Gynochthodes officinalis

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Morinda officinalis var. hirsuta
• Morinda officinalis

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it is ordered as Gentianaales and falls under the family Rubiaceae. Finally, it is taxonomically identified within the genus Gynochthodes.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a specific geographical distribution within the Asian continent. It is primarily found in the southern regions of China. Specifically, its presence is documented in the tropical province of Hainan. Furthermore, the species is also distributed across China Southeast. These locations represent the core habitats where the plant can be naturally located.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Gymnocladus oppositifolius (often associated with the taxonomic context of Gymnocladus species) is characterized by its classification as a phanerophyte, specifically functioning as a nanophanerophyte, chamaephyte, hemicryptophyte, geophyte, hydrophyte, helophyte, therophyte, or lithophyte depending on the specific environmental niche and growth stage. In its primary developmental trajectory, it follows a phanerophyte life form, which signifies that its perennating buds are located well above the ground on woody stems, allowing it to persist through unfavorable seasonal conditions. This growth strategy ensures that the plant can maintain structural integrity and regrow from protected buds, distinguishing its survival mechanism from crypto- or therophytic forms that rely on underground or seed-based dormancy.

Life form :

phanerophyte

Morphology

The morphology of Guignochtheodes officinalis is characterized by its growth habit as an obligatory climber, utilizing structural support to ascend through its environment. It functions as an independent organism, meaning it does not exhibit parasitic behavior toward host plants. While it possesses a terrestrial nature rather than being an epiphyte, its structural development is notably woody, providing the necessary rigidity and strength to maintain its climbing form.

Climber :

obligatory

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Parasite :

independent

Woodiness :

woody

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Gynochthodes officinalis has 3 reported plant parts identified across 12 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root, leaf, stem.

Root

1. Scientific data
2. Horticulture research
3. International journal of biological macromolecules
4. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials
5. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Leaf

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Stem

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Chemicals

Gynochthodes officinalis has 35 reported phytochemicals identified across 12 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Anthraquinones, As, CA, CD, FE.

Anthraquinones

1. Horticulture research
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
3. Shi yan sheng wu xue bao

As

1. Chemosphere
2. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

CA

1. Chemosphere
2. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

CD

1. Chemosphere
2. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

FE

1. Chemosphere
2. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

Iridoids

1. BMC plant biology
2. Horticulture research

Monotropein

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Fitoterapia

PB

1. Chemosphere
2. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

1,8-dihydroxy-anthraquinone

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

ANTHRAQUINONE

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Activities

Gynochthodes officinalis has 1 reported activities identified across 12 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant.

Antioxidant

1. International journal of molecular sciences

Preparations

Gynochthodes officinalis has 22 reported preparations identified across 12 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include dried roots, MOP-60, MOP-60-100, alcohol, crude extracts.

Dried roots

1. Scientific data
2. Horticulture research

Mop-60

1. International journal of biological macromolecules

Mop-60-100

1. International journal of biological macromolecules

Alcohol

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

Crude extracts

1. Andrologia

Crude polysaccharides (mop-100)

1. International journal of biological macromolecules

Decoctions

1. Chemosphere

Extraction

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

Fried processing method

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

Grinding method

1. Scientific reports