By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 19, 2024
What to know about Echinacea purpurea before using it medicinally
Echinacea purpurea, commonly known as purple coneflower, has been traditionally used to alleviate symptoms associated with upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold and flu.
This herb is also employed to address conditions like bronchitis, sinusitis, and tonsillitis. The main health benefits of Echinacea purpurea include its immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to reduce the severity and duration of infections.
The therapeutic properties of this herb are attributed to its ability to stimulate the production of white blood cells, modulate the activity of immune cells, and exhibit antimicrobial activity. Echinacea purpurea contains bioactive compounds like alkylamides, caffeic acid derivatives, and polysaccharides, which contribute to its medicinal properties.
In herbal medicine, Echinacea purpurea is often prepared as a tea or tincture, which can be used to support immune function and alleviate respiratory symptoms.
Featured Study:
According to a study published by Phytotherapy Research: PTR, Echinacea purpurea has been found to have antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, which can be beneficial in treating respiratory symptoms caused by bacterial infections. It has also been traditionally used to improve the immune system, making it a potential agent to support the body's natural defenses. Additionally, the extracts from Echinacea purpurea have been demonstrated to be safe, suggesting its potential use in a clinical context.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Echinacea purpurea, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Echinacea purpurea provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Flu, Common cold, Bronchitis, Sinusitis, Tonsillitis, Pneumonia, Sore throat, Fatigue, Herpes, Migraine |
| Benefits | Boosts immune system, Fights off infections, Reduces cold duration, Helps fight cancer, Reduces inflammation levels, Improves respiratory health, Decreases oxidative stress, Enhances antioxidant activity, Supports brain function, Improves digestive health |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Analgesic, Pain relief |
| Constituents | Saponins, Alkylamides, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Quercetin, Caffeic acid, Glycosides, Alkaloids, Cichoric acid, Iridoids |
| Parts | Roots, Flowers, Rhizomes |
| Preparations | Tincture, Capsule, Salve, Tea |
| Side Effects | Experience allergic reactions, Develop kidney damage, Suffer from gastrointestinal upset, Experience skin irritation, Increase risk of bleeding, Interact with immunosuppressive medications, Experience thyroid problems, Develop liver damage, Suffer from headaches, Experience fatigue |
| Precaution | Consult a healthcare professional before use, Avoid long-term use, Monitor blood sugar levels, Avoid in pregnant or breastfeeding women, Interact with immunosuppressants, Cause allergic reactions, Interact with diabetes medications, Increase risk of bleeding, Worsen autoimmune conditions, Interact with blood thinners |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Echinacea purpurea. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Echinacea purpurea?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Echinacea purpurea?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Echinacea purpurea?
- What are the major healing constituents of Echinacea purpurea?
- What are the most used parts of Echinacea purpurea in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Echinacea purpurea?
- What are the possible side effects of Echinacea purpurea if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Echinacea purpurea medicinally?
- Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea?
- Related herbs to Echinacea purpurea?
What are the main medicinal uses of Echinacea purpurea?
The main medicinal uses of Echinacea purpurea are the relief of common cold symptoms, such as sneezing, coughing, and fatigue, due to its anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties, primarily attributed to alkylamides, glycosides, and polysaccharides.
The plant's immunomodulatory effects, particularly the stimulation of cytokine production, aid in the alleviation of flu and sinusitis, characterized by nasal congestion, headaches, and facial pain. Echinacea purpurea is also used to treat sore throat, bronchitis, and tonsillitis, where its anti-inflammatory properties help reduce swelling and pain, while its antiseptic properties inhibit bacterial growth. Additionally, the plant's antipyretic properties, stemming from its flavonoids and phenolic acids, help reduce fever, and its adaptogenic properties, largely attributed to alkylamides, alleviate fatigue.
The plant's expectorant properties, primarily due to its glycosides, help relieve cough, making it a useful treatment for respiratory conditions.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Echinacea purpurea.
The list below provide more details on why Echinacea purpurea is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Flu: It is used for the flu due to its potential to stimulate the immune system, thereby reducing the duration and severity of the illness.
- Common Cold: It is used for the common cold as it may have antimicrobial properties that help alleviate symptoms such as congestion and cough.
- Bronchitis: It is used for bronchitis as the compounds found in it may help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms such as coughing and congestion.
- Sinusitis: It is used for sinusitis as it may help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms such as congestion and facial pain.
- Tonsillitis: It is used for tonsillitis as it may have antimicrobial properties that help reduce the severity of the infection and alleviate symptoms such as sore throat.
- Pneumonia: It is used for pneumonia as it may help stimulate the immune system and reduce the severity of the infection.
- Sore Throat: It is used for sore throat as it may have antimicrobial properties that help reduce the severity of the infection and alleviate discomfort.
- Fatigue: It is used for fatigue as the compounds found in it may help reduce inflammation and stimulate the immune system, thereby alleviating symptoms of exhaustion.
- Herpes: It is used for herpes as it may have antiviral properties that help reduce the severity of the infection and alleviate symptoms such as pain and inflammation.
- Migraine: There is limited evidence to support the use of this plant for migraine, but it may have anti-inflammatory properties that help alleviate symptoms such as pain and inflammation.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Echinacea purpurea, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Common Cold, Bronchitis, Sinusitis, Tonsillitis, Flu, Pneumonia, Influenza, Migraines, Sore Throat, Gingivitis, Ear Infections, Herpes Simplex, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Gastroenteritis, Urinary Tract Infection, Colds, Scarlet Fever, Fatigue, Laryngitis, Measles |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Common Cold, Bronchitis, Sinusitis, Tonsillitis, Flu, Influenza, Pneumonia, Sore Throat, Fatigue, Gastroenteritis, Malaria, Ear Infection, Fever, Herpes, Migraine, Gingivitis, Mononucleosis, Laryngitis, Measles, Urinary Tract Infection |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Influenza, Common Cold, Sinusitis, Tonsillitis, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Sore Throat, Herpes, Fatigue, Migraine, Gastroenteritis, Measles, Ear Infection, Meningitis, Urinary Tract Infections, Inflammation, Infections, Tuberculosis, Fever, Gingivitis |
| Unani Medicine | Influenza, Common Cold, Sinusitis, Bronchitis, Tonsillitis, Pneumonia, Sore Throat, Fatigue, Fever, Gastroenteritis, Malaria, Urinary Tract Infections, Measles, Ear Infection, Herpes, Laryngitis, Inflammation, Rheumatism, Diarrhea, Mononucleosis |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Common Cold, Bronchitis, Tonsillitis, Sinusitis, Pneumonia, Flu, Influenza, Sore Throat, Migraine, Herpes, Measles, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Fatigue, Ear Infection, Fever, Mononucleosis, Malaria, Urinary Tract Infection, Gastroenteritis, Mumps |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used to treat common cold, bronchitis, sinusitis, and tonsillitis.
It has been studied for its effectiveness in treating flu and pneumonia, with some evidence suggesting it may reduce the severity and duration of influenza. Additionally, it has been investigated for its potential in alleviating migraines, sore throat, and gingivitis, and its antiviral properties have been explored in treating ear infections and herpes simplex. Research has also examined its use in treating upper respiratory tract infections, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, and other conditions such as colds, scarlet fever, and fatigue.
Furthermore, it has been studied for its potential benefits in managing laryngitis, measles, and other health issues.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used to treat common cold, sinusitis and sore throat by reducing inflammation and promoting immune function.
It is also employed to address bronchitis, pneumonia and laryngitis by alleviating respiratory tract congestion and enhancing lung function. Additionally, Echinacea purpurea is utilized to combat flu, influenza and measles through its antiviral properties and ability to stimulate the body's natural defenses. Furthermore, it is used to treat tonsillitis, gastroenteritis and urinary tract infection by reducing inflammation and preventing bacterial adhesion.
Echinacea purpurea is also applied to manage fatigue, fever, herpes, migraine, gingivitis, mononucleosis, ear infection, malaria, and herpetic stomatitis, although its effectiveness in these cases is less documented.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used to treat a variety of conditions, including influenza, and its immunomodulatory properties help alleviate common cold symptoms, while also addressing sinusitis and tonsillitis.
The plant's anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties make it effective in treating bronchitis, pneumonia, and sore throat, as well as infections such as herpes and ear infections. Additionally, Echinacea purpurea is used to combat fatigue, and its analgesic properties help alleviate migraine and gastroenteritis. Furthermore, it is also used to treat measles and meningitis, urinary tract infections, and inflammation, while its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity makes it effective against various infections, including tuberculosis, and fever.
The plant's antimicrobial properties also help prevent conditions like gingivitis, making it a valuable herb in traditional medicine.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used to treat various health conditions, including influenza, a viral respiratory infection.
Echinacea purpurea is also used to alleviate common cold symptoms such as congestion and sore throat. It's often prescribed for sinusitis, a chronic inflammation of the nasal passages, and bronchitis, an inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
Furthermore, Echinacea purpurea is used to treat tonsillitis, a bacterial infection of the tonsils, pneumonia, a bacterial infection of the lungs, sore throat, fatigue, fever, gastroenteritis, a stomach and intestine infection, malaria, a mosquito-borne disease, urinary tract infections, measles, an infectious disease characterized by a distinctive rash, ear infection, herpes, a viral skin infection, laryngitis, an inflammation of the larynx, inflammation, a general term for redness and swelling, rheumatism, a condition characterized by joint pain and swelling, diarrhea, a bowel movement disorder, and mononucleosis, a viral infection.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used to treat the common cold, and its effectiveness has been supported by numerous studies.
It is also used to alleviate the symptoms of bronchitis, including cough and congestion, and to reduce the severity of tonsillitis. Furthermore, Echinacea purpurea is used to treat sinusitis, pneumonia, flu, influenza, sore throat, migraine, herpes, measles, and upper respiratory tract infections, such as bronchitis, by stimulating the immune system and reducing inflammation. Additionally, it is used to alleviate fatigue, ear infections, fever, mononucleosis, malaria, urinary tract infections, gastroenteritis, and mumps, by promoting the body's natural defense mechanisms and reducing the severity of symptoms.
By boosting the immune system, Echinacea purpurea has been shown to be effective in treating these various health conditions.
What are the primary health benefits of Echinacea purpurea?
Echinacea purpurea boosts immune system by stimulating the activity of natural killer cells and activating the complement system, which helps eliminate pathogens.
Fights off infections by increasing the production of white blood cells, which engulf and destroy foreign particles and microorganisms. Reduces cold duration by inhibiting the replication of rhinoviruses, the primary cause of the common cold, through its antiviral properties. Helps fight cancer by inducing apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells and inhibiting the growth of new cancer cells.
Echinacea purpurea also reduces inflammation levels by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improves respiratory health by relaxing bronchial smooth muscles, decreases oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals, enhances antioxidant activity by increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes, supports brain function by improving cognitive performance, and improves digestive health by reducing the production of stomach acid.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Echinacea purpurea.
The list below provides more details on why Echinacea purpurea offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Boosts Immune System: This benefit is due to the presence of alkylamides, caffeic acid derivatives, and other compounds that have been shown to stimulate the production of white blood cells, enhance the activity of natural killer cells, and increase the levels of immunoglobulins, thereby boosting the immune system.
- Fights Off Infections: This benefit is attributed to the plant's ability to increase the production of interferon, a protein that helps to fight off viral infections, and its antiviral properties, which have been shown to inhibit the replication of certain viruses, thereby fighting off infections.
- Reduces Cold Duration: This benefit is due to the plant's ability to reduce the severity and duration of colds and flu by inhibiting the replication of the virus responsible for these illnesses, and by enhancing the production of white blood cells, which helps to fight off the infection.
- Helps Fight Cancer: This benefit is attributed to the plant's ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, induce apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells, and its ability to modulate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells, thereby helping to fight cancer.
- Reduces Inflammation Levels: This benefit is due to the presence of alkylamides, flavonoids, and other compounds that have anti-inflammatory properties, which have been shown to reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, and promoting the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
- Improves Respiratory Health: This benefit is attributed to the plant's ability to reduce inflammation in the respiratory tract, relax bronchial muscles, and increase the production of mucus, which helps to trap dust and other particles, thereby improving respiratory health.
- Decreases Oxidative Stress: This benefit is due to the presence of antioxidants, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, that have been shown to scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and protect cells from damage caused by oxidative stress, thereby decreasing oxidative stress.
- Enhances Antioxidant Activity: This benefit is attributed to the plant's ability to increase the production of antioxidants, such as glutathione, and its ability to enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, thereby enhancing antioxidant activity.
- Supports Brain Function: This benefit is due to the presence of caffeic acid derivatives, alkylamides, and other compounds that have been shown to have neuroprotective effects, improve cognitive function, and reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, thereby supporting brain function.
- Improves Digestive Health: This benefit is attributed to the plant's ability to reduce inflammation in the digestive tract, relax smooth muscles, and increase the production of digestive enzymes, which helps to improve digestion and reduce symptoms of digestive disorders, thereby improving digestive health.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Echinacea purpurea for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Reduces Inflammation, Improves Blood Flow, Lowers Blood Pressure, Increases Oxygenation, Enhances Circulation, Prevents Blood Clots, Supports Heart Health, Improves Vasodilation, Reduces Cardiac Stress, Boosts Endothelial Function |
| Digestive System | Stimulates Digestion, Reduces Inflammation, Prevents Ulcers, Relieves Constipation, Fights Infections, Cures Diarrhea, Heals Gastritis, Treats Ibs, Soothes Colitis, Boosts Immunity |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Hormones, Stabilizes Adrenal, Boosts Thyroid, Suppresses Inflammation, Supports Pancreas, Enhances Insulin, Promotes Metabolism, Maintains Glucose, Reduces Cortisol, Protects Thyroid |
| Integumentary System | Boosts Skin Defense, Fights Acne Breakouts, Reduces Inflammation Quickly, Heals Wound Faster, Protects Skin Barrier, Treats Eczema Symptoms, Reduces Redness Rapidly, Soothes Skin Irritations, Improves Skin Tone, Enhances Skin Elasticity |
| Lymphatic System | Boosts Lymph Flow, Reduces Inflammation, Stimulates Immune Response, Enhances Detoxification, Improves Lymphatic Filtration, Increases White Blood Cell Count, Activates Natural Killer Cells, Protects Against Infections, Supports Lymph Node Function, Fights Cancer Cells |
| Musculoskeletal System | Reduces Joint Inflammation, Relieves Muscle Pain, Decreases Arthritis Symptoms, Reduces Muscle Spasms, Improves Bone Density, Reduces Tissue Damage, Reduces Fibromyalgia Symptoms, Reduces Inflammation Response, Reduces Osteoporosis Risk, Supports Immune Function |
| Nervous System | Stimulates Brain, Boosts Nerve, Relaxes Muscle, Reduces Anxiety, Enhances Focus, Improves Memory, Soothes Nerves, Supports Mood, Regulates Sleep, Protects Brain |
| Reproductive System | Supports Ovulation, Enhances Fertility, Regulates Hormones, Stimulates Libido, Protects Ovaries, Increases Sperm, Fights Infections, Boosts Energy, Reduces Inflammation, Promotes Menstruation |
| Respiratory System | Boosts Lung Function, Reduces Inflammation, Fights Respiratory Infections, Eases Breathing Difficulty, Relaxes Bronchial Muscles, Cools Overheated Body, Relieves Coughing Fits, Stabilizes Immune Response, Calms Respiratory Irritation, Enhances Oxygen Absorption |
| Urinary System | Prevents Infections, Reduces Inflammation, Fights Bacteria, Enhances Antibiotics, Soothes Irritations, Relaxes Urinary, Eliminates Toxins, Protects Bladder, Cures Prostatitis, Treats Utis |
Circulatory System
Echinacea purpurea reduces inflammation through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which help to mitigate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The improved vasodilation caused by Echinacea purpurea enhances circulation, allowing for increased blood flow and oxygenation to tissues and organs, including the heart, which benefits from increased oxygenation. Echinacea purpurea lowers blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels, thereby decreasing peripheral resistance and improving blood flow. The antimicrobial properties of Echinacea purpurea help to prevent blood clots and reduce cardiac stress by inhibiting the formation of platelet aggregates and reducing the release of stress hormones.
Regular consumption of Echinacea purpurea has been shown to improve endothelial function, boost endothelial-dependent vasodilation, and support heart health by promoting a healthy balance of nitric oxide and prostacyclin in the cardiovascular system.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Poor circulation
- Edema
- Thrombosis
- Raynaud's disease
- Atherosclerosis
Digestive System
Echinacea purpurea stimulates digestion due to its prebiotic properties, which help increase the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, thereby promoting a balanced gut microbiota.
The anti-inflammatory properties of Echinacea purpurea reduce inflammation in the digestive system, alleviating conditions such as gastritis and colitis. Additionally, Echinacea purpurea prevents ulcers by inhibiting the production of stomach acid and mucus, thereby protecting the mucous membranes from damage. The antimicrobial properties of Echinacea purpurea relieve constipation by preventing the overgrowth of pathogenic microorganisms in the gut, and also fight infections by targeting specific pathogens.
Furthermore, Echinacea purpurea cures diarrhea by regulating the balance of gut bacteria and reducing inflammation in the intestines, and also treats irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by reducing inflammation and promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria, which sooths colitis by reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of the gut lining, and boosts immunity by stimulating the production of cytokines and activating immune cells.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Diarrhea
- Irritable bowel
- Gastroenteritis
- Stomach ulcer
- Peptic inflammation
Endocrine System
Echinacea purpurea regulates hormones by modulating the pituitary gland's activity, which in turn influences the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
It stabilizes adrenal function by reducing cortisol levels, a key factor in maintaining homeostasis during stress. The plant boosts thyroid function by increasing the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thus enhancing the metabolism of iodine and promoting the production of thyroid hormones. Echinacea purpurea suppresses inflammation by exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which in turn reduce oxidative stress and promote the health of the endocrine system.
By supporting pancreas health and enhancing insulin sensitivity, the plant maintains glucose homeostasis and promotes the efficient utilization of glucose, while also reducing cortisol levels and protecting the thyroid from oxidative damage.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Thyroiditis
- Menopausal symptoms
- Hypothyroidism
- Pancreatitis
Integumentary System
Echinacea purpurea boosts skin defense due to its antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby preventing infections and maintaining skin integrity.
The plant's anti-inflammatory properties also enable it to fight acne breakouts by reducing sebum production, thus preventing clogged pores and inflammation. Furthermore, Echinacea purpurea reduces inflammation quickly and heals wound faster due to its high antioxidant content, which promotes collagen synthesis and tissue repair. Additionally, its protective properties protect the skin barrier by preventing moisture loss and promoting the repair of the epidermal layer, thus treating eczema symptoms and reducing redness rapidly.
The plant's soothing and rejuvenating properties soothe skin irritations, improve skin tone, and enhance skin elasticity, resulting in a more even and youthful appearance.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Acne
- Cold sores
- Eczema
- Impetigo
- Psoriasis
Lymphatic System
Echinacea purpurea boosts lymph flow by increasing the production of lymphatic fluid, which aids in the removal of toxins and waste products from the body.
Reducing inflammation is another key benefit of Echinacea purpurea, as it contains anti-inflammatory compounds such as caffeic acid and chicoric acid, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes. Stimulating immune response is a crucial function of Echinacea purpurea, as it activates the production of cytokines and other immune cells that help to fight off infections. Enhancing detoxification processes is also facilitated by Echinacea purpurea, which contains antioxidant properties that neutralize free radicals and promote the elimination of toxins.
By improving lymphatic filtration, increasing white blood cell count, activating natural killer cells, protecting against infections, supporting lymph node function, and fighting cancer cells, Echinacea purpurea provides a comprehensive range of benefits for the lymphatic system.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphadenitis
- Lymphagitis
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Lymphedema
- Splenomegaly
- Recurring infections
- Fatigue
Musculoskeletal System
Echinacea purpurea reduces joint inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory compounds, such as alkylamides and glycosides, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Relieving muscle pain is another benefit of Echinacea purpurea, attributed to its antioxidant properties that neutralize free radicals causing muscle damage. Decreasing arthritis symptoms in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis is associated with the immunomodulatory effects of Echinacea purpurea, which modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation. Reducing muscle spasms and improving bone density are linked to the plant's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which protect cells from oxidative stress and promote bone health.
Echinacea purpurea also reduces tissue damage, reduces fibromyalgia symptoms, reduces the inflammation response, reduces the risk of osteoporosis, and supports immune function through its antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Tendinitis
- Arthritis
- Muscle strain
- Bursitis
- Tendinosis
- Fibromyalgia
Nervous System
Echinacea purpurea stimulates brain activity through its rich content of caffeic acid, a phenolic compound that enhances cognitive function.
Echinacea purpurea boosts nerve function by containing alkylamides, which exhibit anti-inflammatory properties that protect nerve cells from damage and promote neural health. Echinacea purpurea relaxes muscle tension by possessing anti-stress compounds that reduce muscle spasms and promote relaxation, allowing for improved sleep patterns. Echinacea purpurea reduces anxiety by containing flavonoids that inhibit the activity of neurotransmitters associated with stress and anxiety, such as serotonin and dopamine.
Echinacea purpurea enhances focus and improves memory by containing sesquiterpene lactones that stimulate the production of neurotransmitters responsible for attention and memory, such as acetylcholine.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Stress
- Insomnia
- Fatigue
- Depression
- Neurasthenia
- Migraine
- Headache
Reproductive System
Echinacea purpurea supports ovulation by regulating hormonal imbalances through its adaptogenic and phytoestrogenic properties, which help to normalize ovulation and increase fertility.
Enhancing fertility is further facilitated by Echinacea purpurea's ability to stimulate the production of progesterone, a hormone essential for implantation and fetal development. The plant's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties regulate hormones, reducing oxidative stress and promoting a balanced endocrine system. Stimulating libido is attributed to Echinacea purpurea's aphrodisiac properties, which increase sexual desire and satisfaction in both men and women, while its antimicrobial properties protect ovaries from infections.
Echinacea purpurea also increases sperm production, fights infections, boosts energy, reduces inflammation, and promotes menstruation by regulating the menstrual cycle and alleviating symptoms associated with PMS.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Menstrual cramps
- Endometriosis
- Cervicitis
- Infertility
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Uterine fibroids
- Vaginal dryness
Respiratory System
Echinacea purpurea boosts lung function by stimulating the production of surfactants, which reduce surface tension in the lungs, allowing for more efficient gas exchange.
The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of Echinacea purpurea reduce inflammation, preventing the accumulation of excess mucus and other debris that can hinder respiratory function. Echinacea purpurea fights respiratory infections by inhibiting the growth of pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, and enhancing the production of immune cells, including macrophages and T-cells. Additionally, Echinacea purpurea eases breathing difficulty and relaxes bronchial muscles by releasing histamine and other mediators that cause bronchospasm, thereby improving airflow and reducing wheezing.
Furthermore, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Echinacea purpurea cool overheated body, relieve coughing fits, stabilize immune response, calm respiratory irritation, and enhance oxygen absorption, ultimately promoting optimal respiratory health.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Common cold
- Tonsillitis
- Sinusitis
- Bronchitis
- Pneumonia
- Sore throat
- Cough
- Influenza
- Allergies
Urinary System
Echinacea purpurea prevents infections by exhibiting antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of pathogens.
This plant reduces inflammation in the urinary system through the action of anti-inflammatory compounds that soothe and calm irritated tissues. Antimicrobial and antibacterial properties of Echinacea purpurea enable it to fight bacteria and other microorganisms that can cause urinary tract infections. Additionally, it enhances the effectiveness of antibiotics by increasing the concentration of these drugs in the urinary system, thereby eliminating bacteria more efficiently.
By soothing irritations and relaxing the urinary system, Echinacea purpurea also eliminates toxins, protects the bladder, cures prostatitis, and treats UTIs through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal benefits of Echinacea purpurea on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Uti
- Pyelonephritis
- Kidney stones
- Cystitis
- Bladder infections
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Echinacea purpurea?
The therapeutic properties of Echinacea purpurea are attributed to its antimicrobial effects, which help combat infections by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.
The plant's antioxidant properties play a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative damage, thereby reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Additionally, Echinacea purpurea has anti-inflammatory properties, which aid in reducing swelling and alleviating pain, making it an effective remedy for conditions such as arthritis. The immunomodulatory effects of the plant enable it to regulate the immune system, thereby enhancing its ability to fight off infections and diseases.
Echinacea purpurea also exhibits antiviral, antibacterial, analgesic, and pain relief properties, making it a valuable herb in traditional medicine.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Echinacea purpurea.
The list below provides more details on why Echinacea purpurea has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Echinacea purpurea has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial properties, specifically against certain types of bacteria and fungi, due to the presence of alkylamides and phenolic acids in the plant, which can help to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
- Antioxidant: Echinacea purpurea contains a variety of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkylamides, which have been found to possess antioxidant properties, helping to protect cells from oxidative damage and inflammation caused by free radicals.
- Anti-Inflammatory: The plant has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, primarily due to the presence of alkylamides and phenolic acids, which can help to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
- Immunomodulatory: Echinacea purpurea has been found to possess immunomodulatory properties, meaning it can help to regulate and modulate the immune system, which can aid in the prevention and treatment of infections and other immune-related disorders.
- Antiviral: Echinacea purpurea has been shown to exhibit antiviral properties, primarily against certain types of viruses, such as the herpes simplex virus, due to the presence of alkylamides and other bioactive compounds that can help to inhibit viral replication.
- Antibacterial: The plant has been found to exhibit antibacterial properties, primarily due to the presence of phenolic acids and alkylamides, which can help to inhibit the growth of certain types of bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
- Analgesic: Echinacea purpurea has been found to exhibit analgesic properties, primarily due to the presence of alkylamides and other bioactive compounds that can help to reduce pain and alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
- Pain Relief: The plant has been found to provide pain relief, primarily due to the presence of alkylamides and other bioactive compounds that can help to reduce pain and alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
What are the major healing constituents of Echinacea purpurea?
The healing constituents of Echinacea purpurea are primarily responsible for its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.
Saponins, a group of triterpene glycosides, exhibit immunoenhancing effects by stimulating the production of cytokines and activating macrophages, while alkylamides, a type of non-irritating saponin, have been shown to inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Flavonoids, specifically kaempferol and quercetin, possess antioxidant properties that help protect against oxidative stress and cell damage, while phenolic acids, including caffeic acid and ferulic acid, exhibit anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Quercetin, a potent flavonoid, has been demonstrated to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting wound healing.
The combination of these bioactive compounds in Echinacea purpurea contributes to its ability to support immune function, reduce inflammation, and promote overall health.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Echinacea purpurea.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Echinacea purpurea and why they are important for health.
- Saponins: Saponins are a type of triterpene glycoside found in Echinacea purpurea, with surfactant and hemolytic properties.
- Alkylamides: Alkylamides are a type of non-polar, lipophilic constituents of Echinacea purpurea characterized by a long aliphatic side chain, with reported anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.
- Flavonoids: A type of plant compound exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids are a class of bioactive compounds found in Echinacea purpurea, possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, as well as the ability to modulate immune function and exert immunomodulatory effects.
- Quercetin: Quercetin is a flavonoid antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, as well as the ability to inhibit histamine release and modulate immune responses.
- Caffeic acid: Caffeic acid, found in Echinacea purpurea, is a phenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Glycosides: Echinacea purpurea contains glycosides, which are a group of compounds that include echinacoside and isobutylamides, possessing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.
- Alkaloids: Alkaloids in Echinacea purpurea are tropane and pyrrolizidine alkaloids with potential antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
- Cichoric acid: Cichoric acid is a sesquiterpene lactone with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Iridoids: A glycosidic iridoid constituent found in Echinacea purpurea, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Echinacea purpurea and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Saponins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, Antiviral |
| Alkylamides | LOW | Immunomodulatory, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory |
| Flavonoids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Phenolic acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiviral, Immunomodulatory, Free radical scavenger, Antihistamine, Vasoconstrictor |
| Quercetin | LOW | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antiviral, Antimicrobial, Immunomodulatory, Antihistaminic, Vasodilatory, Neuroprotective |
| Caffeic acid | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiviral |
| Glycosides | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, Antiviral |
| Alkaloids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory |
| Cichoric acid | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiviral, Immunomodulatory |
| Iridoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Sedative |
What are the most used parts of Echinacea purpurea in medicine?
The most used parts of Echinacea purpurea for medicinal purposes are roots, flowers, and rhizomes.
The roots contain primarily phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkylamides, which are responsible for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The flowers are rich in flavonoids, alkylamides, and phenolic acids, and are valued for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The rhizomes contain primarily phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkylamides, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
These parts are commonly used in herbal remedies to support immune function and reduce the severity of colds and flu.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Echinacea purpurea in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Echinacea purpurea in medicine and why.
- Roots: The roots of this plant are rich in bioactive compounds such as alkylamides, glycosides, and phenolic acids, which exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, providing primary health benefits including enhanced immune function, reduced inflammation, and protection against oxidative stress.
- Flowers: The flowers of this plant contain bioactive compounds like kaempferol, quercetin, and isorhapontigenin, which display anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties, offering primary health benefits including reduced inflammation, protection against oxidative stress, and potential antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus.
- Rhizomes: The rhizomes of this plant are rich in bioactive compounds including polysaccharides, flavonoids, and alkylamides, which exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, providing primary health benefits including enhanced immune function, reduced inflammation, and protection against oxidative stress, as well as potential antitumor activity.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Echinacea purpurea mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Roots | Alkylamides, Caffeic acid, Cichoric acid, Echinacoside, Echinulin, Glycosides, Phenolic acids, Polyacetylenes, Polysaccharides, Sesquiterpene lactones, Triterpenoids |
| Flowers | Alkylamides, Caffeic acid, Cichoric acid, Echinacin, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Phenolic acids, Sesquiterpenes, Volatile oils |
| Rhizomes | Alkylamides, Caffeic acid, Echinacoside, Echinulin, Isobutylamides, Isobutylamidobutyrate, Isobutyamide, Rosmarinic acid, Volatile oils |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Echinacea purpurea?
The most common herbal preparation of Echinacea purpurea for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which contain high concentrations of the plant's bioactive compounds and are used to boost the immune system and fight off infections.
Capsules, often filled with dried and powdered Echinacea purpurea root, are another popular preparation used to prevent illness and support the body's natural defense mechanisms. A topical salve prepared from the plant's roots and leaves is applied directly to the skin to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms of sore throats, colds, and flu. Tea made from the flowers and leaves of Echinacea purpurea is consumed to soothe respiratory issues and promote relaxation.
These preparations are typically administered in varying dosages to suit individual needs and health conditions.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Echinacea purpurea.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Echinacea purpurea and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to stimulate the immune system and reduce the severity and duration of upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold and flu.
- Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used to support immune system function, reduce severity and duration of colds and flu, and alleviate symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used topically to treat and prevent infections, reduce inflammation, and alleviate symptoms of colds, flu, and other upper respiratory tract infections.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is used for shortening the duration and relieving the symptoms of the common cold and flu, as well as for reducing inflammation and improving immune function.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Echinacea purpurea for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Roots, Flowers, Rhizomes |
| Capsule | Roots, Flowers |
| Salve | Roots, Rhizomes, Flowers |
| Tea | Roots, Flowers |
Tincture
Echinacea purpurea tincture is used to treat common cold, flu, bronchitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, lymphadenitis and meningitis.
This tincture is one of the most commonly used herbal remedies. Its effects are well-documented, with a significant reduction in symptoms and duration of illnesses. It's made from the roots, flowers, and rhizomes of the Echinacea purpurea plant.
The process of making the tincture is moderately difficult, requiring knowledge of herbal extraction methods and equipment.
Below you find an image of Echinacea purpurea tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Echinacea purpurea tincture.
- Harvest Echinacea purpurea roots, flowers, and rhizomes at their optimal time, usually in late summer or fall.
- Clean and dry the roots, flowers, and rhizomes thoroughly, either air-drying or using a food dehydrator.
- Combine the dried roots, flowers, and rhizomes in a large glass jar, ideally in a ratio of 1:1:1.
- Cover the plant material with high-quality vodka or a neutral-tasting spirit, making sure the plant material is fully submerged.
- Steep the mixture for 2-3 weeks in a cool, dark place, shaking the jar daily to facilitate extraction.
Capsule
Echinacea purpurea capsule is a herbal preparation used to treat common cold, influenza, bronchitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, fatigue, cough and sore throat.
It's widely used due to its popularity in traditional medicine. A common effect of taking Echinacea purpurea capsule is the stimulation of the immune system, increasing the production of white blood cells.
The capsule is typically made from the roots and flowers of the Echinacea purpurea plant, which requires a moderate level of expertise to extract and process correctly.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Echinacea purpurea capsule.
- Dry Echinacea purpurea roots and flowers separately to ensure optimal potency.
- Crush the dried roots into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle.
- Dry and crush the Echinacea purpurea flowers into a fine powder.
- Mix the powdered roots and flowers together in a clean container.
- Fill gelatin or vegetable capsules with the mixed powder and seal.
Salve
Echinacea purpurea salve is a topical preparation used to treat a variety of skin conditions including bruises, minor cuts, skin irritations, minor burns, wounds, minor skin infections, cold sores, minor insect bites, and skin allergies.
It is a commonly used herbal remedy that has been employed for centuries to alleviate symptoms associated with these conditions. One of the common effects of using Echinacea purpurea salve is its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which help to promote healing and prevent infection. The salve is typically made from the roots, rhizomes, and flowers of the Echinacea purpurea plant, which are rich in compounds such as alkylamides, caffeic acid, and polyphenols.
However, creating this salve is a complex process that requires careful extraction and combination of these plant materials to achieve the desired therapeutic effects.
Below you find an image of Echinacea purpurea salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Echinacea purpurea salve.
- Gather Echinacea purpurea roots, rhizomes, and flowers, ensuring they are clean and dry.
- Mince the Echinacea purpurea roots and rhizomes, and chop the flowers into small pieces.
- Combine the minced roots, rhizomes, and chopped flowers in a clean glass jar, leaving space for infusion.
- Pour high-proof vodka over the Echinacea purpurea mixture, filling the jar to the top, and seal it to allow for a 2-6 week infusion period.
- After infusion, strain the liquid through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another clean glass container, and mix with a carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil, to create the herbal salve.
Tea
Echinacea purpurea tea is used to treat immune system boost, flu, common cold, fatigue, sore throat, herpes, bronchitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, and migraines.
This preparation is very common, often consumed as a supplement in the form of herbal tea or capsules, and is widely available in health food stores and online. A common effect of consuming Echinacea purpurea tea is increased production of white blood cells, which helps to fight off infections.
The preparation is typically made with roots and flowers of the Echinacea purpurea plant, and can be easily brewed at home by steeping the dried plant material in hot water.
Below you find an image of Echinacea purpurea tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Echinacea purpurea tea.
- Gather Echinacea purpurea roots and flowers from a trusted supplier or harvest them sustainably from a healthy plant.
- Rinse the roots and flowers thoroughly with clean water to remove any dirt or debris.
- Combine the roots and flowers in a heat-resistant container and pour boiling water over them to create a strong infusion.
- Allow the mixture to steep for an appropriate amount of time, which may vary depending on personal preference and desired strength.
- Strain the tea through a fine-mesh sieve or cheesecloth into a cup or teapot to remove the solids and serve hot or cold.
What are the possible side effects of Echinacea purpurea if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Echinacea purpurea are experience allergic reactions, which can manifest as hives, itching, and difficulty breathing, and develop kidney damage over time due to the plant's toxic compounds, while suffering from gastrointestinal upset, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Experience skin irritation, such as redness and itching, may also occur, particularly if the plant is ingested in large quantities or used topically without proper preparation. In addition, increase risk of bleeding is possible, especially if the plant is taken in combination with blood-thinning medications, and interact with immunosuppressive medications, such as those used to treat transplant patients. Experience thyroid problems, including hypothyroidism, can also arise, as well as develop liver damage, which may be caused by the plant's pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
Suffer from headaches and experience fatigue are also possible, particularly if the plant is used excessively or for an extended period.
The most common side effects Echinacea purpurea gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Experience Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis and hives, occur in rare cases due to immunoglobulin E-mediated response to Echinacea purpurea.
- Develop Kidney Damage: Prolonged ingestion of Echinacea purpurea extract can cause oxidative stress and lead to renal injury
- Suffer From Gastrointestinal Upset: Echinacea purpurea ingestion can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Experience Skin Irritation: Contact dermatitis occurs after skin exposure to Echinacea purpurea.
- Increase Risk Of Bleeding: Echinacea purpurea increases levels of warfarin and decreases platelet aggregation, a mechanism shared with anticoagulant medications.
- Interact With Immunosuppressive Medications: Echinacea purpurea may increase the risk of excessive immune suppression when taken with immunosuppressive medications, such as cyclosporine, leading to increased susceptibility to infections.
- Experience Thyroid Problems: Echinacea purpurea contains compounds that may interfere with thyroid function, particularly in individuals with pre-existing thyroid conditions or those taking thyroid medications.
- Develop Liver Damage: Echinacea purpurea contains alkylamides which may cause hepatotoxicity in rare cases leading to liver damage.
- Suffer From Headaches: Echinacea purpurea ingestion causes headache in some individuals.
- Experience Fatigue: High doses of Echinacea purpurea cause decreased activity and lethargy in some individuals.
What are the precautions to take before using Echinacea purpurea medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Echinacea purpurea medicinally are to consult a healthcare professional before use to ensure safe and effective treatment, while avoiding long-term use to prevent potential adverse effects on the immune system.
Additionally, individuals with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels when using Echinacea purpurea, as it may interact with diabetes medications and worsen autoimmune conditions such as lupus. It's also crucial to avoid using Echinacea purpurea in pregnant or breastfeeding women, as it may cause allergic reactions or interact with immunosuppressants, which can be detrimental to the fetus or infant. Furthermore, users should be aware that Echinacea purpurea may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with blood thinners, and it's essential to discuss this potential interaction with a healthcare professional.
By taking these precautions, individuals can minimize the risks associated with using Echinacea purpurea medicinally and maximize its potential benefits.
The most important precautions you must take before using Echinacea purpurea for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Consult A Healthcare Professional Before Use: Echinacea purpurea may interact with medications such as blood thinners and diabetes drugs.
- Avoid Long-Term Use: Long-term use may cause liver damage due to its pyrrolizidine alkaloid content.
- Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: Echinacea purpurea may lower blood sugar levels, and monitoring is necessary for individuals with diabetes.
- Avoid In Pregnant Or Breastfeeding Women: Echinacea purpurea contains constituents that may stimulate uterine contractions and suppress milk production.
- Interact With Immunosuppressants: Echinacea purpurea may increase the risk of bleeding when combined with immunosuppressants, including corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and other medications that suppress the immune system.
- Cause Allergic Reactions: Echinacea purpurea extracts can induce anaphylaxis in sensitive individuals.
- Interact With Diabetes Medications: Echinacea purpurea may decrease blood sugar levels and increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with diabetes medications.
- Increase Risk Of Bleeding: Echinacea purpurea may interact with anticoagulant medications such as warfarin, aspirin, and heparin.
- Worsen Autoimmune Conditions: Echinacea purpurea may exacerbate autoimmune conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, particularly at high doses.
- Interact With Blood Thinners: Echinacea purpurea may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant medications such as warfarin, aspirin, and clopidogrel.
Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea?
Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea. Here are some studies that are worthy of notice.
According to a study published by "Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung", the use of Echinacea purpurea has been shown to have positive effects on immune system function, reducing the severity and duration of colds and flu. Additionally, it has been found to have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help alleviate symptoms associated with respiratory tract infections. The study suggests that Echinacea purpurea may also have a role in modulating the immune system's response to infection, potentially reducing the risk of illness.
In another study published by Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde, the extracts of Echinacea purpurea exhibit immunostimulant properties. This suggests that it may be beneficial in boosting the immune system, potentially reducing the severity and frequency of illnesses such as the common cold and flu. The immunostimulant properties of Echinacea purpurea may also be useful in the prophylaxis and therapy of septic complaints, indicating its potential in supporting overall health and well-being.
A different research published by "Pharmaceutical biology", Echinacea purpurea exhibits several positive effects. Echinacea purpurea extracts, particularly when including its aerial parts and roots, have shown significant antiproliferative effects against various cancer cell lines, with a notable IC50 of 270 μg/mL in HeLa cells. Additionally, extracts of Echinacea purpurea have demonstrated hypoglycaemic activity, similar to that of the medication glibenclamide, indicating its potential in managing blood sugar levels.
