shining firmoss
Huperzia lucidula · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Sparse (95 studies) · ★★☆☆☆
Shining firmoss, scientifically known as Huperzia lucidula, is a perennial lycophyte native to North American forests. Renowned in ethnobotany, it contains huperzine A, a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. This alkaloid is extensively studied for its potential to enhance cognitive function and provide neuroprotective benefits against various neurodegenerative diseases.
- Family
- Lycopodiaceae
- Native range
- Northern America
- Parts used
- Not available
- Common names
- Shining Firmoss · Shining Fir-Moss
- Scientific synonyms
- Huperzia Lucidula Var. Tryonii · Lycopodium Lucidulum · 5 more
Names and Synonyms
Common Names
- shining firmoss
- shining fir-moss
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Huperzia lucidulaSynonyms
- Huperzia lucidula var. tryonii
- Lycopodium lucidulum
- Lycopodium lucidulum var. tryonii
- Lycopodium selago var. lucidulum
- Urostachys lucidulus var. reclinatus
- Urostachys lucidulus
- Huperzia selago subsp. lucidula
Regional and Traditional Names
French:
- huperzie brillante
- lycopode brillant
Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. Following the subclass Lycopodiidae and the order Lycopodiales, it is a member of the family Lycopodiaceae. Finally, its specific taxonomic designation is placed within the genus Huperzia.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Lycopodiidae |
| Order | Lycopodiales |
| Family | Lycopodiaceae |
| Genus | Huperzia |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
This plant exhibits a wide geographical distribution across several Canadian provinces. In Western Canada, its presence is noted within the province of Manitoba. Moving to Eastern Canada, it can be found throughout Ontario. The species also inhabits the Atlantic provinces, specifically in New Brunswick. Additionally, its range extends to the islands of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia.
| Region | Area |
|---|---|
| Western Canada | Manitoba |
| Eastern Canada | New Brunswick |
| Eastern Canada | Newfoundland |
| Eastern Canada | Nova Scotia |
| Eastern Canada | Ontario |
| Eastern Canada | Prince Edward I. |
| Eastern Canada | Québec |
| North-Central U.S.A. | Illinois |
| North-Central U.S.A. | Iowa |
| North-Central U.S.A. | Minnesota |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Botanical Identification
Life history
The life history of Huperzia lucidula is characterized by its status as a perennial organism, meaning it persists through multiple growing seasons rather than completing its cycle in a single year. As a member of the lycopod lineage, its life cycle is defined by a distinct alternation of generations involving a dominant sporophyte stage and a microscopic gametophyte stage. The visible, perennial sporophyte develops from a subterranean rhizome, which allows the plant to survive unfavorable environmental conditions and regrow annually. Reproduction occurs through the production of spores within strobili (cones) located at the tips of the stems; once released, these spores germinate into tiny, independent, photosynthetic gametophytes that live in the soil or leaf litter. These gametophytes eventually produce sperm and eggs, and upon fertilization, a new diploid sporophyte emerges, continuing the long-lived cycle of this resilient forest-dwelling species.
- Lifecycle :
- perennial
Morphology
The morphology of Huperzia lucidula is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb, specifically classified as a forb. It exhibits a self-supporting growth habit, meaning it does not function as a climber and remains upright through its own structural integrity without the need for external support.
- Climber :
- self-supporting
- Growth form :
- herb
- Growth form :
- forb
- Woodiness :
- non-woody
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Chemicals
Huperzia lucidula has 26 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Lucidine A, Lucidine B, 12-Epilycodoline, 16-Oxoserratriol, 21-Episerratenediol.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Lucidine A | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Lucidine B | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 12-Epilycodoline | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 16-Oxoserratriol | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 21-Episerratenediol | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Dihydrolycolucine | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Flabelliformine | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Lucidioline | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Luciduline | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Lucidine A
- Dr. Duke
- Phytochemistry
Lucidine B
- Dr. Duke
- Phytochemistry
12-Epilycodoline
- Dr. Duke
16-Oxoserratriol
- Dr. Duke
21-Episerratenediol
- Dr. Duke
BETA-SITOSTEROL
- Dr. Duke
Dihydrolycolucine
- Dr. Duke
Flabelliformine
- Dr. Duke
Lucidioline
- Dr. Duke
Luciduline
- Dr. Duke
Activities
Huperzia lucidula has 67 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include ANS-Paralytic, ANS-Stimulant, Addictive, Analgesic, Androgenic.
| Activity | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| ANS-Paralytic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ANS-Stimulant | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Addictive | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Analgesic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Androgenic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Angiogenic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anorectic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anorexic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiadenomic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiandrogenic | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
ANS-Paralytic
- Dr. Duke
ANS-Stimulant
- Dr. Duke
Addictive
- Dr. Duke
Analgesic
- Dr. Duke
Androgenic
- Dr. Duke
Angiogenic
- Dr. Duke
Anorectic
- Dr. Duke
Anorexic
- Dr. Duke
Antiadenomic
- Dr. Duke
Antiandrogenic
- Dr. Duke