burning bush
Dictamnus albus · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Extensive (406 studies) · ★★★★★
Burning bush, scientifically known as Dictamnus albus, is a striking perennial shrub celebrated for its aromatic foliage and fragrant white blooms. Historically utilized in traditional medicine for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, this resilient plant offers unique therapeutic potential, making it a subject of significant interest in ethnobotanical studies.
Names
Common Names
- burningbush
- dittany
- fraxinella
- gasplant
- white dittany
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Díctamo
- Diptamo
- Dictamnus angustifolius
- Fraxinella dictamnus
- Yerba del puerto
- Dictamnus gymnostylis
- Fresnilla
- Herba gitanera
- Dictamo real
- Fraxinella alba
- Díptamo
- Dictamnus fraxinella
- Dictamnus obtusiflorus
- Fraxinela
- Fraxinella fulgurans
- Chitan
- Dictamo
- Gitam
- díctamo blanco
- Gitam
German:
- Diptam
- Gemeiner Diptam
- Gewöhnlicher Diptam
- Fraxinelle
- brennender Busch
- weißer Diptam
- Gewöhnlicher Diptam
- Aschwurz
French:
- Dictame blanc
- fraxinelle
- dictame blanc
- herbe aux éclairs
- Fraxinelle
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Dictamnus albusSynonyms
- Dictamnus tadshikorum
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. obtusiflorus
- Fraxinella alba
- Dictamnus albus var. himalayensis
- Dictamnus albus var. angustifolius
- Fraxinella dictamnus
- Dictamnus dasycarpus var. velutinus
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. grandiflorus
- Dictamnus albus var. bucharicus
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. europaeus
- Dictamnus albus subsp. gymnostylis
- Dictamnus albus var. macedonicus
- Dictamnus albus subsp. turkestanicus
- Dictamnus albus var. gynodynamicus
- Dictamnus altaicus
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. albus
- Dictamnus angustifolius
- Dictamnus albus var. albiflos
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. albiflos
- Dictamnus dasycarpus f. velutinus
- Dictamnus caucasicus var. angustifolius
- Dictamnus caucasicus var. grandidentatus
- Dictamnus fraxinella
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. caucasicus
- Dictamnus gymnostylis
- Dictamnus albus var. obtusiflorus
- Dictamnus himalayensis
- Dictamnus caucasicus
- Dictamnus albus subvar. angustifolius
- Dictamnus macedonicus
- Dictamnus albus var. caucasicus
- Dictamnus albus subsp. caucasicus
- Dictamnus microphyllus
- Dictamnus albus var. europaeus
- Dictamnus obtusiflorus
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. macrophylla
- Dictamnus fraxinella var. microphylla
- Dictamnus albus var. lanceolatus
- Dictamnus levistylus
- Dictamnus longifrons var. leucopetalus
- Dictamnus albus var. leucopetalus
- Dictamnus albus subvar. latifolius
Taxonomical Classification
This plant, Dictamnus albus, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. It is classified under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae within the order Sapindales. Finally, it is a member of the family Rutaceae and falls under the genus Dictamnus.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Sapindales | WCVP |
| Family | Rutaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Dictamnus | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant is primarily distributed across several regions within Middle Europe. It can be found growing in the natural landscapes of Austria. Its presence extends further into the territories of Czechia and Slovakia. Additionally, the species is well-established within the borders of Germany. Finally, its geographical range includes significant populations in Hungary and Poland.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Poland | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Switzerland | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | France | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Spain | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Albania | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, known as white Dittany, possesses various components that are utilized for their therapeutic properties. The roots and the root bark are often harvested for their medicinal potency, containing bioactive compounds that have been studied for their potential health benefits. Additionally, the essential oil extracted from the plant serves as a concentrated source of its aromatic and chemical constituents, making it a valuable element in traditional and modern applications.| Plant Part | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| root | Chinese journal of natural medicines (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Dictamnus albus has 58 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Fraxinellone, Dictamnine, Limonin, Obacunone, Robustine.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Fraxinellone | 3 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Dictamnine | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Limonin | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Obacunone | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Robustine | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Skimmianine | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| (E)-Anethol | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| (E)-beta-ocimene | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| (Z)-3-HEXENYL ACETATE | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| (Z)-BETA-OCIMENE | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Fraxinellone
- Dr. Duke
- Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
- Journal of ethnopharmacology
Dictamnine
- Dr. Duke
- Chinese journal of natural medicines
Limonin
- Dr. Duke
- Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
Obacunone
- Dr. Duke
- Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
Robustine
- Dr. Duke
- Chinese journal of natural medicines
Skimmianine
- Dr. Duke
- Chinese journal of natural medicines
(E)-Anethol
- Dr. Duke
(E)-beta-ocimene
- Dr. Duke
(Z)-3-HEXENYL ACETATE
- Dr. Duke
(Z)-BETA-OCIMENE
- Dr. Duke
Activities
Dictamnus albus has 299 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Hepatoprotective, 5-HT-Inhibitor, ACE-Inhibitor.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Hepatoprotective | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 5-HT-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ACE-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| AChE-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Abortifacient | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Acaricide | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Adrenostimulant | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Dictamnus albus has 5 reported medicinal uses identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include cough, jaundice, left ventricular hypertrophy, rheumatism, skin diseases.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| cough | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| jaundice | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| left ventricular hypertrophy | Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rheumatism | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| skin diseases | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| EO | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| essential oil | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| root bark | Fitoterapia (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |