Fumaria indica

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Fumaria vaillantii var. indica
• Fumaria parviflora var. indica

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, known scientifically as Fumaria indica, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. It is classified under the class Equisetopsida and the subclass Magnoliidae within the order Ranunculales. Finally, it is a member of the Papaveraceae family and falls under the genus Fumaria.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad geographical distribution spanning across parts of Western Asia and the Indian Subcontinent. In the Western Asian region, it can be found growing in Afghanistan and Iran. Its presence extends further into the Levant, specifically within the Lebanon-Syria area. Moving toward the Indian Subcontinent, the species is well-established in the state of Assam. Additionally, the plant is commonly documented throughout Bangladesh.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Fumaria indica is characterized by its ability to thrive across a diverse range of altitudes and environmental conditions. It is typically found occupying an elevational range that spans from a minimum of 400 m AMSL to a maximum of 2800 m AMSL. This broad altitudinal distribution allows the species to inhabit various ecological niches, ranging from lowland plains to higher montane regions. The plant generally favors disturbed habitats, such as agricultural fields, waste lands, and roadsides, where it can exploit seasonal moisture and nutrient availability. Its adaptability to these varying elevations suggests a robust physiological capacity to withstand different temperature gradients and atmospheric pressures encountered throughout its natural range.

Elevational range max:

2800 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

400 m AMSL

Life history

The life history of Fumaria indica is characterized by its status as an annual plant, completing its entire developmental cycle from germination to seed production within a single growing season. In terms of its ecological classification and growth habit, it is categorized as a therophyte, meaning it survives unfavorable periods through ephemeral seeds that remain dormant in the soil until conditions become suitable for rapid growth. This life form is consistent across its biological classification, functioning as a therophyte that relies on a quick reproductive strategy to ensure the continuation of the species before the onset of environmental stress.

Life form :

therophyte

Lifecycle :

annual

Morphology

The morphology of Fumaria indica is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb, specifically categorized as a forb. This plant is a terrestrial species that functions independently, neither acting as a parasite nor as an epiphyte. It exhibits a self-supporting habit rather than acting as a liana or vine, allowing it to maintain its structure without external support. In terms of stature, the plant is relatively small, with a height ranging from a minimum of 0.15 m to a maximum of 0.5 m.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

0.5 m

Plant height min:

0.15 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Reproduction

The reproduction of Fumaria indica is characterized by a distinct seasonal flowering pattern that facilitates its life cycle. The plant enters its flowering phase with a commencement typically observed around April, though the onset can be variable depending on environmental conditions. This reproductive period continues through the late spring and early summer months, with the flowering phase reaching its conclusion around June. This specific window of blooming is essential for the plant's pollination and subsequent seed production.

Flowering time :

Apr

Flowering time :

Jun

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Fumaria indica has 10 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include (+)-ADLUMIDINE, Flavonoids, Oxysanguinarine, STARCH, Saponins.

(+)-ADLUMIDINE

1. Planta medica

Flavonoids

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Oxysanguinarine

1. Journal of vector borne diseases

STARCH

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Saponins

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Tannins

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Tetrahydrocoptisine hydrochloride

1. Planta medica

fumarate

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

sterol

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

sugar

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Activities

Fumaria indica has 15 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Antifungal, Adaptogen, Analgesic, Anthelmintic.

Antibacterial

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine
2. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Antifungal

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine
2. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Adaptogen

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Analgesic

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Anthelmintic

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Anticonvulsant

1. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Cholagogue

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Diaphoretic

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Diuretic

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Hepatoprotective

1. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine

Medicinal Uses

Fumaria indica has 7 reported medicinal uses identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Eczema, analgesic, diuretic, epilepsy, laxative.

Most Reported Uses

Preparations