Eusideroxylon zwageri
Eusideroxylon zwageri · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Eusideroxylon zwageri, commonly known as Bornean ironwood, is a majestic tropical tree highly valued for its incredibly dense and durable timber. This slow-growing species is native to the rainforests of Southeast Asia, where it plays a vital role in the local ecosystem. A critical component of its life cycle is the development of its seed, which ensures the continued propagation of the species in its natural habitat. Understanding the biological characteristics of the seed is essential for conservation efforts aimed at protecting this endangered tree. Through careful study of its reproductive parts, researchers hope to sustain the future populations of this remarkable plant.
- Synonyms
- Bihania Borneensis · Eusideroxylon Borneense
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Lauraceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Seed
Classification
Common Names
Eusideroxylon zwageri is a remarkable timber species known by a diverse array of regional and descriptive names. It is frequently referred to as Bornean ironwood or Borneo Ironwood due to the incredible density of its wood. In various local contexts, the tree is also commonly called Billian or Bi. Many traders and enthusiasts recognize it by the evocative name Bois De Fer, which translates to ironwood. Regardless of the name used, this plant remains one of the most highly valued timber resources in its native habitat.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Eusideroxylon zwageri is a botanical species that has been documented under several different names throughout scientific history. In various taxonomic records, it is recognized by the synonym Bihania borneensis. Furthermore, the plant is also frequently referred to as Eusideroxylon borneense in older literature. These overlapping designations highlight the evolving nature of botanical classification and nomenclature. Understanding these synonyms is essential for researchers tracking the true identity of this specific timber species.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Eusideroxylon zwageri is a distinctive botanical species belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast kingdom, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It is further categorized into the order Laurales, showcasing its specific evolutionary lineage. As a member of the genus Eusideroxylon, it possesses unique characteristics that define its identity. Finally, this species finds its familial home within the Lauraceae family.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Laurales |
| Family | Lauraceae |
| Genus | Eusideroxylon |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Eusideroxylon zwageri is a notable species primarily found within the tropical regions of Asia. Its natural range extends across the Malesia botanical region, showcasing a significant presence in diverse ecosystems. Specifically, the plant is well-documented in the lush landscapes of Borneo. It also maintains a strong distribution throughout the island of Sumatera. These geographic connections highlight the species' importance within the tropical forests of Southeast Asia.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Eusideroxylon zwageri is a self-supporting tree that stands as a prominent feature of its ecosystem. This impressive species can reach a maximum height of 35 meters as it matures. Its sturdy growth form allows it to dominate the forest canopy with ease.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Conditions
Eusideroxylon zwageri seed extracts demonstrate significant antioxidant properties through their DPPH radical-scavenging activity. Specifically, this plant showed a radical-scavenging rate of more than 70% at a concentration of 100 microg/ml. In addition to its antioxidant effects, the plant also functions as an antimelanogenic agent. The seed extract strongly inhibits the melanin production of B16 melanoma cells at a concentration of 100 microg/ml. These dual capabilities highlight the plant's potential utility in developing skin-whitening cosmetic ingredients.
Preparations
Parts used
Eusideroxylon zwageri serves as a significant subject in recent studies focused on discovering new skin-whitening agents from Central Kalimantan. Specifically, the seed of this plant was utilized to create methanol extracts for rigorous biochemical testing. During the screening process, the seed extract demonstrated impressive DPPH radical-scavenging activity exceeding 70% at a concentration of 100 microg/ml. Furthermore, it showed a strong ability to inhibit melanin production in B16 melanoma cells without causing significant cytotoxicity. These results suggest that the seed of Eusideroxylon zwageri holds great potential as a functional ingredient for future cosmetic applications.