What to know about Eclipta prostrata (false daisy) before using it medicinally

Eclipta prostrata, commonly known as false daisy, is a herb that offers numerous health benefits, including the improvement of scalp conditions, such as dandruff and alopecia, and the reduction of inflammation and antioxidant stress.

As an annual herb, Eclipta prostrata requires well-drained soil and partial shade to thrive, and it is often cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. From a botanical perspective, Eclipta prostrata is a member of the Asteraceae family and its leaves contain triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids.

Historically, Eclipta prostrata has been used in traditional medicine in various cultures, including Ayurvedic and Unani medicine, where it is valued for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hair growth-promoting properties.

This article explains the medicinal, horticultural, botanical, and historical aspects of Eclipta prostrata.

What are the medicinal properties of Eclipta prostrata?

Eclipta prostrata helps with treating various skin conditions, including eczema and acne, due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. It is also used to promote hair growth and improve scalp health. Additionally, it is used to reduce stress and anxiety.

The active constituents of Eclipta prostrata include triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. These compounds are responsible for the plant's medicinal properties, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

The leaves and flowers of Eclipta prostrata are most commonly used for medicinal purposes. The leaves are typically used to make teas, infusions, and tinctures, while the flowers are used in traditional medicine to treat various health conditions.

Possible side effects of Eclipta prostrata include allergic reactions, skin irritation, and interactions with other medications. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should use caution when consuming Eclipta prostrata, as there is limited research on its effects on fetal development and infant health.

Precautions when using Eclipta prostrata medicinally include consulting with a healthcare professional before use, especially when combined with other medications. Dosage and preparation methods should also be carefully followed to avoid adverse effects.

What are the horticulural aspects of Eclipta prostrata?

Eclipta prostrata grow best in full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. They require minimal watering, making them suitable for water-conscious gardens. Average temperatures between 65°F to 75°F (18°C to 24°C) promote optimal growth.

Planting tips for Eclipta prostrata involve sowing seeds directly in the ground after the last frost, about 1/4 inch deep and 6 to 8 inches apart. Seeds germinate in 7 to 14 days. For larger growth, transplant seedlings 12 to 18 inches apart. Fertilize lightly, as overfertilization can cause leaf drop.

Harvesting tips for Eclipta prostrata include picking flowers and leaves throughout the growing season. Flowers should be cut when in full bloom, while leaves can be harvested at any stage. Harvested material can be dried to preserve the plant's medicinal properties. Eclipta prostrata can be harvested multiple times without harming the plant.

Pests commonly affecting Eclipta prostrata include aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. Diseases that affect the plant include leaf spot, powdery mildew, and root rot, caused by overwatering. Regular monitoring and treatment can help control these issues, but prevention is the best course of action.

What are the botanical aspects of Eclipta prostrata?

Eclipta prostrata is an annual or perennial herb, 10-60 cm tall, with prostrate to erect stems and alternate, lanceolate to linear leaves, 3-15 cm long and 0.5-3 cm wide.

Eclipta prostrata belongs to the family Asteraceae, tribe Eupatorieae, and is closely related to Eclipta alba. It is a member of the genus Eclipta, which comprises 10-20 species, and is native to tropical and subtropical regions.

Several variants of Eclipta prostrata exist, including Eclipta prostrata var. prostrata and Eclipta prostrata var. calva, which differ in their leaf shape and size. Eclipta prostrata f. lanceolata is a forma with lanceolate leaves.

Eclipta prostrata is native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific Islands. It has been naturalized in many parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands.

Eclipta prostrata has a simple life cycle, which consists of a germination phase, a seedling stage, a vegetative phase, a reproductive phase, and a seed dispersal phase. The plant germinates from seeds, grows vegetatively, produces flowers, and then dies, releasing seeds for new plants to grow.

What are the historical aspects of Eclipta prostrata?

Eclipta prostrata is a plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine. In ancient India, it was used to treat skin conditions and fever. The plant was also used to stimulate hair growth and promote wound healing. In Chinese medicine, it was used to treat jaundice and other liver problems.

In ancient Greek and Roman mythology, Eclipta prostrata was associated with the goddess Isis, who was revered for her healing powers. The plant was also linked to the goddess Cybele, who was associated with fertility and protection. These mythological connections demonstrate the plant's importance in ancient cultures.

Eclipta prostrata has been imbued with symbolic meanings across cultures. In Hinduism, it is associated with the goddess Lakshmi, who embodies prosperity and good fortune. In traditional African cultures, the plant is believed to bring good luck and ward off evil spirits. These symbolic associations reflect the plant's cultural significance.

Historical texts provide evidence of Eclipta prostrata's use in traditional medicine. The ancient Indian text, the Ayurvedic Charaka Samhita, describes the plant's use in treating skin conditions and fever. The Chinese medical text, the Materia Medica, lists the plant as a treatment for liver problems.

Historical artifacts demonstrate the widespread use of Eclipta prostrata in traditional cultures. Excavations in ancient India have uncovered pottery and ceramics featuring images of the plant, suggesting its importance in everyday life. In traditional African cultures, the plant is still used in rituals and ceremonies to promote fertility and prosperity.