vidanga
Embelia ribes · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Sparse (90 studies) · ★★☆☆☆
Vidaunga, scientifically known as Embelia ribes, is a cherished medicinal plant in Ayurvedic tradition. Renowned for its potent antioxidant and antihelmintic properties, it is primarily used to treat intestinal worms and digestive disorders. This versatile herb also supports metabolic health, offering significant therapeutic benefits for holistic wellness and vitality.
Names
Common Names
- vidanga
- false black pepper
- white-flowered embelia
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Embelia ribesSynonyms
- Ribesiodes ribes
- Samara ribes
- Antidesma ribes
Taxonomical Classification
This plant, known scientifically as Embelia ribes, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is classified under the order Ericales and the family Primulaceae. Ultimately, it is categorized under the genus Embelia.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Ericales | WCVP |
| Family | Primulaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Embelia | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant is distributed across several distinct regions within the vast landscape of China. Specifically, it can be found growing in the South-Central areas as well as the Southeast provinces of the country. Its presence extends to the tropical island of Hainan and the high-altitude terrains of Tibet. Beyond the borders of China, the species is also located within the Indian Subcontinent. More precisely, its range includes the specific region of Assam.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| China | China South-Central | WCVP |
| China | Hainan | WCVP |
| China | China Southeast | WCVP |
| China | Tibet | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Assam | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Bangladesh | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | East Himalaya | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | India | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Sri Lanka | WCVP |
| Indo-China | Cambodia | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as Embelia, utilizes various components for its therapeutic applications. The medicinal value is primarily concentrated in the fruits, which are harvested and processed to obtain the highly potent fruit's pericarp. This outer layer is often ground into a fine fruit powder to be used in traditional formulations. Additionally, the roots are recognized for their biological properties, and the Root itself serves as an important part of the plant's overall medicinal profile.| Plant Part | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| fruit | Journal of Asian natural products research (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| root | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Embelia ribes has 13 reported phytochemicals identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include EMBELIN, 2,5-Dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone, Daucosterol, Flavonoids, N-(3-carboxylpropyl)-5-amino-2-hydroxy-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| EMBELIN | 12 supporting sources | ★★★★★ |
| 2,5-Dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Daucosterol | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Flavonoids | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| N-(3-carboxylpropyl)-5-amino-2-hydroxy-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Potassium embelate | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Sitosterol | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Steroids | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Tannins | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| alpha-Amylase | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
EMBELIN
- Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
- Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology
- Molecular biology reports
- Toxicology and applied pharmacology
- Pharmacognosy magazine
View 7 additional sources
- EXCLI journal
- CNS & neurological disorders drug targets
- Microbial pathogenesis
- Molecular cancer research : MCR
- Journal of ethnopharmacology
- Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
- Biomedical chromatography : BMC
2,5-Dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone
- CNS & neurological disorders drug targets
- Molecular cancer research : MCR
Daucosterol
- Journal of natural products
Flavonoids
- Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
N-(3-carboxylpropyl)-5-amino-2-hydroxy-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone
- Journal of natural products
Potassium embelate
- Indian journal of experimental biology
Sitosterol
- Journal of natural products
Steroids
- Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
Tannins
- African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM
alpha-Amylase
- Fitoterapia
Activities
Embelia ribes has 17 reported activities identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Analgesic, Anticancer, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Neuroprotective.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Analgesic | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidiabetic | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Neuroprotective | Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anthelmintic | CNS & neurological disorders drug targets (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antifertility | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antifungal | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiobesity | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Embelia ribes has 35 reported medicinal uses identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include antidiabetic, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Neurodegenerative Disorders.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| antidiabetic | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cancer | EXCLI journal (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Alzheimer's disease | CNS & neurological disorders drug targets (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Huntington's disease | CNS & neurological disorders drug targets (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Neurodegenerative Disorders | CNS & neurological disorders drug targets (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| SARS-CoV-2 infection | Phytotherapy research : PTR (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| acne | International journal of cosmetic science (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| analgesia | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| anthelmintic | Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antioxidant activity | Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Embelin | Molecular cancer research : MCR (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Enkoko | Toxicology and applied pharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Ethanolic extracts | Fitoterapia (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Extracts | International journal of cosmetic science (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Fractions | Journal of traditional and complementary medicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| combination of some plant products | Journal of biosciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ethanolic extract of the roots | Journal of natural products (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fractions | Journal of traditional and complementary medicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruit powder | Indian journal of experimental biology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruits | Journal of Asian natural products research (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |