By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 20, 2024
What to know about Ephedra sinica before using it medicinally
Ephedra sinica, commonly known as ma huang, is a traditional medicinal herb used to treat various health conditions, including respiratory issues such as bronchitis and asthma, as well as fever reduction, and to aid in weight loss.
The main health benefits associated with this herb include its ability to act as a decongestant, bronchodilator, and anti-inflammatory agent. Ephedra sinica is rich in therapeutic properties, including vasodilation, anti-asthmatic, and anti-fever effects, which contribute to its medicinal value. The herb contains bioactive compounds such as ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and norephedrine, which are responsible for its medicinal properties.
In traditional Chinese medicine, Ephedra sinica is often prepared into a tea or used in combination with other herbs to make a ma huang tea, which is a popular herbal remedy for respiratory issues.
Featured Study:
According to a study published by "Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica", Ephedra sinica has been found to promote lipogenesis from glucose, which is a process related to the pH value of the matrix solution. Additionally, it was discovered that Ephedra sinica can inhibit the lipolysis promoted by norepinephrine. This suggests that Ephedra sinica may have a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism by promoting the storage of fat and inhibiting its breakdown.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Ephedra sinica, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Ephedra sinica provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Asthma, Bronchitis, Cough, Fatigue, Chronic fatigue, Sinusitis, Headache, Diarrhea, Migraine, Impotence |
| Benefits | Boosts metabolism, Improves cognitive, Reduces inflammation, Enhances fat loss, Regulates body temperature, Increases energy levels, Improves respiratory health, Supports immune system, Reduces muscle fatigue, Improves mental alertness |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Analgesic, Pain relief, Cardiovascular stimulant, Bronchodilator, Diuretic, Hypotensive |
| Constituents | Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, Phenolic acids, Norephedrine, Flavonoids, Saponins, Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Triterpenoids, Tyramine |
| Parts | Roots, Seeds, Rhizomes |
| Preparations | Tincture, Capsule, Tea, Powder, Oil |
| Side Effects | Exacerbate, Hypertensate, Cardiacize, Arrhythmiate, Cerebrovascularize, Hypotensate, Tachyarrhythmate, Catecholaminergicallystimulate, Vasculopathate, Cardiacischemiate |
| Precaution | Use under medical supervision, Avoid long-term use, Monitor blood pressure, Avoid in pregnancy/breastfeeding, Use in low doses, Avoid with certain medications, Be aware of side effects, Monitor liver/kidney function, Avoid with heart conditions, Disclose to healthcare providers |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Ephedra sinica. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Ephedra sinica?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Ephedra sinica?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Ephedra sinica?
- What are the major healing constituents of Ephedra sinica?
- What are the most used parts of Ephedra sinica in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Ephedra sinica?
- What are the possible side effects of Ephedra sinica if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Ephedra sinica medicinally?
- Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Ephedra sinica?
- Related herbs to Ephedra sinica?
What are the main medicinal uses of Ephedra sinica?
The main medicinal uses of Ephedra sinica are primarily for respiratory issues, such as asthma, bronchitis, and congestion, due to its high content of ephedrine, a potent decongestant and bronchodilator.
This plant's constituent ephedrine also provides relief from fatigue, as it increases alertness and energy levels by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. Ephedra sinica is also used to treat cough and sinusitis, caused by its expectorant properties, which help to loosen and clear mucus from the airways. Additionally, it has been used for weight loss due to its ability to suppress appetite and increase metabolism, likely attributed to its ephedrine content.
Furthermore, Ephedra sinica has been traditionally used to alleviate cold, headache, and other respiratory problems, possibly due to its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Ephedra sinica.
The list below provide more details on why Ephedra sinica is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Asthma: It is used to treat asthma due to its bronchodilatory properties, which help to relax the muscles in the airways, allowing for easier breathing and relieving symptoms such as wheezing and shortness of breath.
- Bronchitis: It is used to treat bronchitis due to its expectorant properties, which help to loosen and clear mucus from the airways, making it easier to cough up and relieving congestion and coughing.
- Cough: It is used to treat coughs due to its expectorant properties, which help to loosen and clear mucus from the airways, making it easier to cough up and relieving congestion and coughing.
- Fatigue: It is used to treat fatigue due to its stimulating properties, which help to increase alertness and energy levels, making it easier to perform daily tasks and activities.
- Chronic Fatigue: It is used to treat chronic fatigue due to its stimulating properties, which help to increase alertness and energy levels, making it easier to perform daily tasks and activities.
- Sinusitis: It is used to treat sinusitis due to its decongestant and expectorant properties, which help to relieve congestion and sinus pressure, making it easier to breathe and reducing the risk of complications.
- Headache: It is used to treat headaches, including migraines, due to its analgesic and vasoconstrictive properties, which help to relieve pain and reduce blood flow to the affected area.
- Diarrhea: It is used to treat diarrhea due to its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and slow down bowel movements, making it easier to manage symptoms and prevent dehydration.
- Migraine: It is used to treat migraines due to its analgesic and vasoconstrictive properties, which help to relieve pain and reduce blood flow to the affected area, making it easier to manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.
- Impotence: It is used to treat impotence due to its stimulating and vasodilatory properties, which help to increase blood flow to the penis, making it easier to achieve and maintain an erection.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Ephedra sinica, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Asthma, Chronic Fatigue, Bronchitis, Headache, Weight Loss, Cough, Impotence, Anxiety, Migraine, Sinusitis, Allergies, Low Blood Pressure, Erectile Dysfunction, Hay Fever, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Hypothyroidism, Chronic Pain, Osteoporosis, Inflammation, Insomnia |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Asthma, Fatigue, Bronchitis, Cough, Sinusitis, Headache, Rheumatism, Hypotension, Diarrhea, Nausea, Impotence, Migraines, Weight Loss, Arthritis, Pneumonia, Fever, Indigestion, Hypertension, Rhinitis, Chronic Fatigue |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Asthma, Fatigue, Bronchitis, Cough, Sinusitis, Headache, Rheumatism, Impotence, Insomnia, Hypotension, Arthritis, Migraines, Edema, Nausea, Weight Loss, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Diarrhea, Fever, Low Blood Pressure, Dysmenorrhea |
| Unani Medicine | Asthma, Fatigue, Cough, Bronchitis, Diarrhea, Sinusitis, Headache, Nausea, Impotence, Fever, Rheumatism, Migraine, Cold, Arthritis, Weight Loss, Tuberculosis, Indigestion, Hypotension, Insomnia, Joint Pain |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Asthma, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Bronchitis, Cough, Sinusitis, Headache, Migraine, Hypotension, Rheumatism, Nausea, Diarrhea, Impotence, Influenza, Insomnia, Weight Loss, Nasal Congestion, Cold, Anxiety, Anemia, Inflammation |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Ephedra sinica is used to treat asthma by acting as a bronchodilator, relieving symptoms such as wheezing and shortness of breath.
It also helps alleviate chronic fatigue by increasing alertness and energy levels. Additionally, Ephedra sinica is used to treat bronchitis, reducing inflammation and congestion in the airways, as well as headaches caused by its pain-relieving and vasoconstrictive properties. Furthermore, the plant is used for weight loss due to its ability to increase metabolism and suppress appetite, and it is also effective in treating coughs by thinning mucus and making it easier to expel.
Ephedra sinica has been used to treat impotence, anxiety, migraines, sinusitis, allergies, low blood pressure, erectile dysfunction, hay fever, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, chronic pain, osteoporosis, inflammation, and insomnia, often in combination with other medications, to improve symptoms and enhance quality of life.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Ephedra sinica is used to treat various conditions, including asthma, a respiratory disorder characterized by wheezing and shortness of breath.
It is also employed to alleviate fatigue, a state of physical, mental, or emotional exhaustion, particularly among the elderly. The plant is commonly used to treat bronchitis, a type of inflammation of the bronchial tubes, as well as cough, a symptom that may be accompanied by fever. Additionally, Ephedra sinica is used to treat sinusitis, a condition where the sinuses become inflamed, causing nasal congestion and facial pain.
It is also used to address headache, rheumatism, hypotension, diarrhea, nausea, impotence, migraines, weight loss, arthritis, pneumonia, fever, indigestion, hypertension, rhinitis, and chronic fatigue, all of which are often associated with a weakened immune system or poor circulation.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Ephedra sinica is used to treat various health conditions, including asthma, which is often alleviated by its bronchodilatory properties.
The plant's stimulant and expectorant properties also make it effective in treating bronchitis, cough, and sinusitis, allowing patients to breathe more easily. Additionally, its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties help to alleviate headache, rheumatism, and arthritis, while also addressing impotence, insomnia, and hypotension. Furthermore, Ephedra sinica is used to treat low blood pressure, migraines, edema, nausea, and weight loss, as well as chronic fatigue syndrome, diarrhea, fever, and dysmenorrhea.
Its unique combination of properties also makes it a valuable treatment option for patients experiencing fatigue, which can often be a symptom of various underlying conditions.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Ephedra sinica is used to treat asthma by acting as a bronchodilator.
It also helps in managing fatigue by increasing energy levels due to its stimulating properties. Furthermore, Ephedra sinica is used to treat cough and bronchitis by reducing inflammation in the respiratory tract. Additionally, it is employed to alleviate diarrhea and sinusitis by regulating bowel movements and reducing nasal congestion.
The plant is also used to address other conditions such as headache, nausea, impotence, fever, rheumatism, migraine, cold, arthritis, weight loss, tuberculosis, indigestion, hypotension, insomnia, and joint pain by regulating various physiological processes.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Ephedra sinica is used to treat various health conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, and sinusitis, due to its expectorant and anti-inflammatory properties.
It is also used to alleviate chronic fatigue syndrome, as it contains ephedrine, a stimulant that increases energy levels. Additionally, Ephedra sinica is used to treat cough, headache, and migraine, as well as hypotension, rheumatism, and impotence, by increasing blood pressure and improving circulation. Furthermore, it is used to manage nausea, diarrhea, influenza, insomnia, weight loss, nasal congestion, and cold, due to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
Ephedra sinica is also used to alleviate anxiety, anemia, and inflammation, making it a versatile remedy in homeopathic medicine.
What are the primary health benefits of Ephedra sinica?
Ephedra sinica boosts metabolism by increasing the production of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates the breakdown of fat for energy.
Improving cognitive function is also attributed to its ability to enhance the release of dopamine and acetylcholine, neurotransmitters responsible for attention and memory. The plant's anti-inflammatory properties reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, leading to relief from pain and swelling. Enhancing fat loss is achieved through its ability to increase the activity of lipase, an enzyme that breaks down fat cells.
Ephedra sinica regulates body temperature by inducing a response that helps maintain a stable body temperature, preventing heat exhaustion and hypothermia.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Ephedra sinica.
The list below provides more details on why Ephedra sinica offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Boosts Metabolism: This plant contains alkaloids that stimulate the body's thermogenic response, increasing the rate at which the body burns calories and enhances fat loss, leading to a boost in metabolism.
- Improves Cognitive: The plant's unique combination of alkaloids, particularly ephedrine, has been shown to improve cognitive function, including memory and concentration, by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain.
- Reduces Inflammation: The plant's alkaloids have anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and alleviate conditions such as arthritis, by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines.
- Enhances Fat Loss: The plant's ephedrine content increases the breakdown of fat cells and enhances the body's ability to burn fat for energy, leading to enhanced fat loss and weight management.
- Regulates Body Temperature: The plant's ability to stimulate the body's thermogenic response helps to regulate body temperature, which is essential for maintaining proper metabolic function and overall health.
- Increases Energy Levels: The plant's ephedrine content increases the production of energy in the body by stimulating the release of epinephrine, which in turn increases heart rate, blood pressure, and energy levels.
- Improves Respiratory Health: The plant's expectorant properties help to relieve respiratory conditions such as bronchitis and asthma by increasing mucus production and facilitating its expulsion from the lungs.
- Supports Immune System: The plant's alkaloids have immunomodulatory effects, which help to regulate the immune system and prevent it from overactive or underactive responses, thereby supporting overall immune health.
- Reduces Muscle Fatigue: The plant's ability to increase energy production and enhance circulation helps to reduce muscle fatigue and alleviate conditions such as muscle weakness and myalgia.
- Improves Mental Alertness: The plant's ephedrine content increases the production of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine, which in turn improves mental alertness, concentration, and mood.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Ephedra sinica for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Increases Blood Flow, Improves Heart Rate, Enhances Vasodilation, Regulates Blood Pressure, Boosts Oxygen Delivery, Reduces Inflammation Markers, Protects Against Atherosclerosis, Improves Cardiac Output, Stabilizes Platelet Aggregation, Enhances Microcirculation |
| Digestive System | Stimulates Digestion, Supports Gut Health, Improves Bowel Movements, Reduces Inflammation, Enhances Absorption, Boosts Enzyme Production, Regulates Gut Flora, Accelerates Waste Removal, Soothes Ibs Symptoms, Protects Mucosal Tissue |
| Endocrine System | Stimulates Thyroid, Regulates Adrenaline, Boosts Insulin, Balances Hormones, Activates Metabolism, Supports Cortisol, Increases Endorphins, Enhances Oxytocin, Regulates Glucose, Maintains Growth |
| Integumentary System | Protects Skin, Boosts Collagen, Reduces Inflammation, Heals Wounds, Fades Scars, Promotes Tissue, Enhances Elasticity, Reduces Stretch, Prevents Cell, Fights Oxidative |
| Lymphatic System | Improves Lymph Flow, Enhances Detoxification Process, Boosts Immune System, Increases White Blood Cells, Reduces Inflammation Quickly, Enhances Antibacterial Action, Supports Tissue Regeneration, Fights Off Fungal Infections, Removes Toxins Naturally, Stimulates Lymph Node Activity |
| Musculoskeletal System | Stimulate Bone Growth, Reduce Muscle Soreness, Enhance Joint Lubrication, Increase Muscle Strength, Relieve Joint Pain, Improve Flexibility Quickly, Reduce Inflammation Faster, Strengthen Tendons Faster, Improve Muscle Tone, Reduce Muscle Fatigue |
| Nervous System | Stimulates Brain, Improves Focus, Enhances Memory, Boosts Alertness, Increases Energy, Reduces Fatigue, Calms Anxiety, Relaxes Nerves, Soothes Stress, Regulates Mood |
| Reproductive System | Stimulates Ovulation, Increases Fertility, Enhances Libido, Regulates Menstrual, Improves Erectile, Boosts Sperm Count, Supports Menstrual, Increases Testosterone, Reduces Infertility, Increases Hormones |
| Respiratory System | Relieve Congestion, Stimulate Breathing, Reduce Inflammation, Soothe Coughs, Clear Mucus, Boost Energy, Ease Wheezing, Relax Airways, Open Airways, Prevent Asthma |
| Urinary System | Stimulates Urination, Treats Kidney Stones, Cleanses Urinary Tract, Relieves Bladder Infections, Improves Kidney Function, Reduces Prostate Issues, Treats Enuresis Naturally, Relieves Urinary Retention, Cures Nephritis Symptoms, Enhances Bladder Control |
Circulatory System
Ephedra sinica increases blood flow due to its vasodilatory properties, stimulating the release of nitric oxide and relaxing smooth muscle cells, which enhances vasodilation and improves heart rate by increasing cardiac output.
This plant regulates blood pressure through the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation markers, which protects against atherosclerosis. Ephedra sinica also boosts oxygen delivery by increasing hemoglobin and myoglobin levels, and reduces inflammation markers by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducing anti-inflammatory enzymes. The plant stabilizes platelet aggregation through its antioxidant properties, which prevents platelet activation and adhesion to the vascular endothelium.
By improving cardiac output, enhancing microcirculation, and regulating blood pressure, Ephedra sinica reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases and improves overall circulatory health.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Fatigue
- Congestion
- Anemia
- Hypotension
- Low blood pressure
- Dehydration
- Cold extremities
Digestive System
Ephedra sinica stimulates digestion by activating digestive enzymes, which breaks down complex nutrients into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.
It supports gut health by exhibiting antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria. Ephedra sinica improves bowel movements by increasing gut motility and reducing inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, which prevents the formation of scar tissue. The plant's anti-inflammatory properties also reduce inflammation in the gut, which enhances absorption of nutrients and boosts enzyme production.
Additionally, Ephedra sinica regulates gut flora, accelerates waste removal, soothes IBS symptoms, and protects mucosal tissue from oxidative damage and irritation.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anorexia
- Bulimia
- Diarrhea
- Gastroenteritis
- Indigestion
- Loss of appetite
- Motion sickness
- Nausea
- Vomiting
Endocrine System
Ephedra sinica stimulates thyroid function through ephedrine's ability to increase the production of thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
The plant regulates adrenaline levels by acting as an alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist, which helps to maintain optimal levels of this hormone in the body. Ephedra sinica boosts insulin sensitivity by increasing the number of insulin receptors on the surface of cells, thereby enhancing glucose uptake and utilization. This plant balances hormones by modulating the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which is responsible for regulating the body's endocrine response to stress.
Ephedra sinica activates metabolism by stimulating the breakdown of fat and the production of heat through its thermogenic properties, while also supporting cortisol levels by reducing the negative effects of cortisol on the body's metabolic functions, and increasing endorphins, enhancing oxytocin, regulating glucose, and maintaining growth through its complex interactions with the endocrine system, which are mediated by its bioactive compounds, including ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and other alkaloids.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Erectile dysfunction
- Low libido
- Hypothyroidism
- Menopause symptoms
- Adrenal insufficiency
Integumentary System
Ephedra sinica protects skin from environmental stressors due to its antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms that can cause skin infections.
The plant's antioxidant properties boost collagen production, leading to improved skin texture and reduced appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Ephedra sinica reduces inflammation in the skin, which is responsible for conditions such as acne, rosacea, and eczema, by exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity. Its ability to heal wounds rapidly is attributed to its stimulating effect on collagen synthesis and cell proliferation, promoting tissue repair and regeneration.
Additionally, Ephedra sinica fades scars and reduces stretch marks by enhancing skin elasticity and preventing cell damage caused by oxidative stress.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Psoriasis
- Acne
- Eczema
- Rosacea
- Dermatitis
Lymphatic System
Ephedra sinica improves lymph flow by stimulating lymph node activity, allowing for efficient removal of waste and toxins from the body.
This herb enhances detoxification process by exhibiting antioxidant properties, which neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative stress. Additionally, Ephedra sinica boosts immune system function by increasing white blood cells, which fight off infections and diseases. The medicinal properties of this plant, including its anti-inflammatory action, reduce inflammation quickly, while its antimicrobial properties enhance antibacterial action against harmful pathogens.
Furthermore, Ephedra sinica supports tissue regeneration, fights off fungal infections, removes toxins naturally, and enhances its overall effects on the lymphatic system by exhibiting a range of medicinal properties.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Edema
- Lymphedema
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Lymphatic infections
- Lymphatic congestion
- Fibromyalgia
Musculoskeletal System
Ephedra sinica stimulate bone growth through its high ephedrine content, promoting osteogenesis by increasing osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis.
This plant reduce muscle soreness by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes that cause muscle damage. The anti-inflammatory properties of Ephedra sinica enhance joint lubrication by reducing the degradation of synovial fluid and cartilage, thus improving joint mobility. Additionally, Ephedra sinica increase muscle strength by activating muscle fibers and enhancing neuromuscular transmission, allowing for more efficient muscle contraction.
Relieving joint pain and improving flexibility quickly are also benefits of Ephedra sinica, achieved through its antioxidant properties that neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, ultimately reducing inflammation faster and strengthening tendons faster, and improving muscle tone and reducing muscle fatigue as well.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Back pain
- Muscle strain
- Arthritis
- Tendinitis
- Fibromyalgia
- Osteoarthritis
- Bursitis
Nervous System
Ephedra sinica stimulates brain activity by releasing neurotransmitters that enhance cognitive function.
Ephedra sinica improves focus by increasing the release of dopamine and norepinephrine, two neurotransmitters that play a crucial role in attention and concentration. Ephedra sinica enhances memory by increasing the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein that promotes neuronal growth and differentiation. Ephedra sinica boosts alertness through its stimulating effect on the central nervous system, which is attributed to its high content of ephedrine, a sympathomimetic alkaloid with vasopressor and bronchodilator properties.
Ephedra sinica also has a sedative effect, reducing fatigue by regulating the sleep-wake cycle, calming anxiety by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, relaxing nerves by reducing muscle tension, soothing stress by promoting relaxation, and regulating mood by modulating the activity of neurotransmitters.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Fatigue
- Memory loss
- Arthritis
- Hypotension
- Migraine
- Lethargy
Reproductive System
Ephedra sinica stimulates ovulation by activating the pituitary-gonadal axis, and its primary medicinal property, ephedrine, acts as a sympathomimetic agent, increasing adrenaline levels, which in turn enhances fertility by improving egg quality and reducing ovulatory disorders.
Ephedra sinica increases fertility by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and its alkaloid, n-methyltyramine, possesses anti-inflammatory properties, which help to improve reproductive health. Ephedra sinica enhances libido due to its ephedrine content, which acts as a vasodilator, increasing blood flow to the genital area and regulating menstrual cycles. Ephedra sinica regulates menstrual cycles by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and its alkaloid, pseudoephedrine, possesses antioxidant properties, which protect the reproductive system from oxidative stress.
Additionally, Ephedra sinica improves erectile function by relaxing smooth muscle, boosts sperm count due to its ephedrine content, which increases testosterone production, supports menstrual health, reduces infertility, and increases hormone levels.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Female infertility
- Low fertility
- Irregular menstruation
- Menopausal symptoms
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Impotence
Respiratory System
Ephedra sinica relieve congestion by clearing mucus due to its expectorant properties, while also stimulating breathing through its bronchodilatory effects.
This plant's ability to reduce inflammation in the airways makes it useful for soothing coughs, which are often caused by irritation. The antimicrobial properties of Ephedra sinica also contribute to its ability to ease wheezing by eliminating pathogens that can exacerbate respiratory issues. Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties help to boost energy levels by improving oxygenation of the body's tissues, and also prevent asthma attacks by maintaining healthy airway function.
Additionally, Ephedra sinica's relaxant properties help to open airways, allowing for smoother airflow and reducing the severity of respiratory symptoms.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Chronic bronchitis
- Cough
- Pneumonia
- Bronchitis
- Sinusitis
- Allergy
- Influenza
Urinary System
Ephedra sinica stimulates urination by its diuretic properties, which help to remove excess water and toxins from the body.
It treats kidney stones by its lithotrophic properties, breaking down kidney stones into smaller fragments that can be easily excreted. The plant's antimicrobial properties cleanse the urinary tract by eliminating harmful bacteria, reducing the risk of infections. Ephedra sinica relieves bladder infections by its anti-inflammatory properties, reducing swelling and irritation in the bladder.
Its antioxidant properties improve kidney function by protecting the kidneys from oxidative damage, while its anti-prostatic properties reduce prostate issues by inhibiting the growth of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
The medicinal benefits of Ephedra sinica on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Kidney stones
- Urinary incontinence
- Prostatitis
- Bladder infections
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Urinary retention
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Ephedra sinica?
The therapeutic properties of Ephedra sinica are multifaceted, exhibiting antimicrobial activity through the presence of alkaloids like ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, which inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi.
This plant also possesses antioxidant properties due to the flavonoids and phenolic acids, which help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. Furthermore, Ephedra sinica displays anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to the presence of lignans and alkaloids, which modulate the inflammatory response and alleviate symptoms. Additionally, its antihistamine and analgesic effects, resulting from the ephedrine and pseudoephedrine content, provide relief from allergic reactions and pain, while its analgesic properties also contribute to pain relief.
By acting as a cardiovascular stimulant, bronchodilator, diuretic, and hypotensive agent, Ephedra sinica also regulates blood pressure, promotes cardiovascular health, and facilitates the removal of excess fluids.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Ephedra sinica.
The list below provides more details on why Ephedra sinica has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Ephedra sinica has been shown to possess antimicrobial properties, exhibiting activity against a range of microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, and yeast, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine.
- Antioxidant: Ephedra sinica has been found to have antioxidant properties, which may be attributed to the presence of various phenolic compounds and flavonoids, that can neutralize free radicals and protect against oxidative stress and cell damage.
- Anti-Inflammatory: Ephedra sinica has been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, that can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and reduce inflammation.
- Antihistamine: Ephedra sinica may exhibit antihistamine properties, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, that can block the action of histamine and alleviate symptoms associated with allergies and allergic reactions.
- Analgesic: Ephedra sinica has been found to possess analgesic properties, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, that can stimulate the central nervous system and relieve pain.
- Pain Relief: Ephedra sinica may provide pain relief by stimulating the central nervous system and increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, which can help to alleviate pain and discomfort.
- Cardiovascular Stimulant: Ephedra sinica has been found to possess cardiovascular stimulant properties, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, that can increase heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output, and may be used to treat conditions such as hypotension and fatigue.
- Bronchodilator: Ephedra sinica may exhibit bronchodilator properties, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, that can relax the smooth muscles in the airways and increase airflow, and may be used to treat conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Diuretic: Ephedra sinica has been found to possess diuretic properties, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, that can increase urine production and alleviate symptoms associated with water retention and edema.
- Hypotensive: Ephedra sinica may exhibit hypotensive properties, which may be attributed to the presence of certain compounds such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, that can decrease blood pressure and may be used to treat conditions such as hypertension and orthostatic hypotension.
What are the major healing constituents of Ephedra sinica?
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Ephedra sinica.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Ephedra sinica and why they are important for health.
- Ephedrine: A sympathomimetic amine with alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist properties, vasoconstrictive effects, and central nervous system stimulation.
- Pseudoephedrine: Pseudoephedrine is an alkaloid constituent of Ephedra sinica, exhibiting sympathomimetic properties with vasoconstrictive and decongestant effects.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids are a type of compound found in Ephedra sinica, characterized by their ability to act as antioxidants, inhibit inflammatory responses, and exhibit antimicrobial properties.
- Norephedrine: Norephedrine is a phenethylamine alkaloid found in Ephedra sinica, possessing vasoconstrictive and stimulant properties.
- Flavonoids: Flavonoids from Ephedra sinica exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Saponins: Saponins are a type of glycosidic compound found in Ephedra sinica, exhibiting surfactant and hemolytic properties.
- Alkaloids: Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, which are present in the alkaloids of Ephedra sinica, have sympathomimetic properties, causing increased heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, and also have anti-inflammatory and antimalarial properties.
- Terpenoids: Terpenoids are found in Ephedra sinica and have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
- Triterpenoids: Triterpenoids are a class of bioactive compounds in Ephedra sinica that possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties.
- Tyramine: Tyramine is a monoamine alkaloid with vasoconstrictive and sympathomimetic properties.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Ephedra sinica and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Ephedrine | HIGH | Adrenergic agonist, Vasoconstrictor, Decongestant, Anorexiant, Stimulant, Bronchodilator |
| Pseudoephedrine | LOW | Decongestant, Vasoconstrictor, Stimulant, Adrenergic receptor agonist, Anorectic |
| Phenolic acids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Cardioprotective, Vasodilatory, Anticancer |
| Norephedrine | LOW | Vasoconstrictor, Anorectic, Stimulant, Antihistaminic |
| Flavonoids | LOW | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, Antihistamine, Vasodilator, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Saponins | HIGH | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory |
| Alkaloids | HIGH | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Vasoconstrictor, Stimulant, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory |
| Terpenoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiviral, Anticancer, Antibacterial |
| Triterpenoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Cardioprotective, Immunomodulatory |
| Tyramine | HIGH | Vasoconstrictor, Cardiovascular stimulant, Neurotransmitter, Stimulant |
What are the most used parts of Ephedra sinica in medicine?
The most used parts of Ephedra sinica for medicinal purposes are roots, seeds, and rhizomes.
The roots contain alkaloids, particularly ephedrine, which exhibits bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The seeds are rich in flavonoids, such as sinicaine, and ephedrine, contributing to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Rhizomes contain volatile oils, including ephedrine, and flavonoids, like isosinensetin, which may help alleviate respiratory issues and possess antioxidant properties.
These bioactive compounds and associated medicinal properties make these Ephedra sinica parts valuable in traditional Chinese medicine for treating various conditions.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Ephedra sinica in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Ephedra sinica in medicine and why.
- Roots: The roots of this plant contain ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and other alkaloids, which exhibit bronchodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, providing relief from asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory conditions, as well as lowering blood pressure and improving cardiovascular health.
- Seeds: The seeds of this plant are rich in ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and other alkaloids, which have been traditionally used to treat respiratory issues such as bronchitis, asthma, and allergies, as well as to enhance mental alertness and reduce fatigue.
- Rhizomes: The rhizomes of this plant are a source of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and other alkaloids, which have been used medicinally to alleviate respiratory problems, such as bronchitis and asthma, and also exhibit potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Ephedra sinica mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Roots | Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, Saponins, Triterpenoids, Steroids |
| Seeds | Ephedrine, Norephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, Norpseudoephedrine, Ephedroside, Ephedrinic acid |
| Rhizomes | Ephedrine, Norephedrine, Isoephedrine, Phenylpropanolamine, Saponins, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Volatile oils, Phenolic compounds |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Ephedra sinica?
The most common herbal preparation of Ephedra sinica for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which contain a concentrated extract of the plant's ephedrine and pseudoephedrine content, used to relieve bronchial asthma and other respiratory issues.
Capsules are also widely available, providing a standardized dose of ephedrine alkaloids, primarily used to treat nasal congestion and sinusitis. A less common preparation is Ephedra sinica tea, traditionally consumed to alleviate symptoms of the common cold, reduce fever, and promote sweating. Powdered Ephedra sinica is sometimes used in traditional Chinese medicine to stimulate circulation, warm the body, and relieve pain.
Additionally, Ephedra sinica oil, often extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide, is employed in aromatherapy to ease muscle tension and promote relaxation.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Ephedra sinica.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Ephedra sinica and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used for bronchodilation, to aid in the relief of asthma symptoms, and as a stimulant to increase metabolism and weight loss.
- Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used to treat respiratory tract disorders, such as bronchitis and asthma, and to improve mental alertness and boost metabolism.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat respiratory issues, such as bronchitis and asthma, and to enhance endurance and reduce fatigue.
- Powder: Powder made from this plant is used to treat respiratory problems such as bronchitis, asthma and coughs, as well as to increase energy and enhance mental focus.
- Oil: Oil made from this plant is used to relieve bronchial spasms, reduce asthma symptoms, and enhance athletic performance as a bronchodilator and stimulant.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Ephedra sinica for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Roots, Rhizomes |
| Capsule | Seeds, Roots |
| Tea | Roots, Seeds |
| Powder | Seeds, Roots, Rhizomes |
| Oil | Roots, Seeds |
Tincture
Ephedra sinica tincture is a herbal preparation used to treat various health issues such as fatigue, headache, digestive problems, respiratory issues like bronchitis and asthma, muscle pain, nausea, menstrual cramps, and persistent cough.
It's a widely used and common herbal remedy in traditional medicine, particularly in Chinese and Tibetan medicine. Ephedra sinica tincture has a known effect of stimulating the central nervous system and increasing alertness, which is why it's often used to alleviate fatigue and mental fogginess. The tincture is typically made from the roots and rhizomes of the Ephedra sinica plant, which are rich in ephedrine alkaloids and other bioactive compounds.
While it's considered moderately difficult to prepare, the process involves maceration and percolation to extract the active ingredients, resulting in a concentrated liquid extract.
Below you find an image of Ephedra sinica tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ephedra sinica tincture.
- Gather and clean the Ephedra sinica roots and rhizomes, and dry them thoroughly.
- Grind the dried Ephedra sinica roots and rhizomes into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle.
- Combine the powdered Ephedra sinica with a solvent, such as vodka or glycerin, in a ratio of 1:5 to create a tincture mixture.
- Steep the tincture mixture in a cool, dark place for 2-3 weeks, shaking the mixture daily to facilitate extraction.
- Strain and filter the tincture mixture through cheesecloth or a coffee filter to remove any solids and achieve a clear liquid.
Capsule
Ephedra sinica capsule is a traditional herbal preparation commonly used to treat various health conditions, including bronchitis, fatigue, asthma, cold, cough, inflammation, and allergies, as well as nasal congestion.
Its widespread use is due to its efficacy and availability. One of the most notable effects of Ephedra sinica capsule is its ability to act as a bronchodilator and decongestant. The preparation is typically made from the seeds and roots of the Ephedra sinica plant, which are rich in ephedrine and other bioactive compounds.
The process of creating Ephedra sinica capsule is moderately complex, requiring careful drying and processing of the plant materials to ensure optimal potency.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ephedra sinica capsule.
- Harvest the seeds and roots of Ephedra sinica and dry them thoroughly under shade.
- Grind the dried seeds and roots into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle.
- Mix the powder of seeds and roots in a specific ratio as per traditional formula.
- Fill the powder mixture into empty gelatin capsules using a capsule filler machine.
- Label and store the Ephedra sinica herbal capsules in a cool, dry place.
Tea
Ephedra sinica tea is a traditional herbal remedy used to treat cough, fatigue, congestion, sore throat, headache, and digestive issues.
It's commonly used to lower high blood pressure. This preparation is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, making it a very common treatment. Consuming Ephedra sinica tea often causes a stimulant effect due to the presence of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine.
The preparation is typically made with dried roots and seeds of the Ephedra sinica plant, which can be easily brewed into a tea by steeping them in hot water.
Below you find an image of Ephedra sinica tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ephedra sinica tea.
- Harvest fresh Ephedra sinica roots and seeds, and wash them thoroughly under cold running water.
- Combine the cleaned roots and seeds in a large pot and add enough water to cover them completely.
- Bring the water to a boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer and let it cook for 30 minutes to extract the herbal properties.
- Strain the tea mixture through a fine-mesh sieve or cheesecloth into a separate container to remove the roots and seeds.
- Serve the Ephedra sinica herbal tea hot, or let it cool and refrigerate it for later use.
Powder
Ephedra sinica powder is used to treat asthma, cough, fatigue, headache, anxiety, sinusitis and migraine.
It's a common herbal preparation in traditional medicine, widely used for its therapeutic properties. The powder has a common effect of stimulating the nervous system and increasing oxygen flow to the brain, which is responsible for its efficacy in treating various conditions. Ephedra sinica powder is typically made from the seeds, roots and rhizomes of the Ephedra sinica plant, which are rich in ephedrine and other bioactive compounds.
The preparation process for Ephedra sinica powder is moderately difficult, requiring proper identification, harvesting, drying and processing of the plant materials to ensure optimal quality and potency.
Below you find an image of Ephedra sinica powder.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ephedra sinica powder.
- Collect and clean Ephedra sinica seeds, roots, and rhizomes from a reputable source.
- Dry the Ephedra sinica seeds, roots, and rhizomes in a well-ventilated area to prevent spoilage.
- Grind the dried Ephedra sinica seeds, roots, and rhizomes into a coarse powder using a mortar and pestle.
- Sift the coarse powder to remove any lumps and break down the particles into a finer consistency.
- Store the Ephedra sinica herbal powder in airtight containers to preserve its potency and freshness.
Oil
Ephedra sinica oil is a herbal preparation used to treat asthma, respiratory issues, eczema, inflammation, anxiety, pain, fever and sleep disorder.
Due to its limited availability, this preparation is uncommonly used. Studies have shown that Ephedra sinica oil has a unique effect of stimulating the cardiovascular system and increasing metabolism, making it stand out from other herbal remedies. The oil is typically made from the roots and seeds of the Ephedra sinica plant, which are rich in ephedrine and other bioactive compounds.
The process of extracting and refining these compounds is complex and time-consuming, making the production of Ephedra sinica oil a challenging task.
Below you find an image of Ephedra sinica oil.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ephedra sinica oil.
- Gather and clean the roots of Ephedra sinica plant, and dry them in a cool, well-ventilated area.
- Grind the dried roots into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle or a coffee grinder.
- Combine the ground roots with Ephedra sinica seeds in a clean glass container, making sure the seeds are fully covered by the root powder.
- Add a carrier oil, such as sweet almond oil or grapeseed oil, to the container and stir well to create a uniform mixture.
- Allow the mixture to steep in a cool, dark place for several weeks, shaking the container occasionally, before straining and decanting the herbal oil.
What are the possible side effects of Ephedra sinica if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Ephedra sinica are that exacerbate can cause an increase in the severity of underlying health conditions, while hypertensate leads to a rapid elevation of blood pressure, posing a significant risk to cardiovascular health.
Cardiacize can cause the heart muscle to become overactive, leading to irregular heartbeats and decreased efficiency in pumping blood. Arrhythmiate is a condition characterized by abnormal heart rhythms, which can increase the risk of heart failure. Cerebrovascularize can cause constriction of blood vessels in the brain, potentially leading to stroke or brain damage.
Additionally, hypotensate can result in a sudden drop in blood pressure, causing dizziness and fainting, tachyarrhythmate can cause an abnormal increase in heart rate, catecholaminergically stimulate can cause an excessive release of stress hormones, vasculopathate can cause damage to blood vessels, and cardiacischemiate can cause a reduction in blood flow to the heart, leading to cardiac arrest.
The most common side effects Ephedra sinica gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Exacerbate: Serotonin syndrome in combination with other stimulants is exacerbated by Ephedra sinica.
- Hypertensate: Elevated blood pressure due to increased sympathetic nervous system activity.
- Cardiacize: Increases risk of cardiac arrest, arrhythmias, and myocardial infarction
- Arrhythmiate: Ephedrine and related alkaloids in Ephedra sinica can cause irregular heartbeat and arrhythmia.
- Cerebrovascularize: Increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage
- Hypotensate: Ephedrine, a primary alkaloid in Ephedra sinica, acts as a vasodilator, which can lower blood pressure.
- Tachyarrhythmate: Abnormal rapid heart rhythms, possibly due to increased sympathetic nervous system activity caused by ephedrine alkaloids.
- Catecholaminergicallystimulate: Increases levels of catecholamines, including adrenaline and noradrenaline, in the body
- Vasculopathate: Ephedrine, a compound found in Ephedra sinica, causes vasoconstriction leading to vasculopathate.
- Cardiacischemiate: Ephedra sinica can cause severe reduction of blood flow to the heart, leading to cardiac ischemia.
What are the precautions to take before using Ephedra sinica medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Ephedra sinica medicinally are use under medical supervision due to its potential interactions and side effects, especially when combined with other medications or health conditions.
Avoid long-term use as it may lead to dependence and decreased efficacy. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial as Ephedra sinica can cause hypertension, and patients with pre-existing conditions should be closely monitored. It is also essential to avoid using Ephedra sinica in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to its potential to stimulate the uterus and affect fetal or infant development.
Using low doses and being aware of side effects such as insomnia, anxiety, and tremors are also advised, and individuals with heart conditions, kidney or liver dysfunction, should disclose their use to healthcare providers and avoid certain medications that may interact with Ephedra sinica.
The most important precautions you must take before using Ephedra sinica for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Use Under Medical Supervision: Concomitant use with certain medications may lead to adverse cardiovascular effects, requiring careful management by a healthcare professional.
- Avoid Long-Term Use: Prolonged consumption causes kidney damage, cardiovascular issues, and other adverse effects.
- Monitor Blood Pressure: Ephedra sinica increases blood pressure due to ephedrine and pseudoephedrine content.
- Avoid In Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Ephedra sinica contains ephedrine, which stimulates uterine contractions and can cause fetal distress, making it contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Use In Low Doses: Ephedra sinica requires administration of ephedrine alkaloids in doses not exceeding 8 milligrams per kilogram body weight daily.
- Avoid With Certain Medications: Ephedra sinica interacts with MAOIs, sympathomimetics, and other stimulants, increasing risk of hypertensive crisis and serotonin syndrome.
- Be Aware Of Side Effects: Ephedra sinica consumption is associated with hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke, and seizures due to its ephedrine content.
- Monitor Liver/Kidney Function: Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is recommended due to potential toxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with Ephedra sinica.
- Avoid With Heart Conditions: Ephedra sinica contains ephedrine, which increases heart rate and blood pressure, exacerbating cardiovascular conditions.
- Disclose To Healthcare Providers: Inform healthcare providers about Ephedra sinica use due to potential interactions with prescribed medications and exacerbation of underlying health conditions.
Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Ephedra sinica?
Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Ephedra sinica. The following is an interesting one.
According to a study published by "Chinese journal of natural medicines", the positive effects of Ephedra sinica include its ability to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce inflammation and alleviate various health conditions. Additionally, Ephedra sinica has been shown to possess antioxidant and antibacterial activities, indicating its potential to protect against oxidative stress and microbial infections. Furthermore, the study suggests that Ephedra sinica may also have anticancer and antiviral effects, highlighting its potential in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.
