Euphorbia fischeriana

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Tithymalus fischerianus
• Galarhoeus fischerianus
• Tithymalus pallasii
• Galarhoeus pallasii
• Euphorbia fischeriana f. glaberrima
• Euphorbia pallasii
• Euphorbia pallasii var. glaberrima
• Euphorbia pallasii f. glaberrima

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. It is further organized under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Malpighiales, falling into the family Euphorbiaceae. Finally, it is identified within the genus Euphorbia as the species Euphorbia fischeriana.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a wide geographical distribution across several distinct regions of East Asia. In Russia, its presence is specifically noted within the Chitá region of Siberia. Moving into China, it can be found spanning from Inner Mongolia to the Manchuria area, as well as across North-Central China. The species also extends its range into the territory of Mongolia. Collectively, these locations highlight a broad habitat stretching across northern continental landscapes.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Euphorbia fischeriana is characterized by its preference for dry slopes, where it thrives within a specific altitudinal gradient. This species is typically found at elevations ranging from a minimum of 100 m AMSL to a maximum of 600 m AMSL, with its distribution centering around a mean elevation of 350 m AMSL.

Elevational range max:

600 m AMSL

Elevational range mean:

350 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

100 m AMSL

Habitat :

Dry slopes

Life history

The life history of Euphorbia fischeriana is characterized by a perennial lifecycle, allowing the plant to persist through multiple growing seasons. Structurally, it is classified as a hemicryptophyte, a life form where the perennating buds are located at the soil surface, protected by leaf litter or organic matter during unfavorable periods. This growth strategy, consistent with its designation as a hemicryptophyte across various morphological classifications, enables the species to effectively navigate its environmental niche by maintaining its vital organs at the ground level.

Life form :

hemicryptophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Euphorbia fischeriana is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb, typically manifesting as a forb. This species exhibits a relatively low stature, with a plant height ranging from a minimum of 0.1 m to a maximum of 0.4 m. In terms of its ecological positioning and habit, it is a self-supporting plant that does not function as a climber. It is categorized as an independent organism, meaning it does not act as a parasite, and it maintains a terrestrial existence rather than being an epiphyte. While its habitat can encompass aquatic or semiaquatic environments, its fundamental growth habit is classified as terrestrial.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

0.4 m

Plant height min:

0.1 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiology of Euphorbia fischeriana is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which dictates its carbon fixation processes and metabolic efficiency. The vegetative morphology of the plant is defined by its leaf dimensions, which exhibit specific structural variations. The leaves possess a mean length of 5.25 cm, ranging from a minimum of 4 cm to a maximum of 6.5 cm. In terms of lateral expansion, the leaf width maintains a mean of 1.5 cm, with measurements fluctuating between a minimum of 1 cm and a maximum of 2 cm. These morphological parameters reflect the plant's physiological adaptations in managing light interception and gas exchange through its leaf surface area.

Leaf length max:

6.5 cm

Leaf length mean:

5.25 cm

Leaf length min:

4 cm

Leaf width max:

2 cm

Leaf width mean:

1.5 cm

Leaf width min:

1 cm

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Reproduction

The reproduction of Euphorbia fischeriana is characterized by a monoecious sexual reproduction system, where both male and female reproductive organs are present on the same plant. The flowering period is highly concentrated, with the flowering start and flowering end both occurring in May, although the timing can be variable. Following pollination, the plant produces small fruits that exhibit consistent dimensions. The fruit length is remarkably uniform, maintaining a minimum, mean, and maximum value of 0.6 cm. In terms of fruit width, the dimensions vary slightly, with a minimum width of 0.6 cm, a mean width of 0.65 cm, and a maximum width of 0.7 cm.

Flowering time :

May

Fruit length max:

0.6 cm

Fruit width max:

0.7 cm

Fruit width mean:

0.65 cm

Fruit width min:

0.6 cm

Reproduction sexual :

monoecious

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Euphorbia fischeriana has 1 reported plant parts identified across 8 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root.

Root

1. Journal of natural products
2. Organic & biomolecular chemistry
3. Fitoterapia
4. Phytochemistry
5. BMC genomics

Chemicals

Euphorbia fischeriana has 23 reported phytochemicals identified across 8 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 12-Deoxyphorbol 13-acetate, Tannins, 12-deoxyphorbol-13,20-diacetete, 12-deoxyphorbol-13-hexadecanoate, 17-Hydroxyjolkinolide B.

12-Deoxyphorbol 13-acetate

1. BMC genomics
2. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

Tannins

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Phytochemistry

12-deoxyphorbol-13,20-diacetete

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

12-deoxyphorbol-13-hexadecanoate

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

17-Hydroxyjolkinolide B

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

17-hydroxy-jolkinolide A

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methylacetophenone

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy acetophenone

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methyl-acetophenone

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

24-methylenecycloartenone

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Activities

Euphorbia fischeriana has 3 reported activities identified across 8 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antiviral.

Antibacterial

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Anticancer

1. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Antiviral

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Medicinal Uses

Euphorbia fischeriana has 8 reported medicinal uses identified across 8 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include cancer, abdominal pain, ascites, cough, dyspepsia.

Most Reported Uses

Preparations