Gnetum gnemon

Gnetum

Gnetum gnemon, commonly known as Melinjo, is a versatile tropical plant prized for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Native to Southeast Asia, its seeds and leaves are rich in antioxidants and bioactive compounds, traditionally used to treat inflammation, improve digestion, and support overall metabolic health in various cultures.

  • Scientific name: Gnetum gnemon
  • Family: Gnetaceae
  • Native range: Asia-Temperate

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. It is further organized into the subclass Gnetidae and the order Gnetales, falling under the family Gnetaeae. Finally, it is identified by the genus Gnetum, specifically as the species Gnetum gnemon.

Rank Classification Source
Kingdom Plantae WCVP
Phylum Streptophyta WCVP
Class Equisetopsida WCVP
Subclass Gnetidae WCVP
Order Gnetales WCVP
Family Gnetaceae WCVP
Genus Gnetum WCVP

Common Names

This plant, known scientifically as Gnetum gnemon, is recognized by various common names across different regions and languages. In Indonesia, it is frequently called Melinjo, while in Javanese, it is referred to as Mlinjo. In Thailand, the plant is known as ผักเหมียง, and in Telugu, it is called Sukau. Additionally, it is identified in Russian as Гнетум гнемон.
Language Common Name Source
jv Mlinjo Wikidata
ru Гнетум гнемон Wikidata
th ผักเหมียง Wikidata
to Sukau Wikidata
id Melinjo Wikidata
ja グネモン Wikidata
cs liánovec jedlý Wikidata
vi Rau bép Wikidata
nl melindjoe Wikidata
fa ملینجو Wikidata

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse range of habitats across several distinct Asian regions. Within China, its presence is documented in both the South-Central provinces and the high-altitude areas of Tibet. Moving toward the Indian Subcontinent, the species can be found specifically in the Assam region. Its distribution also extends into Indo-China, where it grows in the landscapes of Cambodia. Finally, the plant is also native to the forested territories of Myanmar.

Region Area Source
China China South-Central WCVP
China Tibet WCVP
Indian Subcontinent Assam WCVP
Indo-China Cambodia WCVP
Indo-China Myanmar WCVP
Indo-China Nicobar Is. WCVP
Indo-China Thailand WCVP
Indo-China Vietnam WCVP
Malesia Borneo WCVP
Malesia Lesser Sunda Is. WCVP

Plant Parts

This plant, Gnetum gnemon, is widely studied for its pharmacological properties, particularly through the utilization of its vegetative components. Researchers often focus on the medicinal potential of the dried leaves, which are processed to preserve their bioactive compounds for various applications. Furthermore, scientific investigations frequently employ methanol leaf extracts to isolate specific phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, which are believed to contribute to the plant's antioxidant and therapeutic activities.
Total parts
2
Scientific sources
2
Plant Part Sources Confidence
methanol leaf extracts 1 ★☆☆☆☆
dried leaves 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Chemicals

Gnetum gnemon has 2 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include polyphenols, trans-resveratrol.

Total chemicals
2
Scientific sources
2

Most Reported Compounds

Compound Sources Confidence
polyphenols 1 ★☆☆☆☆
trans-resveratrol 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Activities

Gnetum gnemon has 1 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial.

Total activities
1
Scientific sources
1

Most Reported Activities

Activity Sources Confidence
Antibacterial 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Medicinal Uses

Gnetum gnemon has 2 reported medicinal uses identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, type 2 diabetes.

Total uses
2
Scientific sources
2

Most Reported Uses

Use Sources Confidence
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 1 ★☆☆☆☆
type 2 diabetes 1 ★☆☆☆☆