Entandrophragma cylindricum
Entandrophragma cylindricum · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (4 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a significant medicinal plant known for its diverse pharmacological potential. Recent studies focusing on the stem have revealed that its ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts possess potent bioactive properties. These preparations are particularly rich in flavonoids, which contribute to the plant's therapeutic effects. Scientific investigations have demonstrated that the plant exhibits notable analgesic, antioxidant, antipyretic, and antiplasmodial activities. Consequently, these chemical constituents offer promising natural solutions for managing conditions such as inflammation, fever, and malaria caused by Plasmodium berghei.
- Synonyms
- Pseudocedrela Cylindrica · Entandrophragma Cedreloides · 4 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Meliaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Stem
Classification
Common Names
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a remarkable tree species known by several different names depending on the region. It is most frequently referred to by its popular common name, Sapele. In many woodworking and botanical circles, it is also widely recognized as sapele-mahogany. Some people may even encounter the alternative spelling, sapeli, when researching this timber source. Regardless of which name is used, this plant remains a highly valued resource in the global market.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a complex species that is frequently identified by various botanical synonyms in scientific literature. Taxonomists have historically categorized this plant under several different names, including Entandrophragma cedreloides and Entandrophragma lebrunii. It is also commonly referred to as Entandrophragma pseudocylindricum in certain regional studies. Furthermore, the names Entandrophragma rufum and Entandrophragma tomentosum are recognized as valid synonyms for this specific taxon. Understanding these shifting nomenclature patterns is essential for accurate identification and conservation efforts.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a remarkable biological entity belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast kingdom, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. This species is further organized into the order Sapindales, showcasing its specific evolutionary lineage. It finds its place within the diverse genus Entandrophragma, which highlights its unique botanical characteristics. Finally, it is a distinguished member of the family Meliaceae, completing its complex taxonomic identity.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Meliaceae |
| Genus | Entandrophragma |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a notable species widely distributed across the African continent. Its presence is well-documented throughout East Tropical Africa, including specific populations in Uganda. The plant also maintains a significant foothold within West Tropical Africa, spanning several key nations. Specifically, it can be found growing in the diverse landscapes of Ghana, Guinea, and the Ivory Coast. Furthermore, its range extends into Liberia, showcasing its adaptability to various tropical environments.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a magnificent tree characterized by its robust and self-supporting growth form. This impressive species is capable of reaching significant heights within its natural habitat. While some specimens may peak at around 45 meters, others can reach a maximum stature of approximately 60.96 meters. Such grand proportions make it a truly dominant presence in the forest canopy.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Entandrophragma cylindricum has demonstrated a wide range of therapeutic potential through various pharmacological studies. Research indicates that the plant possesses significant antioxidant properties, supported by its high phenolic and flavonoid content. Furthermore, it exhibits notable analgesic and antipyretic activities, making it useful for managing pain and fever. The plant also shows strong antiplasmodial effects, with studies proving its ability to inhibit the development of parasites in vivo. These diverse biological activities provide a scientific basis for its traditional use in medicinal practices.
Compounds
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a significant plant used within the Cameroon pharmacopeia for its various medicinal properties. Scientific evaluations of its ethanol extract have revealed a substantial presence of bioactive compounds, specifically including flavonoid content. These flavonoids contribute to the plant's impressive antioxidant capacity and its ability to scavenge free radicals. Furthermore, the presence of these phytochemicals supports the plant's effectiveness in managing inflammation, pain, and fever. Consequently, the chemical profile of Entandrophragma cylindricum highlights its therapeutic potential in traditional medicine.
Conditions
Entandrophragma cylindricum is recognized for its medicinal potential in treating various ailments, including the management of COVID-19 symptoms among local populations. Scientific studies have demonstrated its antiplasmodial activity, showing effectiveness in treating Plasmodium berghei and addressing the threats posed by Plasmodium falciparum. Furthermore, the plant's extracts exhibit significant analgesic and antipyretic properties, which help in treating abdominal writhing. It also functions effectively to treat fever through its demonstrated antipyretic effects. These diverse pharmacological capabilities highlight the plant's importance as a therapeutic resource.
Preparations
Entandrophragma cylindricum is prepared as ethanol extracts to evaluate its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. These ethanol extracts were used in studies to measure phenolic content and radical scavenging activities. Additionally, Entandrophragma cylindricum is prepared as an ethyl acetate extract by macerating the stem bark powder. This specific ethyl acetate extract was tested for its in vivo antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei in mice. The research demonstrates that both extraction methods provide scientific evidence for the medicinal uses of the plant.
Parts used
Entandrophragma cylindricum is a medicinal plant that holds significant promise in the ongoing search for new antimalarial treatments. Recent research focused on the specific properties of the plant's stem, specifically utilizing the stem bark to create an ethyl acetate extract. This extract was tested against Plasmodium berghei in mice to evaluate its potential to combat malaria. The results demonstrated that a high dose of 500 mg/kg could effectively inhibit the development of the parasite. Consequently, these findings provide scientific confirmation for using the stem bark of Entandrophragma cylindricum as a potent antiplasmodial remedy.