Dianthus amurensis Jacq.

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• China pink
• Chinese pink
• rainbow pink
• Indian pink
• Japanese pink
• annual pink
• dianthus
• pink
• Chinese-pink

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Dianthus chinensis var. subulifolius
• Dianthus chinensis f. ignescens
• Dianthus seguieri var. dentosus
• Dianthus collinus var. scaber
• Dianthus serratus var. scaber
• Dianthus chinensis var. heddewigii
• Dianthus chinensis var. laciniatus
• Dianthus versicolor var. alpinus
• Dianthus subulifolius f. leucopetalus
• Dianthus jeniseensis
• Dianthus subulifolius
• Dianthus pulcher
• Dianthus chinensis var. macrosepalus
• Dianthus chinensis var. serpens
• Dianthus chinensis var. shandongensis
• Dianthus dentosus
• Dianthus versicolor subsp. ninelli
• Dianthus chinensis f. albiflora
• Dianthus chinensis var. amurensis
• Dianthus chinensis var. ignescens
• Dianthus chinensis var. jingpoensis
• Dianthus chinensis var. liaotungensis
• Dianthus chinensis var. longisquama
• Dianthus chinensis f. heddewigii
• Dianthus chinensis f. imperialis
• Dianthus chinensis var. morii
• Dianthus chinensis var. sylvaticus
• Dianthus chinensis var. trinervis
• Dianthus chinensis var. versicolor
• Dianthus chinensis subsp. versicolor
• Dianthus fischeri
• Dianthus amurensis
• Dianthus pineticola
• Dianthus patens
• Dianthus schraderi
• Dianthus ruthenicus
• Dianthus laciniatus
• Dianthus morii
• Dianthus tataricus
• Dianthus umbellatus
• Dianthus versicolor
• Dianthus versicolor f. leucopetalus
• Dianthus versicolor var. ninelli
• Dianthus versicolor var. subulifolius
• Dianthus willdenowii

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Dianthus chinensis, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is categorized under the order Caryophyllales. Finally, it is classified under the family Caryophyllaceae and the genus Dianthus.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a widespread presence across various regions of the European continent. In Middle Europe, its range extends through the territories of Czechia and Slovakia. Moving toward Eastern Europe, it can be found throughout the Baltic States and the Crimean Peninsula. Its distribution also encompasses significant portions of the Russian landscape, specifically within Central European Russia. Finally, the species reaches further east into the expansive regions of East European Russia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Dianthus chinensis is characterized by a broad elevational distribution, ranging from sea level (0 m AMSL) up to a maximum altitude of 1000 m AMSL. This species exhibits significant adaptability to human-altered environments, frequently colonizing anthropogenic areas (Área Antrópica) such as gardens, disturbed soils, and urban landscapes. Its ability to thrive in these modified habitats suggests a high tolerance for varying degrees of human interference and a capacity to occupy ecological niches created by land development and cultivation.

Elevational range max:

1000 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

0 m AMSL

Habitat :

Área Antrópica

Life history

The life history of Dianthus chinensis is characterized by its versatile growth pattern, functioning as an annual, biennial, or perennial plant depending on environmental conditions and specific cultivar types. As a perennial species, it establishes a long-term presence in its habitat, often spreading via rhizomes to form dense mats or clumps over multiple growing seasons. The lifecycle begins with seed germination, followed by a vegetative stage where the plant develops its characteristic slender, grayish-green stems and lanceolate leaves. After reaching maturity, the plant enters a reproductive phase marked by the emergence of colorful, fragrant flowers, which serve to facilitate pollination and subsequent seed production. While it can complete its entire life cycle within a single season as an annual, its ability to persist through multiple years allows it to adapt to varying seasonal shifts, making its developmental trajectory highly variable across different ecological niches.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Dianthus chinensis is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb, specifically classified as a forb. This terrestrial plant, which functions independently as a non-parasitic organism, exhibits an ascending shoot orientation and is self-supporting rather than acting as a climber or vine. In terms of stature, the plant typically reaches a mean height of 0.4 m, with its height ranging from a minimum of 0.1 m to a maximum of 0.7 m.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Growth form :

forb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

0.7 m

Plant height mean:

0.4 m

Plant height min:

0.1 m

Shoot orientation :

ascending

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiology of Dianthus chinensis is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which dictates its carbon fixation processes and metabolic efficiency. The foliage is morphologically defined by a linear leaf form with entire margins, lacking any defensive structures such as thorns or spines. The leaves exhibit specific dimensional variations, with a mean length of 4 cm, ranging from a minimum of 3 cm to a maximum of 5 cm, while the width varies from a minimum of 0.2 cm to a maximum of 0.4 cm. These morphological dimensions contribute to a mean Specific Leaf Area (SLA) of 177.62 cm²/g, a physiological metric that reflects the plant's leaf density and its capacity for light interception and gas exchange relative to its biomass.

Leaf form :

linear

Leaf length max:

5 cm

Leaf length mean:

4 cm

Leaf length min:

3 cm

Leaf margin :

entire

Leaf spines :

no

Leaf thorns :

no

Leaf width max:

0.4 cm

Leaf width min:

0.2 cm

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Specific Leaf Area (SLA) mean:

177.62 cm²/g

Reproduction

The reproduction of Dianthus chinensis is characterized by specific phenological patterns and minute seed morphology. The flowering period is highly variable, though data indicates a significant presence during the month of August. Regarding its seed production, the plant yields exceptionally small seeds with a mean mass of approximately 0.001565 g. These seeds exhibit slight variations in weight, ranging from a minimum of 0.00113 g to a maximum of 0.002 g, which is typical for the prolific seed dispersal common to many species in the Caryophyllaceae family.

Flowering time :

Aug

Seed mass max:

0.002 g

Seed mass mean:

0.001565 g

Seed mass min:

0.00113 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Dianthus chinensis has 18 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Apigenin 7-O-glucoside, Chrysoeriol, Chrysoeriol 7-O-glucoside, Diosmetin, Flavonoids.

Apigenin 7-O-glucoside

1. Carbohydrate research

Chrysoeriol

1. Carbohydrate research

Chrysoeriol 7-O-glucoside

1. Dr. Duke

Diosmetin

1. Carbohydrate research

Flavonoids

1. Journal of separation science

Isoorientin 7-O-galactoside

1. Carbohydrate research

Isoorientin-7-O-rhamnosyl-galactoside

1. Carbohydrate research

Isoorientin-7-O-rutinoside

1. Carbohydrate research

Isoscoparin-7-O-galactoside

1. Carbohydrate research

Isoscoparin-7-O-rhamnosyl-galactoside

1. Carbohydrate research

Activities

Dianthus chinensis has 2 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Anticomplementary, Insectiphile.

Anticomplementary

1. Dr. Duke

Insectiphile

1. Dr. Duke

Preparations

Dianthus chinensis has 5 reported preparations identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include aqueous extract, Dianthus versicolor AE, aqueous (AE) extracts, flavonoid fraction, methanolic (ME) extracts.

Aqueous extract

1. Carbohydrate research
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Dianthus versicolor ae

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Aqueous (ae) extracts

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Flavonoid fraction

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Methanolic (me) extracts

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology