Homalolepis cedron
Homalolepis cedron · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (1 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Homalolepis cedron is a distinctive plant species recognized for its significant pharmacological potential in traditional medicine. It contains specialized chemical compounds, including Cedronolactone E, Chaparrin, Chaparrinone, and GLAUCARUBOL. These bioactive constituents allow the plant to function as an effective amebicide and antinesidioblastosic agent. Furthermore, it is utilized to treat serious medical conditions such as malaria and the effects of snake bites. Its versatile properties also extend to serving as an iodine antidote and an absorbent agent in various treatments.
- Synonyms
- Picrolemma Valdivia · Aruba Cedron · 2 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Simaroubaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Homalolepis cedron is a versatile species recognized by a diverse array of regional names. Depending on the local area, it is frequently referred to as Caxeta-amargosa or Manga-de-anta. Some communities also identify the plant as Paracatá, highlighting its cultural presence in different landscapes. It is equally well-known by the names Paratudo and Pau-paratudo, which reflect its unique identity. This variety of nomenclature underscores the widespread recognition and botanical importance of the species.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Homalolepis cedron is a botanical species characterized by a complex web of taxonomic synonyms. Depending on the scientific literature consulted, this plant may be identified as Aruba cedron. It is also frequently referred to by the synonym Picrolemma valdivia in various botanical records. Researchers may further encounter the name Quassia cedron when studying its historical classification. Finally, the species is recognized under the synonym Simaba cedron, reflecting the evolving nature of its nomenclature.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Homalolepis cedron is a distinguished member of the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological realm, it is specifically classified under the class Equisetopsida. This species belongs to the order Sapindales, showcasing its evolutionary connections to related woody plants. It is further categorized into the family Simaroubaceae, which defines its unique botanical characteristics. Finally, it is placed within the genus Homalolepis, completing its formal scientific identity.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Simaroubaceae |
| Genus | Homalolepis |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Homalolepis cedron is a botanical species primarily concentrated within the diverse landscapes of Southern America. Its presence is particularly widespread throughout Brazil, where it can be found in the North, Northeast, and Southeast regions. Furthermore, the plant thrives in the West-Central territories of Brazil, showcasing its adaptability to various local climates. Beyond the South American mainland, its distribution extends into the Caribbean region. Specifically, it has established itself within the unique ecosystems of Trinidad and Tobago.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Homalolepis cedron is a self-supporting species characterized by its distinct tree-like growth form. This plant typically reaches a maximum height of 7 meters in its natural habitat. However, under certain conditions, it can grow slightly larger, reaching a peak of 8 meters. These dimensions make it a notable feature within its local ecosystem.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Homalolepis cedron is among the various medicinal species identified through ethnopharmacological investigations in the Amazonian region. In studies conducted within the quilombola communities of Oriximiná, researchers utilized an ethno-directed approach to identify plants used traditionally for treating malaria. This scientific exploration aimed to validate local knowledge by testing selected botanical extracts against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites. The findings highlighted a significant correlation between the consensus of local informants and the actual in vitro antiplasmodial activity of the tested species. Ultimately, such research underscores the potential of local biodiversity to provide valuable bioproducts for combating parasitic diseases.
Compounds
Homalolepis cedron serves as a rich source of various bioactive chemical compounds. Scientific analysis of the plant's wood has revealed the presence of the novel C(19) quassinoid known as Cedronolactone E. In addition to this unique finding, the species contains several other significant secondary metabolites. Specifically, researchers have identified the compounds chaparrin and chaparrinone within its chemical profile. The plant also yields the noteworthy constituents glaucarubol and glaucarubolone, contributing to its diverse phytochemical makeup.
Conditions
Homalolepis cedron, also referred to in the texts as Simaba cedron, is traditionally utilized as a remedy to treat malaria, snake bites, and various gastrointestinal disorders. Scientific investigations have supported its anti-malarial potential, noting that its quassinoid content contributes to effective activity against Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Furthermore, the plant demonstrates significant medicinal value through its ability to treat P-388 cells via in vitro cytotoxicity. While its use against snake bites has been described as questionable by some researchers, its role in addressing diverse health conditions remains a central focus of ethnobotanical study. These combined therapeutic properties highlight the plant's multifaceted importance in both traditional and modern medicinal contexts.