Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Euonymus sclerocarpus

Sources: Wikidata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it falls under the order Celastrales and the family Celastraceae. It is specifically identified by the genus Glyptopetalum, with the species name sclerocarpum.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical range spanning across several regions in Asia. In China, it can be found specifically within the South-Central and Southeast territories. Its distribution extends further into the Indo-China peninsula, where it is native to Cambodia. Additionally, the species is documented to grow within the borders of Laos. Finally, its presence is also established in the country of Myanmar.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum is closely tied to its specific altitudinal distribution within its native habitat. This species thrives within a distinct elevational band, typically occurring at mid-to-high altitudes. Its presence is characterized by a minimum elevation of 900 m AMSL, extending upward to a maximum elevation of 1200 m AMSL. On average, the plant occupies an ecological niche centered around a mean elevation of 1050 m AMSL, suggesting a preference for the specific climatic and environmental conditions found within this narrow vertical range.

Elevational range max:

1200 m AMSL

Elevational range mean:

1050 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

900 m AMSL

Life history

The life history of Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum is characterized by its existence as a perennial organism, allowing it to persist in its ecosystem through multiple growing seasons. As a phanerophyte, the plant maintains its photosynthetic organs on elevated stems well above the ground level, a growth habit that helps it compete for light within its specific habitat. Furthermore, it exhibits an evergreen deciduousness pattern, meaning it retains its foliage throughout the year rather than shedding it seasonally, ensuring continuous metabolic activity and resource availability.

Deciduousness :

evergreen

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum is characterized by a woody growth form, primarily manifesting as a tree or a climbing structure. As a woody plant, it exhibits a robust architecture that can function as a liana, a vine, or a self-supporting entity, depending on its environmental support. The plant's stature is quite significant, with its height varying considerably; it can be found at a minimum height of 2 m, reaching a mean height of approximately 7 m, and extending to a maximum height of up to 12 m.

Climber :

self-supporting

Growth form :

tree

Plant height max:

12 m

Plant height mean:

7 m

Plant height min:

2 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiological characteristics of the foliage in Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum are defined by a significant degree of morphological variation in leaf dimensions, which plays a crucial role in its photosynthetic capacity and transpiration regulation. The leaf length exhibits a broad range, with a minimum measurement of 12 cm and a maximum reaching up to 27 cm, while the average leaf length is recorded at 19.5 cm. Complementing this longitudinal variability is a distinct range in leaf width, which fluctuates between a minimum of 4.5 cm and a maximum of 9 cm, maintaining a mean width of 6.75 cm. These dimensional parameters suggest a dynamic leaf architecture that allows the plant to optimize light interception and manage gas exchange across varying environmental conditions.

Leaf length max:

27 cm

Leaf length mean:

19.5 cm

Leaf length min:

12 cm

Leaf width max:

9 cm

Leaf width mean:

6.75 cm

Leaf width min:

4.5 cm

Reproduction

The reproduction of Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum is characterized by the development of specialized fruit structures that exhibit specific morphological dimensions. The resulting fruits vary in size, with a recorded minimum length and width of 1.2 cm, while the average dimensions for both length and width are measured at 1.7 cm. As the fruit reaches its maximum developmental stage, it can extend to a maximum length and width of 2.2 cm, indicating a tendency toward a relatively uniform, near-spherical or globular shape during maturation.

Fruit length max:

2.2 cm

Fruit length mean:

1.7 cm

Fruit length min:

1.2 cm

Fruit width max:

2.2 cm

Fruit width mean:

1.7 cm

Fruit width min:

1.2 cm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include stem.

Stem

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

Chemicals

Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum has 4 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 22-Hydroxytingenone, Cangoronine, Isoarborinol, Sclerocarpic acid.

22-Hydroxytingenone

1. Planta medica

Cangoronine

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

Isoarborinol

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

Sclerocarpic acid

1. Planta medica

Conditions

Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum has 1 reported investigations on conditions identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Gram-positive bacteria.

Gram-positive bacteria

1. Planta medica