Discoglypremna caloneura
Discoglypremna caloneura · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (2 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Discoglypremna caloneura is a botanical species that has garnered significant scientific interest due to its diverse pharmacological potential. Research focusing on the stem barks has led to the development of both ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. These preparations are rich in bioactive secondary metabolites, including 7-oxo-stigmasterol, acetylaleuritolic acid, aurantiamide acetate, and caloneuramide. Investigations into these chemical constituents have revealed notable biological activities, specifically regarding their antifilarial and cytotoxic properties. Consequently, this plant serves as a promising subject for the discovery of new therapeutic agents.
- Synonyms
- Alchornea Caloneura
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Euphorbiaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Stem
Classification
Common Names
Discoglypremna caloneura is a fascinating plant that is known by various names depending on the linguistic context. In certain regions, it is referred to by its common Slovak name, orieškovec krásnožilový. Conversely, the species is also identified by the Chinese name 催吐桐. These diverse labels highlight the global interest in the plant's unique characteristics. Understanding these various common names can help botanists and enthusiasts identify the species across different cultures.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Discoglypremna caloneura is a botanical species that has undergone taxonomic revisions in recent scientific studies. In various biological databases and older literature, this plant is frequently identified by its synonym, Alchornea caloneura. Understanding these nomenclatural shifts is essential for researchers aiming to track the species' distribution and characteristics accurately. While the names may differ, they both refer to the exact same biological entity within the plant kingdom. Consequently, recognizing both terms ensures clarity when documenting the evolutionary history of this specific taxon.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Discoglypremna caloneura is a specialized member of the kingdom Plantae. This unique organism is classified under the class Equisetopsida and belongs to the diverse order Malpighiales. Within this taxonomic hierarchy, it is situated specifically in the family Euphorbiaceae. The plant is further defined by its placement within the genus Discoglypremna. Understanding these biological relationships provides essential insight into its evolutionary history and place in the natural world.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Malpighiales |
| Family | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus | Discoglypremna |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Discoglypremna caloneura is a plant species with a notable presence across various regions of the African continent. Its distribution spans from East Tropical Africa, specifically within the borders of Uganda, to the lush landscapes of West Tropical Africa. Within the western reaches, the species can be found thriving in Benin and Ghana. It also maintains a steady population throughout Guinea and the Ivory Coast. This wide geographical range highlights the plant's adaptability to diverse tropical environments across Africa.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Discoglypremna caloneura is a distinguished tree species characterized by its robust, self-supporting growth form. This botanical specimen reaches impressive proportions within its natural habitat. While its stature can vary, it typically achieves a maximum height of approximately 22.5 meters. In certain optimal conditions, the tree can extend even further, reaching a peak height of up to 27.43 meters.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Discoglypremna caloneura has demonstrated significant biological potential through the identification of several bioactive compounds. Research indicates that 3-O-acetyl aleuritolic acid, isolated from this plant, possesses notable antifilarial activity against the adult male worms of Onchocerca gutturosa. Furthermore, investigations into the stem bark of the species have revealed the presence of new isoquinolines and ceramides. These specific extracts and compounds have also been evaluated for their cytotoxic properties, showing moderate activity against Chang liver cells. Collectively, these findings highlight the medicinal importance of the plant in both antiparasitic and anticancer research contexts.
Compounds
Discoglypremna caloneura is a plant species that has yielded several significant chemical compounds from its stem barks. Chemical analysis has identified that this species contains acetylaleuritolic acid and aurantiamide acetate. Furthermore, the plant is a source of the ceramide known as caloneuramide. Researchers also discovered the presence of 7-oxo-stigmasterol within its biological makeup. Finally, the study highlights the isolation of an isoquinoline, which contributes to the plant's unique chemical profile.
Conditions
Discoglypremna caloneura contains 3-O-acetyl aleuritolic acid, which demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against the adult male parasite Onchocerca gutturosa. The plant also yields specific isoquinoline and ceramide compounds that exhibit potent antiproteinase activity. Furthermore, various extracts and compounds from this species possess measurable cytotoxic activities. These cytotoxic effects have been specifically observed during testing on Chang liver cells. Together, these properties highlight the diverse pharmacological potential of Discoglypremna caloneura.
Preparations
Discoglypremna caloneura is utilized as a source for the isolation of various bioactive compounds from its stem barks. These stem barks specifically provided a new isoquinoline and a ceramide known as caloneuramide. In addition to the raw bark, the plant is prepared as ethyl acetate and methanol extracts for further study. These specific extracts were evaluated and found to exhibit moderate cytotoxicity activity against Chang liver cells. Consequently, the plant's various forms serve as essential material for investigating antiproteinase and cytotoxic properties.
Parts used
Discoglypremna caloneura serves as a significant source of bioactive secondary metabolites, particularly within its stem bark. Recent chemical investigations have successfully isolated a new isoquinoline and a ceramide, known as caloneuramide, from this specific plant part. These extracted compounds, along with several known substances, demonstrate notable pharmacological potential. Specifically, certain derivatives showed potent antiproteinase activities that outperformed standard drugs like acetyl salicylic acid. Furthermore, extracts from the stem exhibited moderate cytotoxic effects on liver cells, highlighting the medicinal importance of the plant's structural components.