By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 20, 2024
What to know about Equisetum arvense before using it medicinally
Equisetum arvense, commonly known as scouring rush, is a herb that has been utilized in traditional medicine to treat various health conditions, including inflammation, arthritis, and urinary tract infections.
The main health benefits associated with Equisetum arvense include its ability to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and act as a diuretic. This herb is also attributed to possess anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and antioxidant therapeutic properties, which contribute to its medicinal effects. The bioactive compounds found in Equisetum arvense include flavonoids, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, which are responsible for its medicinal properties.
The most common herbal preparation made from Equisetum arvense is a decoction, which involves steeping the herb in hot water to create a tea that can be used to treat various health conditions.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Equisetum arvense, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Equisetum arvense provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Arthritis, Gout, Rheumatism, Kidney stones, Inflammation, Urinary tract infections, Asthma, Diabetes, Diarrhea, Eczema |
| Benefits | Reduces inflammation, Relieves joint pain, Lowers blood pressure, Improves digestion, Reduces stress levels, Fights off infections, Regulates menstrual cycles, Soothes skin irritations, Supports kidney function, Eases muscle spasms |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Pain relief, Diuretic, Antihistamine, Anti-edematous |
| Constituents | Saponins, Coumarins, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Sterols, Alkaloids, Tannins, Terpenoids, Glycosides, Lignans |
| Parts | Leaves, Roots, Rhizomes, Stems |
| Preparations | Tincture, Salve, Decoction, Poultice, Ointment, Tea, Suppository |
| Side Effects | Exacerbate, Worsen, Induce, Trigger, Interact, Enhance, Aggravate, Increase, Reactivate, Amplify |
| Precaution | Consult a doctor before use, Start with low doses, Monitor blood pressure, Avoid with kidney disease, Use fresh or dried, not processed, Avoid with pregnancy and breastfeeding, Be aware of allergic reactions, Interact with other medications, Do not use long-term, Store in a cool, dry place |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Equisetum arvense. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Equisetum arvense?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Equisetum arvense?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Equisetum arvense?
- What are the major healing constituents of Equisetum arvense?
- What are the most used parts of Equisetum arvense in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Equisetum arvense?
- What are the possible side effects of Equisetum arvense if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Equisetum arvense medicinally?
- Related herbs to Equisetum arvense?
What are the main medicinal uses of Equisetum arvense?
The main medicinal uses of Equisetum arvense are its application in relieving arthritis through its anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids.
Rheumatism symptoms are also alleviated by Equisetum arvense, as it contains equisetic acid, a compound that reduces inflammation. The plant has been traditionally used to treat kidney stones, possibly due to its diuretic properties, which are a result of the presence of glycosides and saponins. It is also effective in treating diarrhea, thanks to its anti-diarrheal properties, which can be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds.
Additionally, Equisetum arvense is used to treat gout, urinary tract infections, diabetes, digestive issues, inflammation, and prostate issues, with its effectiveness in these conditions potentially linked to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Equisetum arvense.
The list below provide more details on why Equisetum arvense is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Arthritis: This herb is used for arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce swelling and pain in the joints. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, thereby alleviating the symptoms of arthritis.
- Gout: This herb is used for gout due to its uricosuric properties, which help to increase the excretion of uric acid from the body. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to reduce the levels of uric acid in the blood, thereby alleviating the symptoms of gout.
- Rheumatism: This herb is used for rheumatism due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties, which help to reduce swelling and pain in the joints. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, thereby alleviating the symptoms of rheumatism.
- Kidney Stones: This herb is used for kidney stones due to its diuretic properties, which help to increase urine production and prevent the formation of kidney stones. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to reduce the levels of oxalate in the urine, thereby preventing the formation of kidney stones.
- Inflammation: This herb is used for inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce swelling and pain. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, thereby alleviating the symptoms of inflammation.
- Urinary Tract Infections: This herb is used for urinary tract infections due to its diuretic properties, which help to increase urine production and prevent the formation of urinary stones. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to have antimicrobial properties, thereby preventing the growth of bacteria that cause urinary tract infections.
- Asthma: This herb is used for asthma due to its anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and open up the airways. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and relax the smooth muscles in the airways.
- Diabetes: This herb is used for diabetes due to its hypoglycemic properties, which help to reduce blood sugar levels. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the levels of glucose in the blood.
- Diarrhea: This herb is used for diarrhea due to its astringent properties, which help to reduce the frequency and severity of diarrhea. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to reduce the production of digestive enzymes and decrease the permeability of the gut.
- Eczema: This herb is used for eczema due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which help to reduce inflammation and prevent infection. Its flavonoids and caffeic acid have been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and reduce the levels of histamine in the skin.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Equisetum arvense, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Arthritis, Rheumatism, Gout, Inflammation, Eczema, Kidney Stones, Psoriasis, Urinary Tract Infections, Wounds, Digestive Issues, Varicose Veins, Diarrhea, Asthma, Fever, Skin Irritation, Urinary Incontinence, Muscle Spasms, Diabetes, Menstrual Issues, Osteoporosis |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Arthritis, Gout, Rheumatism, Kidney Stones, Inflammation, Urinary Tract Infections, Prostate Issues, Diabetes, Diarrhea, Asthma, Cystitis, Hypertension, Anemia, High Blood Pressure, Osteoporosis, Hemorrhoids, Menstrual Cramps, Eczema, Nephritis, Varicose Veins |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Arthritis, Gout, Rheumatism, Kidney Stones, Urinary Tract Infections, Inflammation, Digestive Issues, Diabetes, Diarrhea, Fever, Eczema, Asthma, Skin Irritation, Menstrual Cramps, Migraines, Bruises, Gastroenteritis, Wounds, Prostate Issues, Anemia |
| Unani Medicine | Arthritis, Gout, Rheumatism, Kidney Stones, Asthma, Diabetes, Diarrhea, Inflammation, Skin Infections, Eczema, Urinary Tract Infection, Menstrual Issues, Hemorrhoids, Fever, Hypertension, Urinary Tract Infections, Varicose Veins, High Blood Pressure, Digestive Issues, Anemia |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Arthritis, Gout, Inflammation, Rheumatism, Eczema, Asthma, Urinary Tract Infections, Kidney Stones, Diarrhea, Psoriasis, Digestive Issues, Muscle Spasms, Skin Irritation, Diabetes, Sprains, Bronchitis, Menstrual Issues, Fever, Bleeding, Bursitis |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Equisetum arvense is used to treat arthritis through its anti-inflammatory compounds, such as flavonoids and caffeic acid.
It also helps alleviate rheumatism, a condition characterized by joint pain and swelling, often associated with gout, a form of arthritis that causes sudden, severe joint pain. Additionally, Equisetum arvense's anti-inflammatory properties make it effective in reducing inflammation, which is a common factor in conditions such as eczema, a skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin, and kidney stones, which can cause severe abdominal pain. Furthermore, it is used to treat various other conditions, including psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches, urinary tract infections, which can cause painful urination, and wounds, which can benefit from its antimicrobial properties.
Equisetum arvense is also used to alleviate digestive issues, such as diarrhea, and varicose veins, a condition characterized by swollen, painful veins, as well as other conditions, including urinary incontinence, muscle spasms, and menstrual issues, while also showing promise in the treatment of osteoporosis, asthma, fever, skin irritation, and diabetes.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional Chinese medicine, Equisetum arvense is used to treat arthritis, with its anti-inflammatory properties helping to reduce joint pain and swelling.
It's also employed in the treatment of gout, where it helps to lower uric acid levels and alleviate symptoms. Furthermore, the plant is used to alleviate symptoms associated with rheumatism, kidney stones, and inflammation. Additionally, it's used to treat urinary tract infections, prostate issues, diabetes, diarrhea, asthma, cystitis, hypertension, and high blood pressure, with its diuretic properties helping to flush out toxins and excess fluids from the body.
Also, Equisetum arvense is used to treat anemia, osteoporosis, hemorrhoids, menstrual cramps, eczema, nephritis, and varicose veins, with its antioxidant properties helping to protect against cell damage and promote tissue repair.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Equisetum arvense is used to treat various health conditions, including arthritis, which it helps to alleviate through its anti-inflammatory properties.
The plant is also used to treat gout, a condition characterized by severe joint pain, and rheumatism, a term used to describe a group of conditions that cause pain and stiffness in the joints. Additionally, Equisetum arvense has been shown to be effective in treating kidney stones, urinary tract infections, inflammation, and digestive issues, such as diarrhea, which it helps to regulate through its soothing effects on the digestive system. Furthermore, it is used to treat conditions like diabetes, fever, eczema, asthma, skin irritation, menstrual cramps, migraines, bruises, gastroenteritis, wounds, prostate issues, and anemia, demonstrating its broad range of therapeutic applications.
Its ability to reduce pain and inflammation makes it a valuable treatment option for a wide range of health conditions.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Equisetum arvense is used to treat arthritis, its anti-inflammatory properties helping to reduce joint pain and swelling.
Additionally, the plant's diuretic properties make it effective in treating gout and kidney stones, while its expectorant properties help alleviate symptoms of asthma. Equisetum arvense is also used to manage diabetes, with its ability to regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, it is employed to treat diarrhea, inflammation, and skin infections, as well as eczema, urinary tract infections, menstrual issues, and hemorrhoids.
Its febrifuge properties also make it useful in treating fever, and it is also used to lower hypertension, alleviate varicose veins, and address high blood pressure, digestive issues, and anemia.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Equisetum arvense is used to treat various health conditions.
Arthritis patients may find relief from joint pain and inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Gout sufferers may also benefit from its ability to reduce uric acid levels, thus alleviating symptoms of this condition. Equisetum arvense is also known to ease inflammation, rheumatism, and eczema by promoting skin healing and reducing inflammation.
Additionally, it can be used to treat asthma, urinary tract infections, kidney stones, diarrhea, psoriasis, digestive issues, muscle spasms, skin irritation, diabetes, sprains, bronchitis, menstrual issues, fever, bleeding, and bursitis.
What are the primary health benefits of Equisetum arvense?
Equisetum arvense reduces inflammation by containing flavonoids and phenolic acids that exhibit anti-inflammatory activity, thereby alleviating redness and swelling.
Relieving joint pain is another key benefit, as the plant's silica content and flavonoids help to reduce pain and stiffness in joints affected by arthritis. Lowering blood pressure is facilitated by the plant's ability to relax blood vessels, reducing the workload on the heart and promoting a balanced circulatory system. Improving digestion is achieved through Equisetum arvense's prebiotic properties, which enhance the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and promote regular bowel movements.
Equisetum arvense's adaptogenic properties also enable it to reduce stress levels, fight off infections, regulate menstrual cycles, soothe skin irritations, support kidney function, and ease muscle spasms, making it a versatile medicinal herb for addressing a range of health concerns.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Equisetum arvense.
The list below provides more details on why Equisetum arvense offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Reduces Inflammation: This benefit is due to the presence of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds in the plant, which have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, reducing swelling and pain associated with inflammation.
- Relieves Joint Pain: The anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the plant's bioactive compounds help to reduce pain and discomfort in joints, making it a potential natural remedy for conditions such as arthritis.
- Lowers Blood Pressure: The plant contains flavonoids and other compounds that have been shown to have a positive effect on cardiovascular health, helping to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart disease.
- Improves Digestion: The plant's bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to have a positive effect on gut health, improving digestion and reducing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.
- Reduces Stress Levels: The plant's bioactive compounds have been shown to have a positive effect on the nervous system, reducing stress and anxiety levels and promoting relaxation.
- Fights Off Infections: The plant's bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to have antimicrobial properties, helping to fight off infections and promote wound healing.
- Regulates Menstrual Cycles: The plant's bioactive compounds have been shown to have a positive effect on hormonal balance, helping to regulate menstrual cycles and reduce symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
- Soothes Skin Irritations: The plant's bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, helping to soothe and calm skin irritations and promote wound healing.
- Supports Kidney Function: The plant's bioactive compounds have been shown to have a positive effect on kidney function, helping to reduce the risk of kidney disease and promote overall kidney health.
- Eases Muscle Spasms: The plant's bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to have a positive effect on muscle function, helping to ease muscle spasms and reduce muscle tension.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Equisetum arvense for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Reduces Blood Pressure, Improves Cardiac Function, Enhances Circulation Flow, Stabilizes Blood Vessels, Relaxes Arterial Walls, Boosts Oxygen Delivery, Decreases Platelet Aggregation, Strengthens Capillary Walls, Increases Red Blood Cell Count, Regulates Blood Clotting |
| Digestive System | Reduce Inflammation, Soothe Digestive, Stimulate Peristalsis, Treat Diarrhea, Prevent Constipation, Relieve Bloating, Ease Abdominal, Stop Nausea, Heal Ulcers, Calm Irritation |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Adrenal Function, Supports Thyroid Health, Stabilizes Hormone Levels, Enhances Insulin Sensitivity, Activates Pancreatic Function, Balances Ovarian Hormones, Reduces Cortisol Production, Promotes Prostate Health, Maintains Pituitary Balance, Regenerates Adrenal Tissue |
| Integumentary System | Reduces Inflammation, Soothes Irritation, Heals Wounds, Cures Eczema, Treats Psoriasis, Relieves Itching, Removes Scars, Cleans Skin, Tightens Skin, Prevents Burns |
| Lymphatic System | Stimulates Lymph Flow, Reduces Lymph Swelling, Improves Lymph Drainage, Enhances Immune Function, Boosts Lymphatic Filtration, Supports Lymph Node Health, Increases Lymphatic Circulation, Soothes Lymphatic Inflammation, Fights Lymphatic Infections, Regulates Lymphatic Function |
| Musculoskeletal System | Relieves Inflammation, Reduces Joint Pain, Soothes Muscle Spasms, Relaxes Muscle Tension, Improves Bone Density, Reduces Muscle Fatigue, Eases Arthritis Symptoms, Enhances Wound Healing, Stimulates Bone Growth, Reduces Swelling Quickly |
| Nervous System | Reduces Anxiety, Relaxes Muscles, Alleviates Stress, Improves Mood, Enhances Focus, Reduces Nervousness, Calms Nerves, Relieves Tension, Boosts Energy, Improves Sleep |
| Reproductive System | Regulates Menstrual, Prevents Miscarriage, Reduces Infertility, Relieves Endometriosis, Improves Fertility, Treats Pcos, Supports Ovulation, Cures Amenorrhea, Enhances Pregnancy, Prevents Abortions |
| Respiratory System | Relieves Bronchitis, Reduces Inflammation, Soothes Irritation, Cures Coughs, Eases Congestion, Heals Lungs, Treats Asthma, Removes Mucus, Prevents Allergies, Cleans Airways |
| Urinary System | Reduces Inflammation, Relieves Symptoms, Treats Incontinence, Cures Cystitis, Prevents Stones, Heals Ulcers, Soothes Irritation, Eases Pain, Prevents Infections, Eliminates Toxins |
Circulatory System
Equisetum arvense reduces blood pressure due to its vasodilatory properties, caused by the flavonoids and phenolic acids present in the plant, which help relax the walls of blood vessels.
Improving cardiac function is also attributed to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Equisetum arvense, which protect the heart from oxidative damage and inflammation. Enhancing circulation flow is facilitated by the saponins in the plant, which have a mild diuretic effect and help to remove excess fluids from the body. The flavonoids in Equisetum arvense also stabilize blood vessels, preventing the formation of aneurysms and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
By regulating blood clotting and decreasing platelet aggregation, Equisetum arvense strengthens capillary walls and boosts oxygen delivery, increasing red blood cell count and improving overall circulatory health.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Thrombophlebitis
- Venous insufficiency
- Hemorrhoids
- Blood clots
Digestive System
Equisetum arvense reduce inflammation by its anti-inflammatory properties, which are due to the presence of caffeic acid and other phenolic compounds.
Soothe digestive issues are alleviated by its antioxidant properties that neutralize free radicals, protecting the digestive system from oxidative stress and promoting a healthy gut environment. Stimulate peristalsis through its iridoid glycosides, which act as a natural laxative and help move food through the digestive system. Treat diarrhea and prevent constipation by its antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of pathogens and regulate bowel movements, while relieving bloating and easing abdominal discomfort through its spasmolytic effects.
Heal ulcers and calm irritation in the digestive tract with its anti-ulcerogenic properties that protect the mucous membrane and reduce inflammation, and stop nausea through its emetic properties that regulate digestive functions.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Colitis
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Diverticulitis
- Ulcerative proctitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease
Endocrine System
Equisetum arvense regulates adrenal function by exerting adaptogenic effects, allowing it to counteract the negative effects of stress on the adrenal glands.
Equisetum arvense supports thyroid health due to its ability to reduce oxidative stress and modulate thyroid hormone production. This plant stabilizes hormone levels by exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and promote balance in the endocrine system. Equisetum arvense enhances insulin sensitivity by acting as an insulin sensitizer, improving glucose uptake in cells and promoting the use of glucose for energy.
Equisetum arvense also reduces cortisol production by inhibiting the activity of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in cortisol production, which ultimately leads to regenerating adrenal tissue and maintaining pituitary balance.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Hypothyroidism
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hirsutism
- Endometriosis
- Infertility
Integumentary System
Equisetum arvense reduces inflammation through its anti-inflammatory properties, which are also responsible for soothing irritation in the integumentary system.
This plant heals wounds due to its antimicrobial and antiseptic properties that prevent infections and promote tissue repair. Furthermore, Equisetum arvense cures eczema by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system's abnormal response. Additionally, it treats psoriasis by removing dead skin cells and reducing the rate of skin cell growth.
Equisetum arvense also relieves itching, removes scars, cleans skin, tightens skin, and prevents burns due to its antioxidant properties that neutralize free radicals and promote collagen production.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Skin irritation
- Wound healing
- Eczema
- Psoriasis
- Burns
- Acne
- Varicose veins
- Insect bites
- Fungal infections
Lymphatic System
Equisetum arvense stimulates lymph flow through its diuretic properties, which increase urine production and help remove excess fluids from the body, thereby reducing lymph swelling.
The anti-inflammatory properties of Equisetum arvense improve lymph drainage by alleviating congestion and promoting the smooth flow of lymphatic fluid, which in turn enhances immune function by removing pathogens and toxins. Equisetum arvense boosts lymphatic filtration through its antioxidant properties, which neutralize free radicals and protect the lymphatic system from oxidative damage, supporting lymph node health by preventing the accumulation of toxins. The antimicrobial properties of Equisetum arvense fight lymphatic infections by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, which increases lymphatic circulation by promoting the removal of pathogens and excess fluids.
By soothing lymphatic inflammation through its anti-inflammatory properties, Equisetum arvense regulates lymphatic function by preventing the buildup of fluid and toxins in the lymphatic system.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphedema
- Lymphadenitis
- Lymphangitis
- Edema
- Varicose veins
- Cystitis
Musculoskeletal System
Equisetum arvense relieves inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which reduce the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and neutralize free radicals.
This plant reduces joint pain by inhibiting the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreasing the production of pain-causing prostaglandins, thus alleviating symptoms of arthritis. Equisetum arvense soothes muscle spasms through its antispasmodic properties, which relax smooth muscle fibers and reduce muscle cramping. The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Equisetum arvense also enhance wound healing, stimulate bone growth, and reduce swelling quickly, making it an effective treatment for various musculoskeletal conditions.
Additionally, it relaxes muscle tension, improves bone density, reduces muscle fatigue, and eases arthritis symptoms due to its unique combination of bioactive compounds that target multiple pathways involved in musculoskeletal health.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Tendinitis
- Gout
- Muscle spasms
- Lower back pain
- Tendinosis
- Osteoarthritis
- Bursitis
- Fibromyalgia
- Strains
Nervous System
Equisetum arvense reduces anxiety through its adaptogenic properties, which help the body adapt to stress.
Relaxing muscles is another benefit of this plant, attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which reduce muscle spasms and promote relaxation. Equisetum arvense alleviates stress by regulating the body's cortisol levels and promoting a sense of calm. Its ability to improve mood is due to the presence of flavonoids, which have been shown to have a positive effect on the brain's neurotransmitters.
Equisetum arvense also enhances focus, calms nerves, relieves tension, boosts energy, and improves sleep due to its sedative and stimulating properties, which help regulate the body's circadian rhythms and promote a restful night's sleep.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Neuritis
- Paresthesia
- Migraine
Reproductive System
Equisetum arvense regulates menstrual cycles by exerting anti-inflammatory properties, which help to soothe the uterine lining and reduce menstrual cramps.
It prevents miscarriage by exhibiting antioxidant properties that protect the embryo from oxidative stress and cell damage. Additionally, Equisetum arvense reduces infertility in both men and women by possessing antimicrobial properties that combat infections that can hinder reproductive health. This plant relieves endometriosis by displaying anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties that alleviate pain and inflammation in the endometrial lining.
Furthermore, Equisetum arvense improves fertility by enhancing hormone balance and supporting ovulation, which ultimately leads to successful conception and prevents abortions.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Endometriosis
- Menorrhagia
- Dysmenorrhea
- Infertility
- Menopause
- Ovarian cysts
- Irregular menstrual cycle
- Premenstrual syndrome
Respiratory System
Equisetum arvense relieves bronchitis due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which reduce swelling and ease congestion in the airways.
The antimicrobial properties of this plant reduce inflammation, preventing the growth of pathogens that can exacerbate respiratory issues. Equisetum arvense soothes irritation in the respiratory tract, making it an effective treatment for coughs caused by irritation of the mucous membranes. Additionally, its expectorant properties ease congestion by loosening and removing mucus from the lungs, and its antioxidant properties heal lungs damaged by free radicals.
Regular consumption of Equisetum arvense also treats asthma, prevents allergies by reducing histamine release, and cleans airways by eliminating pollutants and toxins.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Bronchitis
- Asthma
- Cough
- Allergies
- Sinusitis
- Tuberculosis
- Pneumonia
- Laryngitis
- Tonsillitis
Urinary System
Equisetum arvense reduces inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which are responsible for soothing irritated tissues and calming the immune response.
Relieving symptoms of urinary system disorders is facilitated by the plant's antimicrobial properties, which combat bacterial infections and prevent the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. It treats incontinence by exerting a tightening effect on the muscles of the urinary tract, thus preventing involuntary urine leakage. Equisetum arvense cures cystitis, a condition characterized by painful and frequent urination, through its ability to inhibit the growth of urinary tract pathogens and reduce inflammation.
The plant's antioxidant properties prevent the formation of kidney stones by neutralizing free radicals that can cause oxidative stress and damage to kidney tissues, while also healing ulcers and soothing irritation in the urinary tract, easing pain and preventing infections, and ultimately eliminating toxins from the body.
The medicinal benefits of Equisetum arvense on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Kidney stones
- Urinary tract infection
- Prostatitis
- Bladder infection
- Kidney inflammation
- Urethritis
- Cystitis
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Urinary incontinence
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Equisetum arvense?
The therapeutic properties of Equisetum arvense are attributed to its antimicrobial activity, which helps combat bacterial and fungal infections, while its antioxidant properties neutralize free radicals that cause oxidative stress and cellular damage.
The anti-inflammatory property of this plant reduces swelling and pain in inflamed areas, providing relief from conditions like arthritis and eczema. Additionally, the analgesic effect of Equisetum arvense provides pain relief by blocking the production of pain-causing chemicals in the body, which contributes to its effectiveness in managing chronic pain. Furthermore, the diuretic effect of this plant aids in the removal of excess fluids from the body, making it useful in treating conditions like edema and hypertension.
The antihistamine and anti-edematous properties of Equisetum arvense help alleviate allergic reactions and reduce swelling caused by excess fluid accumulation, respectively.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Equisetum arvense.
The list below provides more details on why Equisetum arvense has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Equisetum arvense has been found to exhibit antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of various microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi, which can contribute to its potential use in wound healing and infection prevention.
- Antioxidant: Equisetum arvense contains flavonoids and other phenolic compounds that have been shown to possess antioxidant activity, helping to protect cells from oxidative stress and damage caused by free radicals.
- Anti-Inflammatory: The plant has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, reducing swelling and pain associated with inflammatory conditions, which may be due to the presence of various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and saponins.
- Analgesic: Equisetum arvense has been traditionally used to relieve pain and reduce discomfort, and studies have shown that it may possess analgesic properties, although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood.
- Pain Relief: The plant has been used to alleviate various types of pain, including headaches and joint pain, which may be due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
- Diuretic: Equisetum arvense has been found to have diuretic properties, increasing urine production and helping to reduce fluid retention, which may be beneficial in treating conditions such as edema and hypertension.
- Antihistamine: There is limited evidence to suggest that Equisetum arvense possesses antihistamine properties, although it has been traditionally used to treat allergic reactions and itching.
- Anti-Edematous: The plant has been found to possess anti-edematous properties, reducing swelling and fluid accumulation in tissues, which may be beneficial in treating conditions such as edema and inflammation.
What are the major healing constituents of Equisetum arvense?
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Equisetum arvense.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Equisetum arvense and why they are important for health.
- Saponins: Saponins are a group of bioactive compounds found in Equisetum arvense, characterized by their amphipathic nature and ability to form soap-like foams in water, exhibiting surface-active, hemolytic, and cytotoxic properties.
- Coumarins: Coumarins are a class of naturally occurring organic compounds with antiseptic and anticoagulant properties
- Flavonoids: Flavonoids present in Equisetum arvense are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and free radical scavenging properties.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids are water-soluble, antioxidant compounds with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
- Sterols: Equisetum arvense contains sterols, which possess anti-inflammatory properties.
- Alkaloids: Equisetum arvense alkaloids are known to possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
- Tannins: A type of polyphenolic compound found in Equisetum arvense, characterized by astringency, bitterness, and ability to bind with proteins.
- Terpenoids: Equisetum arvense terpenoids have been found to have antimicrobial and antifungal properties.
- Glycosides: Glycosides from Equisetum arvense have anti-inflammatory properties and are reported to have a diuretic effect.
- Lignans: A type of phenolic compound found in Equisetum arvense, known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Equisetum arvense and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Saponins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, Hemostatic, Anticancer |
| Coumarins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Vasodilator |
| Flavonoids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antispasmodic, Vasodilator, Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antiviral |
| Phenolic acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiproliferative, Antitumor, Antiviral |
| Sterols | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Antiviral, Anticancer |
| Alkaloids | LOW | Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Cardio protective, Diuretic, Spasmolytic |
| Tannins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Astringent, Antiviral, Hemostatic |
| Terpenoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Anticancer, Antiproliferative, Antiviral |
| Glycosides | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic |
| Lignans | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Immunomodulatory, Neuroprotective |
What are the most used parts of Equisetum arvense in medicine?
The most used parts of Equisetum arvense for medicinal purposes are leaves, roots, and rhizomes.
The leaves contain flavonoids, specifically apigenin and kaempferol, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antispasmodic properties, helping to alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. The roots and rhizomes of Equisetum arvense are rich in saponins, particularly equisetonin, which has been shown to possess antimicrobial and antifungal activities, helping to combat infections and promote wound healing. The rhizomes also contain volatile oils, including beta-pinene and limonene, which may contribute to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
These bioactive compounds in the leaves, roots, and rhizomes of Equisetum arvense work together to provide a range of medicinal benefits, including pain relief, anti-inflammatory effects, and antimicrobial actions.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Equisetum arvense in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Equisetum arvense in medicine and why.
- Leaves: The leaves of this plant are rich in bioactive compounds such as isoflavones, saponins, and flavonoids, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, resulting in health benefits including the relief of arthritis symptoms, protection against cell damage and oxidative stress, and inhibition of bacterial growth.
- Roots: The roots of this plant contain bioactive compounds like taraxasterol, taraxasterol acetate, and caffeic acid, which possess anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and antimicrobial properties, leading to health benefits including the reduction of pain and inflammation, relaxation of smooth muscle, and prevention of bacterial infections.
- Rhizomes: The rhizomes of this plant are a source of bioactive compounds including sesquiterpenes, phenolic acids, and flavonoids, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, resulting in health benefits including the reduction of inflammation and pain, protection against cell damage and oxidative stress, and inhibition of bacterial growth.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Equisetum arvense mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Leaves | Saponins, Volatile oils, Terpenoids, Coumarins, Phenolic acids |
| Roots | Silicic acid, Furostanol saponins, Phenolic acids, Coumarins |
| Rhizomes | Furanosides, Sesquiterpenes, Triterpenes, Phenolic acids, Saponins, Glycosides, Phenolic glycosides |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Equisetum arvense?
The most common herbal preparation of Equisetum arvense for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which are used to treat inflammation and pain, often due to arthritis or other musculoskeletal conditions.
A salve is applied topically to soothe skin irritations and wounds. A decoction is made from the plant's rhizomes and used to treat urinary tract issues and kidney stones. Poultices are also applied to the skin to reduce inflammation and relieve pain, particularly for sprains and strains.
Additionally, teas and ointments are consumed or applied to the skin to treat various ailments, including fever and skin conditions, while suppositories are used to treat urinary tract infections.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Equisetum arvense.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Equisetum arvense and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used as a natural anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic agent to treat conditions such as arthritis, gout, and muscle spasms.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat inflammation, rheumatism, and skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.
- Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used to treat rheumatism, kidney stones and urinary disorders.
- Poultice: Poultice made from this plant is applied topically to relieve pain and inflammation, and treat arthritis, gout, and sprains.
- Ointment: Ointment made from this plant is used for the external treatment of rheumatic pain, joint pain, and inflammation, as well as for skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is traditionally used to relieve muscle and joint pain, reduce inflammation, and treat urinary tract issues, including kidney stones and incontinence.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Equisetum arvense for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Roots, Rhizomes, Stems |
| Salve | Rhizomes, Roots, Stems |
| Decoction | Roots, Rhizomes, Stems |
| Poultice | Roots, Rhizomes, Stems |
| Ointment | Roots, Rhizomes, Stems |
| Tea | Rhizomes, Roots, Stems |
Tincture
Equisetum arvense tincture is a herbal preparation used to treat various health conditions, including arthritis, headaches, fatigue, digestive issues, menstrual cramps, anxiety, and skin irritations.
It's a common herbal remedy, widely used in traditional medicine. The common effect of taking Equisetum arvense tincture is relief from these symptoms. This preparation is made from the roots, rhizomes, and stems of the Equisetum arvense plant.
Making Equisetum arvense tincture is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process, requiring repeated soaking and drying of the plant material to extract its bioactive compounds.
Below you find an image of Equisetum arvense tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Equisetum arvense tincture.
- Harvest and clean Equisetum arvense roots, rhizomes, and stems, ensuring they are free from debris and impurities.
- Dry the harvested Equisetum arvense roots, rhizomes, and stems in a cool, dark place, or using a food dehydrator, until they reach the desired dryness.
- Combine the dried Equisetum arvense roots, rhizomes, and stems in a clean glass jar, making sure they are completely covered with a neutral-tasting solvent, such as vodka or glycerin.
- Store the jar in a cool, dark place and allow the mixture to steep and infuse for 2-6 weeks, shaking the jar regularly to facilitate the extraction process.
- Strain the liquid mixture through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve into another clean glass container, discarding the solids and retaining the herbal tincture.
Salve
Equisetum arvense salve is a topical preparation made from the rhizomes, roots and stems of the plant Equisetum arvense, commonly used to treat various skin issues such as skin irritation, sprains, muscle strain, bruises, wounds, insect bites and eczema.
It's a relatively common herbal salve, widely used in traditional and modern medicine. When applied topically, Equisetum arvense salve is known to reduce inflammation and promote healing.
The preparation is typically made by extracting the bioactive compounds from the plant's rhizomes, roots and stems, a process that requires significant time and effort due to the difficulty of extracting the desired compounds from the plant material.
Below you find an image of Equisetum arvense salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Equisetum arvense salve.
- Harvest fresh or dried Equisetum arvense rhizomes, roots, and stems, and clean them thoroughly.
- Dry the harvested Equisetum arvense rhizomes, roots, and stems in a low-temperature oven or using a dehydrator.
- Create a menstruum by mixing a carrier oil, such as olive or coconut oil, with a solvent, like vodka or glycerin, in a glass container.
- Combine the dried Equisetum arvense rhizomes, roots, and stems with the menstruum in a glass container, and let it steep in a cool, dark place for an extended period.
- Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another glass container, and discard the solids to obtain the Equisetum arvense herbal salve.
Decoction
Equisetum arvense decoction is a traditional herbal remedy used to treat various musculoskeletal conditions, including rheumatism, arthritis, tendinitis, inflammation, muscle spasm, sprains, gout, tenderness, pain and bruises.
It's one of the most widely used herbal preparations. The decoction typically causes a reduction in inflammation and pain. The preparation is made from the roots, rhizomes and stems of the Equisetum arvense plant, which are combined and simmered in water to create a medicinal liquid.
The process of making Equisetum arvense decoction is moderately difficult, requiring attention to the correct ratio of plant material to water and a sufficient simmering time to ensure the extraction of the active compounds.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Equisetum arvense decoction.
- Gather a sufficient quantity of Equisetum arvense roots, rhizomes, and stems from a trusted source.
- Roughly chop the roots, rhizomes, and stems to increase their surface area for infusion.
- Combine the chopped plant material in a pot and add a sufficient amount of water to cover it.
- Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer and allow it to steep for 10-15 minutes.
- Strain the decoction through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve into a clean container, discarding the solids.
Poultice
Equisetum arvense poultice is used to treat gout, rheumatism, arthritis, sprains, bruises, swelling, inflammation, and pain.
It's a common herbal remedy, widely used in folk medicine. The poultice has a sedative effect, helping to reduce pain and inflammation. It's made from Equisetum arvense roots, rhizomes, and stems, which are harvested and dried before being applied to the affected area.
The preparation is moderately difficult to make, requiring some skill and patience to create an effective poultice that can be applied directly to the skin.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Equisetum arvense poultice.
- Gather and clean fresh or dried roots, rhizomes, and stems of Equisetum arvense plant.
- Dry the roots, rhizomes, and stems in a low-temperature oven or by air drying to preserve their potency.
- Grind the dried roots, rhizomes, and stems into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle or a spice grinder.
- Mix the powdered Equisetum arvense with a binding agent, such as water or oil, to create a paste.
- Apply the herbal poultice directly to the affected area and secure with a cloth or bandage, leaving it on for an extended period to allow for absorption.
Ointment
Equisetum arvense ointment is used to treat bruises, sprains, arthritis, muscle pain, inflammation, skin irritations, and wounds.
It's commonly used due to its effectiveness in reducing pain and inflammation. This preparation has a common effect of anti-inflammatory properties, which is attributed to its bioactive compounds, including silicic acid, flavonoids, and saponins. The ointment is made from the roots, rhizomes, and stems of the Equisetum arvense plant, which are rich in these compounds.
The preparation of Equisetum arvense ointment is challenging due to the difficulty of extracting the bioactive compounds from the plant material, requiring specialized techniques and equipment to produce a high-quality product.
Below you find an image of Equisetum arvense ointment.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Equisetum arvense ointment.
- Gather and clean Equisetum arvense roots, rhizomes, and stems.
- Dry the collected plant material in a warm, dark place for several weeks.
- Grind the dried Equisetum arvense roots, rhizomes, and stems into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle.
- Mix the powdered plant material with a carrier oil, such as olive or coconut oil, in a heat-resistant container.
- Simmer the mixture over low heat for several hours, then strain and let the ointment cool and solidify before use.
Tea
Equisetum arvense tea is a herbal remedy commonly used to treat various conditions, including inflammation, arthritis, gout, rheumatism, tendinitis, sprains, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), menopause, and urinary issues.
This preparation is widely used due to its effectiveness in alleviating symptoms associated with these conditions. The most reported effect of Equisetum arvense tea is its anti-inflammatory properties. The tea is made from the rhizomes, roots, and stems of the Equisetum arvense plant, which are often harvested and dried before being used to brew the tea.
Equisetum arvense tea is relatively easy to prepare, as the dried plant material is typically steeped in hot water to release its active compounds.
Below you find an image of Equisetum arvense tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Equisetum arvense tea.
- Gather fresh or dried Equisetum arvense rhizomes, roots, and stems from a trusted source.
- Clean and dry the rhizomes, roots, and stems to prevent contamination.
- Combine the dried rhizomes, roots, and stems in a bowl, making sure to break them into smaller pieces for optimal infusion.
- Steep the Equisetum arvense mixture in boiling water for an extended period, usually several hours or overnight.
- Strain the tea and discard the solids, then serve the Equisetum arvense herbal tea hot or cold, sweetened to taste.
What are the possible side effects of Equisetum arvense if used improperly?
The most common side effects Equisetum arvense gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Exacerbate: Equisetum arvense can exacerbate urinary conditions such as kidney stones.
- Worsen: Equisetum arvense extracts inhibit blood coagulation, increasing bleeding risk.
- Induce: Equisetum arvense induces antifertility effects in both males and females.
- Trigger: Increased urination
- Interact: Equisetum arvense interacts with warfarin, increasing risk of bleeding.
- Enhance: Equisetum arvense extracts have been shown to enhance testosterone and growth hormone production in rats.
- Aggravate: Equisetum arvense extracts can worsen kidney problems in individuals with existing renal issues.
- Increase: Equisetum arvense increases urine production
- Reactivate: Inhibits testosterone metabolism by increasing 5-alpha-reductase activity.
- Amplify: Increases the intensity of sound
What are the precautions to take before using Equisetum arvense medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Equisetum arvense medicinally are to consult a doctor before use, especially if you have any underlying health conditions.
Before administering Equisetum arvense, start with low doses to assess your tolerance and gradually increase as needed, while also monitoring your blood pressure, as it may have a significant impact on cardiovascular health. Individuals with kidney disease should avoid using Equisetum arvense, as it may exacerbate existing conditions. To ensure efficacy and safety, use fresh or dried Equisetum arvense, as processed products may lose their potency and effectiveness.
Moreover, be aware of potential allergic reactions, interactions with other medications, avoid long-term use, and store Equisetum arvense in a cool, dry place, especially if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
The most important precautions you must take before using Equisetum arvense for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Consult A Doctor Before Use: Due to potential interactions with medications, consult a doctor before using Equisetum arvense.
- Start With Low Doses: Equisetum arvense's effectiveness and safety in humans have not been established, so initial administration should be at low doses to minimize potential harm.
- Monitor Blood Pressure: Equisetum arvense contains ouabain, a cardiac glycoside that can cause hypertension, necessitating blood pressure monitoring.
- Avoid With Kidney Disease: Equisetum arvense contains compounds that may exacerbate kidney issues, worsening kidney disease.
- Use Fresh Or Dried, Not Processed: Only use fresh or dried Equisetum arvense, as processed forms are toxic.
- Avoid With Pregnancy And Breastfeeding: Equisetum arvense contains equinulin which can stimulate uterine contractions and cause miscarriage
- Be Aware Of Allergic Reactions: Some individuals exhibit skin irritation, contact dermatitis, or respiratory problems after exposure to Equisetum arvense.
- Interact With Other Medications: Equisetum arvense may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant medications, such as warfarin.
- Do Not Use Long-Term: Prolonged use of Equisetum arvense may cause liver and kidney damage due to its high content of thiaminase and other toxic compounds.
- Store In A Cool, Dry Place: Equisetum arvense is sensitive to moisture and heat, requiring storage in a cool, dry environment.
