Euphorbia kansui

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Sources: Wikidata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Malpighiales, it is classified under the family Euphorbiaceae and the genus Euphorbia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a specific geographical range within the Asian continent. In the country of China, its presence is noted throughout the North-Central regions. Additionally, the species can be found growing within the high-altitude terrain of Tibet. These distinct areas represent the primary natural habitats where the species thrives. Consequently, its distribution is concentrated in these specific eastern and central territories.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Euphorbia kansui is characterized by its status as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. As a long-lived species, it undergoes a continuous cycle of vegetative growth and seasonal development, often establishing a robust presence in its native habitats. Its lifecycle is defined by the ability to survive through varying environmental conditions, utilizing its perennial nature to rebuild its structures after periods of dormancy or stress. This sustained existence enables the plant to invest in long-term survival strategies, contributing to its stability within its ecological niche.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Physiology

The physiological development of Euphorbia kansui is characterized by distinct morphological variations in its foliage, which plays a critical role in its metabolic processes. The leaves exhibit a significant range in dimensions, with mean leaf lengths measuring approximately 4.5 cm, though they can vary from a minimum of 2 cm to a maximum of 7 cm. This longitudinal variability is accompanied by a specialized narrow profile, as indicated by mean leaf widths of 0.45 cm, which fluctuate between a minimum of 0.4 cm and a maximum of 0.5 cm. These specific leaf dimensions and the resulting surface-area-to-volume ratio influence the plant's photosynthetic efficiency and its ability to regulate transpiration within its environment.

Leaf length max:

7 cm

Leaf length mean:

4.5 cm

Leaf length min:

2 cm

Leaf width max:

0.5 cm

Leaf width mean:

0.45 cm

Leaf width min:

0.4 cm

Reproduction

The reproduction of Euphorbia kansui involves the development of characteristic fruits that serve as the primary vessel for seed dispersal. These fruits exhibit a relatively uniform, globular morphology, with dimensions that vary within a narrow physiological range. On average, the fruits maintain a mean length and width of 0.4 cm, reflecting a balanced, symmetrical structure. While most specimens cluster around this average, the individual fruit dimensions can fluctuate, reaching a minimum size of 0.35 cm in both length and width. At the upper limit of their developmental capacity, the fruits can expand to a maximum length and width of 0.45 cm, ensuring a consistent size distribution within the species' reproductive cycle.

Fruit length max:

0.45 cm

Fruit length mean:

0.4 cm

Fruit length min:

0.35 cm

Fruit width max:

0.45 cm

Fruit width mean:

0.4 cm

Fruit width min:

0.35 cm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Euphorbia kansui has 1 reported plant parts identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root.

Root

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
3. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
4. Journal of natural products
5. International journal of molecular sciences

Chemicals

Euphorbia kansui has 34 reported phytochemicals identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 3-O-(2'E,4'Z-decadienoyl)-20-O-acetylingenol, Terpenoids, ingenol, 3-O-(2'E,4'E-decadienoyl)-20-O-acetylingenol, 3-O-(2'E,4'Z-Decadienoyl)-20-deoxyingenol.

3-O-(2'E,4'Z-decadienoyl)-20-O-acetylingenol

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
3. Journal of natural products
4. BMC complementary and alternative medicine
5. International journal of molecular sciences

Terpenoids

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
3. BMC complementary and alternative medicine

ingenol

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
3. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

3-O-(2'E,4'E-decadienoyl)-20-O-acetylingenol

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. Journal of natural products

3-O-(2'E,4'Z-Decadienoyl)-20-deoxyingenol

1. BMC complementary and alternative medicine
2. International journal of molecular sciences

5-O-benzoyl-20-deoxyingenol

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. International journal of molecular sciences

Kansuinine A

1. BMC complementary and alternative medicine
2. International journal of molecular sciences

Kansuiphorin C

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. International journal of molecular sciences

epi-kansenone

1. International journal of molecular sciences
2. Journal of natural products

kansenone

1. International journal of molecular sciences
2. Journal of natural products

Activities

Euphorbia kansui has 7 reported activities identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antiproliferative, Diuretic, Anticancer, Antitumor, Antiviral.

Antiproliferative

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Diuretic

1. The American journal of Chinese medicine
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Anticancer

1. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Antitumor

1. The American journal of Chinese medicine

Antiviral

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Purgative

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Toxic

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis

Conditions

Euphorbia kansui has 11 reported investigations on conditions identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include edema, ascites, asthma, breast cancer, cancer.

Edema

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
3. Journal of ethnopharmacology
4. International journal of molecular sciences
5. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

Ascites

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
3. International journal of molecular sciences
4. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

Asthma

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. International journal of molecular sciences

Breast cancer

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Cancer

1. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Colon cancer

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Gastric cancer

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Inflammation

1. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology

Malignant pleural effusion

1. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

1. Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES

Preparations

Euphorbia kansui has 19 reported preparations identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include stir-fried with vinegar, dried roots, fry-baked with vinegar, root, 60% EtOH extract.

Stir-fried with vinegar

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Pharmaceutical biology
3. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
4. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Dried roots

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. International journal of molecular sciences

Fry-baked with vinegar

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Root

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. International journal of molecular sciences

60% etoh extract

1. Journal of natural products

95% ethanol extract

1. International journal of molecular sciences

E. kansui extract

1. Planta medica

Ek stir-fried with vinegar

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Euphorbia kansui extract

1. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

Crude kansui

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)