Dianthus caryophyllus
Carnation
Dianthus caryophyllus, commonly known as the carnation, is a cherished ornamental plant celebrated for its fragrant, ruffled blooms. Beyond its aesthetic beauty, this species holds significance in traditional herbalism. Rich in bioactive compounds, it is studied for its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties in various medicinal applications.
- Scientific name: Dianthus caryophyllus
- Family: Caryophyllaceae
- Native range: Europe
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. As a member of the subclass Magnoliidae, it falls under the order Caryophyllales and the family Caryophyllaceae. Ultimately, its specific taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Dianthus.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Caryophyllales | WCVP |
| Family | Caryophyllaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Dianthus | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, scientifically known as Dianthus caryophyllus, is recognized by various common names across different linguistic regions. In Min Nan, it is referred to as Chián-jiông-hoe, while in Chinese, it is widely known as 康乃馨 across several dialects and scripts, including Simplified Chinese (康乃馨), Traditional Chinese (康乃馨), Cantonese as used in Hong Kong (康乃馨), and the standard Mandarin used in Mainland China (康乃馨).| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| nan | Chián-jiông-hoe | Wikidata |
| zh-hans | 康乃馨 | Wikidata |
| zh-hant | 康乃馨 | Wikidata |
| zh-hk | 康乃馨 | Wikidata |
| zh-cn | 康乃馨 | Wikidata |
| zh-sg | 康乃馨 | Wikidata |
| zh-tw | 康乃馨 | Wikidata |
| jv | Anyelir | Wikidata |
| pl | Goździk ogrodowy | Wikidata |
| qu | Kapiqantu | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a diverse range of locations across the European continent. In Northern Europe, its presence can be observed within Great Britain. Moving into Middle Europe, the species is found in both Germany and the region of Czechia-Slovakia. The distribution extends further into Southwestern Europe, where it inhabits France. Finally, the plant is also documented growing in Spain.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | France | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Spain | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Albania | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Greece | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Romania | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | NW. Balkan Pen. | WCVP |
| Eastern Europe | East European Russia | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Dianthus caryophyllus, commonly known as the carnation, possesses several distinct morphological features that contribute to its overall structure. The plant is supported by slender, branching stems that provide the necessary framework for its growth. At the base, a network of roots anchors the plant into the soil to absorb essential nutrients and moisture. The foliage consists of narrow, lance-shaped leaves that emerge along the length of the stems. Most notably, the plant is celebrated for its vibrant, multi-petaled flowers, which emerge from delicate flower buds that develop at the tips of the stems.- Total parts
- 6
- Scientific sources
- 6
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| stems | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| roots | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaves | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flowers | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flower buds | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| essential oils | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Dianthus caryophyllus has 6 reported phytochemicals identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Kurarinone, eugenol, luteolin-4'-O-glucoside, methyl ferulate, rhein-8-O-glucoside.
- Total chemicals
- 6
- Scientific sources
- 6
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Kurarinone | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| eugenol | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| luteolin-4'-O-glucoside | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| methyl ferulate | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rhein-8-O-glucoside | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| thymol | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Dianthus caryophyllus has 3 reported activities identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antitumor.
- Total activities
- 3
- Scientific sources
- 4
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antitumor | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Dianthus caryophyllus has 1 reported medicinal uses identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include wounds.
- Total uses
- 1
- Scientific sources
- 1
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| wounds | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |