In Moderation: Lawsonia inermis extracts should be used in limited quantities to avoid adverse effects.
• Avoid During Pregnancy Or Breastfeeding: Lawsonia inermis may cause uterine stimulation and induce premature labor.
• Be Aware Of Potential Interactions: Lawsonia inermis interacts with blood thinners, warfarin, and anticoagulants.
• Report Any Adverse Effects: Document and report any skin irritation, allergic reactions, or other adverse effects associated with Lawsonia inermis.

Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Lawsonia inermis?

Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Lawsonia inermis. Here are some studies that are worthy of notice.

According to a study published by "Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates))", the leaves of Lawsonia inermis have shown significant cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities, highlighting their potential for therapeutic use in medicine. The study found that certain extracts of Lawsonia inermis exhibited a decrease in nitric oxide levels, indicating a potential anti-inflammatory effect. Additionally, the cytotoxicity studies revealed the presence of cytotoxic compounds in some extracts, suggesting that further research is warranted to develop formulations that can harness the beneficial effects of Lawsonia inermis.

In another study published by "Metabolic brain disease", Lawsonia inermis has been found to have potential neuroprotective effects against neuropathic pain. It achieves this through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which help to reverse the decreased levels of thiol and the elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the spinal cord. Additionally, Lawsonia inermis treatment decreases the elevation of inflammatory markers, including IL1-β and TNF-α, in the spinal cord of rats with neuropathic pain.

A different research published by "Heliyon", the extract of Lawsonia inermis has been found to have a positive effect on treating ulcers in rats, both with and without aflatoxin exposure. The study also showed that the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Lawsonia inermis increased with its nano-formulation. Overall, Lawsonia inermis and its nano-formulation have been concluded to be a potential dual therapy for ulcer treatment and mitigating the hazardous effects of aflatoxin exposure.

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