Euphorbia hirta

Euphorbia hirta, commonly known as asthma weed or pantotan, is a versatile medicinal herb found in tropical regions. Renowned in traditional medicine, it possesses potent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and bronchodilatory properties. This resilient plant is frequently utilized to treat respiratory ailments, digestive issues, and skin infections throughout various cultures.

  • Scientific name: Euphorbia hirta
  • Family: Euphorbiaceae
  • Native range: Africa

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Malpighiales, it is classified under the family Euphorbiaceae. Finally, it is identified by its genus, Euphorbia.

Rank Classification Source
Kingdom Plantae WCVP
Phylum Streptophyta WCVP
Class Equisetopsida WCVP
Subclass Magnoliidae WCVP
Order Malpighiales WCVP
Family Euphorbiaceae WCVP
Genus Euphorbia WCVP

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical distribution spanning several distinct regions. In Northern Africa, its presence is documented across the countries of Egypt, Libya, and Morocco. The species also extends into the Macaronesia region, specifically found in Cape Verde. Furthermore, its range reaches into West Tropical Africa, where it is located in Benin. Together, these locations highlight the wide environmental adaptability of the species.

Region Area Source
Northern Africa Egypt WCVP
Northern Africa Libya WCVP
Northern Africa Morocco WCVP
Macaronesia Cape Verde WCVP
West Tropical Africa Benin WCVP
West Tropical Africa Burkina WCVP
West Tropical Africa Gambia WCVP
West Tropical Africa Ghana WCVP
West Tropical Africa Guinea-Bissau WCVP
West Tropical Africa Guinea WCVP

Chemicals

Euphorbia hirta has 46 reported phytochemicals identified across 68 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include flavonoids, tannins, saponins, quercetin, cardiac glycosides.

Total chemicals
46
Scientific sources
68

Most Reported Compounds

Compound Sources Confidence
flavonoids 7 ★★★★☆
tannins 7 ★★★★☆
saponins 5 ★★★☆☆
quercetin 3 ★★☆☆☆
cardiac glycosides 2 ★☆☆☆☆
ellagic acid 2 ★☆☆☆☆
flavonoid 2 ★☆☆☆☆
glycosides 2 ★☆☆☆☆
2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol 1 ★☆☆☆☆
CH2Cl2 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Activities

Euphorbia hirta has 18 reported activities identified across 26 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Antiviral, Anticancer, Antispasmodic, Spasmolytic.

Total activities
18
Scientific sources
26

Most Reported Activities

Activity Sources Confidence
Antibacterial 4 ★★☆☆☆
Antiviral 3 ★★☆☆☆
Anticancer 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Antispasmodic 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Spasmolytic 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Antiallergic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Anticonvulsant 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antifertility 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antifungal 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antipyretic 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Medicinal Uses

Euphorbia hirta has 40 reported medicinal uses identified across 53 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include asthma, Helicobacter pylori, colic, cough, diarrhea.

Total uses
40
Scientific sources
53

Most Reported Uses

Use Sources Confidence
asthma 6 ★★★☆☆
Helicobacter pylori 2 ★☆☆☆☆
colic 2 ★☆☆☆☆
cough 2 ★☆☆☆☆
diarrhea 2 ★☆☆☆☆
dysentery 2 ★☆☆☆☆
malaria 2 ★☆☆☆☆
snakebite 2 ★☆☆☆☆
wounds 2 ★☆☆☆☆
COVID-19 1 ★☆☆☆☆