Excoecaria cochinchinensis
Excoecaria cochinchinensis · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Excoecaria cochinchinensis, commonly known as the Chinese Croton, is a striking ornamental shrub celebrated for its vibrant, multicolored foliage. This plant is widely utilized in landscaping to provide dramatic visual texture through its variegated leaves. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, the species is of significant interest in phytochemical research due to its unique chemical profile. Notably, scientists have identified the presence of (+)-EPILOLIOLIDE within its complex biological makeup. Understanding these chemical constituents helps researchers explore the broader pharmacological potential of this distinctive genus.
- Synonyms
- Antidesma Bicolor · Excoecaria Cochinchinensis Var. Viridis · 6 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Euphorbiaceae
- Distribution
- Asia-Tropical
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Excoecaria cochinchinensis is a striking ornamental plant that is widely recognized by its common name, the burgundy bush. This species is celebrated for its dramatic foliage, which transitions from vibrant green to deep, dark shades of red. Gardeners often select it to add a splash of intense color and texture to tropical landscapes. Because of its unique appearance, it serves as an excellent focal point in both formal and informal garden designs. Its distinct coloration makes it a standout choice for anyone looking to enhance their outdoor space with bold botanical beauty.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Excoecaria cochinchinensis is a plant species known to be associated with several botanical synonyms in scientific literature. It is frequently identified by the name Antidesma bicolor, illustrating a complex taxonomic history. Furthermore, the plant is often referred to simply as Excoecaria bicolor in various botanical records. This classification extends to specific varieties, including Excoecaria bicolor var. orientalis and Excoecaria bicolor var. purpurascens. Finally, the name Excoecaria bicolor var. viridis is also recognized as a synonym within this group.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Excoecaria cochinchinensis is a distinctive botanical specimen belonging to the kingdom Plantae. This plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida and falls within the diverse order Malpighiales. Within this taxonomic hierarchy, it is a member of the family Euphorbiaceae. It further belongs to the specific genus Excoecaria, which defines its unique biological characteristics. Understanding these relationships provides essential insight into the evolutionary placement of this species.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Malpighiales |
| Family | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus | Excoecaria |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Excoecaria cochinchinensis exhibits a widespread geographical range that spans across diverse Asian climates. In the temperate regions of East Asia, this species is commonly found throughout various parts of China, including its South-Central and Southeast territories. Its presence extends to the tropical landscapes of Hainan and the island of Taiwan. Furthermore, the plant thrives within the tropical environments of Indo-China, specifically in Laos. This broad distribution highlights the adaptability of the species across both temperate and tropical Asian ecosystems.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Excoecaria cochinchinensis is a self-supporting plant that maintains a compact shrub growth form. It typically reaches a modest maximum height of only 1 meter. This small stature makes it an ideal choice for controlled garden spaces.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Conditions
Excoecaria cochinchinensis serves as a source of antibabesial compounds used in medical research. Specifically, the plant yields the compound (+)-epiloliolide, which was isolated during the study of various medicinal flora. This particular substance demonstrates significant potential in treating babesiosis through its biological activity. In vitro examinations revealed that (+)-epiloliolide possesses an IC50 value of 10.0 microg/ml. Consequently, the plant plays a vital role in the identification of chemical agents that can combat this parasitic infection.