kamyuye

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• kamyuye
• Butter Berry
• Orange Bird-berry / Butterberry
• Orange Bird-berry

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Hoslundia decumbens
• Hoslundia opposita var. verticillata
• Hoslundia verticillata
• Micranthes menthoides
• Clerodendrum micranthum
• Orthosiphon physocalycinus
• Hoslundia opposita var. decumbens
• Premna longipes

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it is organized under the order Lamiales and the family Lamiaceae. Ultimately, it is identified by its specific genus, Hoslundia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a specific distribution pattern across the West Tropical Africa region. It can be found growing within the borders of Benin and Burkina. Additionally, its presence extends to the coastal areas of the Gambia. The species is also documented to inhabit parts of Ghana. Finally, its geographical range includes the nation of Guinea-Bissau.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Hoslundia opposita is characterized by its ability to thrive across a diverse range of environments, primarily occupying (secondary) bushland, bushed or wooded grassland, forest margins, and various disturbed habitats. This species demonstrates significant altitudinal adaptability, maintaining a broad ecological presence within an elevational range that extends from a minimum of 15 m AMSL to a maximum of 1525 m AMSL.

Elevational range max:

1525 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

15 m AMSL

Habitat :

(secondary) bushland, bushed or wooded grassland, forest margins and disturbed habitats

Life history

The life history of Hoslundia oppositia is characterized by its status as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. In terms of its structural growth habits and ecological positioning, the species exhibits life forms categorized as both a phanerophyte, featuring elevated stem structures, and a nanophanerophyte, reflecting its specific stature within its habitat.

Life form :

nanophanerophyte

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Hoslundia opposita is characterized by a diverse growth habit, manifesting as both a shrub and a herbaceous form. It exhibits a woody texture and can function as a self-supporting plant or as a vine-like climber. The plant's stature is variable, with heights ranging from a minimum of 0.6 m to a maximum of approximately 4.57 m, maintaining an average height of around 1.2 m. As a terrestrial species, it is neither aquatic nor an epiphyte, growing independently without parasitic dependencies.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

vine

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

shrub

Growth form :

herb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

4.572055596 m

Plant height mean:

1.2 m

Plant height min:

0.6 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Hoslundia opposita is characterized by its metabolic processes and nutrient acquisition strategies, which are essential for its survival in various tropical environments. As a woody shrub, its physiological functions include efficient photosynthetic pathways to support biomass production and rapid growth. Regarding its nitrogen metabolism, the plant does not engage in symbiotic nitrogen fixation; therefore, it is categorized as a non-nitrogen fixer (Nitrogen fixer: no). This implies that the plant relies entirely on the uptake of inorganic nitrogen sources, such as nitrates and ammonium, from the soil through its root system to meet its nutritional requirements for amino acid and protein synthesis. Its physiological resilience is further supported by its ability to manage water potential and maintain cellular homeostasis under varying environmental stressors.

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Reproduction

The reproduction of Hoslundia opposita is characterized by a complex interaction of biotic pollination and dispersal mechanisms. The flowering period is highly flexible, with the start and end of flowering occurring as early as November, though it can vary across the months of January through December. The plant utilizes a biotic pollination syndrome, primarily relying on insects, with a specific emphasis on bees to facilitate fertilization. Following successful pollination, the plant produces seeds with a highly specific mass profile; the mean seed mass is approximately 0.002056667 g, with individual seeds ranging from a minimum of 0.00139 g to a maximum of 0.00354 g. Seed dispersal is primarily zoochorous, meaning it is aided by animals, though the dispersal syndrome is also classified as unspecialized, suggesting a broad and less targeted method of spreading its progeny within the environment.

Dispersal syndrome :

zoochorous

Dispersal syndrome :

unspecialized

Flowering time :

Nov

Pollination syndrome :

insect

Pollination syndrome :

bee

Pollination syndrome :

biotic

Seed mass max:

0.00354 g

Seed mass mean:

0.002056667 g

Seed mass min:

0.00139 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Hoslundia opposita has 2 reported plant parts identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf, root.

Leaf

1. The Central African journal of medicine

Root

1. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Chemicals

Hoslundia opposita has 5 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 5,7-dimethoxy-6-methylflavone, Euscaphic acid, Hoslunddiol, IRON, Sesquiterpenes.

5,7-dimethoxy-6-methylflavone

1. Natural product research

Euscaphic acid

1. Natural product research

Hoslunddiol

1. Natural product research

IRON

1. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM

Sesquiterpenes

1. Dr. Duke

Conditions

Hoslundia opposita has 3 reported investigations on conditions identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Plasmodium falciparum, malaria.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1. Natural product research

Plasmodium falciparum

1. Planta medica

Malaria

1. BioImpacts : BI

Preparations

Hoslundia opposita has 6 reported preparations identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include chloroform extract of the dried root, essential oil, essential oils, ethanolic leaf extracts, extracts.

Chloroform extract of the dried root

1. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Essential oil

1. The Central African journal of medicine

Essential oils

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Ethanolic leaf extracts

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Extracts

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Volatile oil

1. The Central African journal of medicine