Dillenia pentagyna
Dillenia pentagyna · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Dillenia pentagyna is a significant medicinal plant recognized for its diverse therapeutic potential in modern pharmacology. The leaves of this species are particularly valued for their rich concentration of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. Scientific investigations have highlighted its impressive pharmacological activities, ranging from antibacterial and anthelmintic properties to anti-HIV capabilities. Most notably, the plant demonstrates potent anticancer effects by influencing critical cellular markers such as Claudin-1, N-Cadherin, and mitochondrial membrane potential. These multifaceted biological actions position Dillenia pentagyna as a promising subject for developing novel treatments against complex diseases.
- Synonyms
- Wormia Coromandelina · Colbertia Augusta · 9 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Dilleniaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Leaf
Classification
Common Names
Dillenia pentagyna is a distinctive plant known by various regional names across different cultures. In certain areas, it is affectionately referred to as Hargoza, while in Russian-speaking regions, it is identified as Дилления пятипестичная. Its diverse identity extends to South Asia, where it is commonly called पिवळा करमळ. Additionally, the species is recognized in Thailand by the name ส้านช้าง. These varied common names highlight the widespread botanical significance and geographical reach of this unique species.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Dillenia pentagyna is a complex species that has been documented under several different scientific names throughout botanical history. It is recognized by various synonyms, including the classifications Colbertia augusta and Colbertia coromandelina. Researchers also refer to the plant as Colbertia minor when categorizing its specific variations. Furthermore, the species is linked to the names Dillenia augusta and Dillenia baillonii in various taxonomic records. Understanding these overlapping relationships is essential for accurately identifying the plant across different botanical studies.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Dillenia pentagyna is a fascinating specimen that belongs to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological realm, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It specifically falls into the order Dilleniales, which helps scientists understand its evolutionary lineage. Furthermore, this species is a distinguished member of the family Dilleniaceae. Ultimately, its identity is defined by its placement within the genus Dillenia.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Dilleniales |
| Family | Dilleniaceae |
| Genus | Dillenia |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Dillenia pentagyna exhibits a broad and diverse geographical distribution across various regions of Asia. This species can be found throughout temperate China, including the specific province of Hainan. Its presence extends significantly into tropical zones, particularly across the Indian Subcontinent. Within these tropical landscapes, it thrives in regions such as Assam and Bangladesh. Additionally, the plant is well-established in the unique environmental conditions of the East Himalaya.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Dillenia pentagyna is a self-supporting tree that establishes a sturdy presence within its ecosystem. Reaching a maximum height of 15 meters, it develops a significant structural form as it matures. This growth pattern allows the species to thrive as a distinct component of the forest canopy.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Dillenia pentagyna is a plant species characterized by a diverse profile of bioactive phytochemicals. Research involving ultrasonic-assisted extraction has revealed that its ethanolic extracts are significantly enriched with various secondary metabolites. Specifically, the plant contains notable concentrations of flavonoids, which are particularly abundant in the bark. Additionally, chemical screening confirms the presence of essential compounds such as saponin, tannin, and terpenoids. These findings highlight the complex chemical composition of the species and underscore its potential medicinal properties.
Conditions
Dillenia pentagyna, specifically through its ethanolic leaf extract, plays a critical role in modulating several key biological markers in cancer cells. The plant effectively reduces the expression and activity of MMP-9 by downregulating the NF-κβ pathway. It also suppresses metastasis by decreasing the levels of N-cadherin. Furthermore, the extract promotes the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by increasing the Bax to Bcl2 ratio. This process ultimately leads to the successful activation of caspase-3 within the treated cells.
Preparations
Parts used
Dillenia pentagyna serves as a significant source of traditional medicine, with various parts of the plant being utilized to treat various disorders including cancer. Recent scientific investigations have specifically focused on the leaf, utilizing an ethanolic extract to explore its medicinal properties. This leaf extract, known as EELDP, has demonstrated a remarkable ability to reduce cell migration in highly metastatic human lung adenocarcinoma cells. By downregulating the NF-κβ pathway, the extract effectively triggers the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. These findings suggest that the active compounds found within the leaves of Dillenia pentagyna possess potent potential for controlling cancer progression.