Goniothalamus giganteus

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Goniothalamus oxycarpus
• Guatteria oxycarpa

Sources: Wikidata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Goniothalamus giganteus, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is classified under the order Magnoliales. It is further categorized into the family Annonaceae and the genus Goniothalamus.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant is widely distributed across several key regions within the Indo-China and Malesia botanical zones. In the Indo-China region, its presence is documented in both Myanmar and Thailand. Moving into the Malesia zone, the species can be found inhabiting the areas of Malaya. Additionally, its geographical reach extends to the island of Sumatera. Together, these locations define the specific tropical range where this medicinal species thrives.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Morphology

The morphology of Goniothalamus giganteus is characterized by its substantial size and robust structural development. It functions as a woody plant with a tree-like growth form, reaching a maximum plant height of approximately 23 m. In terms of its climbing habits, the species exhibits self-supporting characteristics, functioning as a liana or vine that possesses the structural integrity to support itself rather than being an obligatory or facultative climber.

Climber :

self-supporting

Growth form :

tree

Plant height max:

23 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Goniothalamus giganteus is characterized by its utilization of the C3 photosynthetic pathway, a process where carbon dioxide is fixed directly into a three-carbon compound during the first step of the Calvin cycle. This metabolic strategy dictates the plant's efficiency in gas exchange and water use, as it relies on the enzyme RuBisCO to facilitate carboxylation, typically under moist and shaded environmental conditions. Because it follows the C3 pathway rather than C4 or CAM, the plant's physiological performance is highly sensitive to light intensity and transpiration rates, requiring a stable moisture regime to minimize photorespiration and maintain optimal photosynthetic productivity.

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Goniothalamus giganteus has 1 reported plant parts identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include stem.

Stem

1. Experientia
2. Journal of natural products

Chemicals

Goniothalamus giganteus has 13 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Goniothalamicin, 7-epi-Goniofufurone, 9-Deoxygoniopypyrone, Acetogenin, Annomontacin.

Goniothalamicin

1. Phytochemistry
2. Experientia

7-epi-Goniofufurone

1. Journal of natural products

9-Deoxygoniopypyrone

1. Journal of natural products

Acetogenin

1. Experientia

Annomontacin

1. Journal of natural products

Annonacin

1. Experientia

GONIODIOL

1. Journal of natural products

Gigantecin

1. Experientia

Gigantetronenin

1. Journal of natural products

Gigantrionenin

1. Journal of natural products

Activities

Goniothalamus giganteus has 2 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimitotic, Cytotoxic.

Antimitotic

1. Experientia

Cytotoxic

1. Experientia

Conditions

Goniothalamus giganteus has 2 reported investigations on conditions identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include astrocytoma, tumor cell lines.

Astrocytoma

1. Experientia

Tumor cell lines

1. Journal of natural products

Preparations

Goniothalamus giganteus has 4 reported preparations identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include bark, ethanolic extract of the stem bark, ethanolic extracts of the stem bark, stem bark.

Bark

1. Phytochemistry
2. Journal of natural products

Ethanolic extract of the stem bark

1. Experientia

Ethanolic extracts of the stem bark

1. Experientia

Stem bark

1. Journal of natural products