Erythroxylum monogynum

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad geographical distribution across several key regions of Asia. Within the Indian Subcontinent, it is commonly found throughout the diverse landscapes of India. Its presence also extends to the neighboring territory of Bangladesh. Furthermore, the species can be identified growing in various parts of Sri Lanka. Finally, its range reaches into the Indo-China region, specifically within Myanmar.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Erythroxylum monogynum is characterized by its status as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist in its environment over many successive growing seasons. Throughout its development, it maintains an evergreen habit, ensuring that its foliage remains functional and present year-round rather than shedding seasonally.

Deciduousness :

evergreen

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Erythroxylum monogynum is characterized by its distinct growth habit and structural composition. The plant functions as a tree, exhibiting a robust and permanent architecture. In terms of its climbing capabilities, it demonstrates a self-supporting nature, categorized as both a liana and a vine that can function as a self-supporting structure through its own mechanical strength. This growth form is further defined by its woody consistency, possessing a permanent, lignified stem structure typical of woody perennials.

Climber :

self-supporting

Growth form :

tree

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Erythroxylum monogynum is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, utilizing the standard Calvin cycle for carbon fixation without the specialized adaptations found in C4 or CAM species. Regarding its nutrient acquisition processes, the plant does not function as a nitrogen fixer, meaning it lacks the symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria required to convert atmospheric nitrogen into bioavailable forms.

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Reproduction

Reproduction in Erythroxylum monogynum is characterized by the production of specialized seeds that play a critical role in the dispersal and establishment of new individuals. Based on botanical data, the seed mass of this species is remarkably consistent, exhibiting no variance across observed samples. The seed mass mean, maximum, and minimum values are all recorded at a uniform 0.02841 g. This precise uniformity in seed mass suggests a highly stabilized reproductive strategy, ensuring that each seed carries a standardized amount of nutrient reserves to support early seedling development during the germination process.

Seed mass mean:

0.02841 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Erythroxylum monogynum has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf.

Leaf

1. Parasitology research

Chemicals

Erythroxylum monogynum has 16 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamate, 3alpha-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyloxy)tropane, Bisabolene, CADINENE, CAPRIC ACID.

3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamate

1. Dr. Duke

3alpha-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyloxy)tropane

1. Dr. Duke

Bisabolene

1. Dr. Duke

CADINENE

1. Dr. Duke

CAPRIC ACID

1. Dr. Duke

Erythroxylol A

1. Dr. Duke

Erythroxylol A acetate epoxide

1. Dr. Duke

Erythroxylol A epoxide

1. Dr. Duke

Erythroxylol B

1. Dr. Duke

Erythroxytriol P

1. Dr. Duke

Activities

Erythroxylum monogynum has 30 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Anesthetic, Anorexic, Antiarrhythmic, Antibacterial, Antiepistactic.

Anesthetic

1. Dr. Duke

Anorexic

1. Dr. Duke

Antiarrhythmic

1. Dr. Duke

Antibacterial

1. Dr. Duke

Antiepistactic

1. Dr. Duke

Antifeedant

1. Dr. Duke

Arterioconstrictor

1. Dr. Duke

CNS-Stimulant

1. Dr. Duke

Cardiotonic

1. Dr. Duke

Convulsant

1. Dr. Duke

Conditions

Erythroxylum monogynum has 1 reported investigations on conditions identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Plasmodium falciparum.

Plasmodium falciparum

1. Parasitology research