Black-caraway
Elwendia persica · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (23 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Black-caraway, scientifically known as Elwendia persica, is a remarkable medicinal herb cherished for its therapeutic properties. Renowned for its aromatic seeds, this plant is traditionally used to support digestive health and alleviate respiratory discomfort. Exploring its unique botanical characteristics reveals its significant role in ancient and modern herbal medicine.
- Family
- Apiaceae
- Native range
- Asia-Temperate
- Parts used
- Essential Oils · Extracts
- Common names
- Not available
- Scientific synonyms
- Pimpinella Cyminosma · Bunium Persicum · 3 more
Names
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Bunium persicum
- Carum persicum
- Comino negro
- Semilla negra
- Alcaravea negra
- Comino Negro
French:
- Bunium persicum
- Carum persicum
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Elwendia persicaSynonyms
- Pimpinella cyminosma
- Bunium persicum
- Carum heterophyllum
- Carum persicum
- Sium cyminosma
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. As a member of the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Apiales, it falls under the family Apiaceae. Its specific scientific classification is defined by the genus Elwendia, specifically as Elwendia persica.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Apiales | WCVP |
| Family | Apiaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Elwendia | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a specific geographical distribution concentrated primarily within the regions of Central and Western Asia. In Central Asia, its presence is documented across several countries, including Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan. It is also found within the borders of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Furthermore, the range of this species extends into Western Asia, specifically within Afghanistan. Together, these locations define the natural habitat where the plant can be located.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Central Asia | Kirgizstan | WCVP |
| Central Asia | Turkmenistan | WCVP |
| Central Asia | Tadzhikistan | WCVP |
| Central Asia | Uzbekistan | WCVP |
| Western Asia | Afghanistan | WCVP |
| Western Asia | Iran | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | West Himalaya | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Elwendia persica, is highly valued for its diverse medicinal components derived from various parts of its anatomy. The therapeutic properties are often concentrated in the essential oils harvested from its aromatic structures, which are frequently used in traditional healing practices. Furthermore, the fruit of the plant serves as a primary source for obtaining concentrated extracts that contain bioactive compounds. When these botanical materials are processed, they can yield a potent oil that is utilized for its healing effects, making the entire plant a significant resource in herbal medicine.| Plant Part | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| essential oils | Archives of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| extracts | Archives of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruit | Scientific reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| oil | Farmakologiia i toksikologiia (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Elwendia persica has 12 reported phytochemicals identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include cuminaldehyde, BA, Caryophyllene, Cuminyl acetate, Flavonoids.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| cuminaldehyde | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| BA | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Caryophyllene | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cuminyl acetate | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Flavonoids | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| GA3 | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| JA | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Monoterpenes | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| NAA | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
cuminaldehyde
- 3 Biotech
- Scientific reports
BA
- Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
Caryophyllene
- Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
Cuminyl acetate
- Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
Flavonoids
- Saudi journal of biological sciences
GA3
- Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
GAMMA-TERPINENE
- Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
JA
- Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
Monoterpenes
- Journal of ethnopharmacology
NAA
- Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
Activities
Elwendia persica has 3 reported activities identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Analgesic, Anticonvulsant, Antithrombotic.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Analgesic | European journal of pharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anticonvulsant | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antithrombotic | Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| essential oil | Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| crude methanolic extracts | Saudi journal of biological sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| essential oils | Scientific reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| oil | Farmakologiia i toksikologiia (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| plant essential oils | Archives of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| plant extracts | Archives of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |