weeping forsythia

Names

Common Names

• weeping forsythia
• Golden-bell
• forsythia
• goldenbells
• weeping goldenbells
• trailing forsythia

Regional and Traditional Names

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Rangium suspensum
• Forsythia suspensa var. pubescens
• Forsythia suspensa f. variegata
• Syringa suspensa
• Forsythia suspensa variegata
• Lilac perpensa
• Ligustrum suspensum
• Forsythia sieboldii
• Forsythia giraldiana f. pubescens
• Forsythia fortunei
• Forsythia suspensa f. atrocaulis
• Forsythia suspensa f. aureovariegata
• Forsythia suspensa f. decipiens
• Forsythia suspensa var. fortunei
• Forsythia suspensa var. latifolia
• Forsythia suspensa f. pallida
• Forsythia suspensa f. pubescens
• Forsythia suspensa var. sieboldii
• Forsythia suspensa var. variegata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Lamiales, it is classified under the family Oleaceae. It is specifically identified by the genus Forsythia and the species Forsythia suspensa.

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical presence across several regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its distribution includes the islands of Great Britain and Ireland. Moving toward Middle Europe, the species can be found growing within Germany and the Czechia-Slovakia region. Additionally, the plant extends its reach into Southwestern Europe, specifically within Spain. Collectively, these locations highlight a broad range of habitats spanning from the north to the south of the continent.

Plant Parts

Chemicals

Forsythia suspensa has 93 reported phytochemicals identified across 21 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Phillyrin, Forsythoside A, PHILLYGENIN, Forsythiaside, Forsythin.

Phillyrin

1. Dr. Duke
2. International immunopharmacology
3. Journal of chromatography. A
4. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
5. Environmental monitoring and assessment

Forsythoside A

1. Dr. Duke
2. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
3. Journal of natural medicines
4. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials
5. BMC complementary and alternative medicine

PHILLYGENIN

1. Dr. Duke
2. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
3. Planta medica
4. Journal of food biochemistry
5. PloS one

Forsythiaside

1. Natural product research
2. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
3. Scientific reports
4. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
5. Journal of separation science

Forsythin

1. Journal of natural medicines
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
3. Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]
4. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
5. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces

Lignans

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
3. Journal of natural medicines
4. PloS one
5. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology

RUTIN

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of natural medicines
3. Scientific reports
4. International journal of molecular sciences

Arctigenin

1. Journal of natural medicines
2. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
3. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Flavonoids

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. PloS one

Forsythiaside A

1. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease
2. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis

Activities

Forsythia suspensa has 358 reported activities identified across 21 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antiviral, Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic.

Most Reported Activities

Medicinal Uses

Forsythia suspensa has 41 reported medicinal uses identified across 21 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include inflammation, apoptosis, colitis, gonorrhea, oxidative stress.

Most Reported Uses

Preparations