Thailand rosewood

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Rose Wood
• Siamese Rosewood
• Thailand Rosewood
• Tracwood

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Amerimnon fuscum
• Amerimnon cochinchinense
• Dalbergia cambodiana
• Amerimnon cambodianum
• Dalbergia fusca var. enneandra

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae within the phylum Streptophyta and is classified under the class Equisetopsida. As a member of the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Fabales, it is situated within the family Fabaceae. Specifically, its taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Dalbergia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant is primarily found within the diverse landscapes of the Indo-China region. Its natural habitat extends across several distinct countries, including Cambodia and Laos. Additionally, the species can be identified growing throughout the territories of Thailand. A significant portion of its geographical range is also located within Vietnam. Consequently, these four nations represent the core areas where this medicinal plant is distributed.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Dalbergia cochinchiensis is characterized by its status as a perennial species, allowing it to persist in its environment through multiple growing seasons. Throughout its existence, the plant maintains an evergreen habit, retaining its foliage year-round rather than shedding it seasonally. This combination of a long-lived lifecycle and constant leaf cover contributes to its steady development and ecological presence within its natural habitat.

Deciduousness :

evergreen

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Dalbergia cochinchiensis is characterized by a woody growth form, primarily manifesting as a tree. This species exhibits a significant vertical dimension, with an average plant height reaching approximately 25 m. Although some botanical classifications may reference liana or vine-like qualities, it is specifically identified as a self-supporting plant rather than an obligatory climber. In terms of its ecological positioning, the plant is strictly terrestrial, lacking any epiphytic characteristics such as being a holoepiphyte or hemiepiphyte.

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Plant height mean:

25 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Dalbergia cochinchiensis is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, utilizing the standard Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide during the light-independent reactions. As a member of the Fabaceae family, the plant functions as a nitrogen fixer, establishing symbiotic relationships with rhizobia to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a bioavailable form, which enhances its nutrient uptake and growth efficiency in nitrogen-poor soils. Furthermore, the structural physiology of its woody tissues is marked by a high stem specific density (SSD) with a mean value of 860 mg/cm³, reflecting a dense cellular arrangement and significant lignification within the xylem and secondary growth layers.

Nitrogen fixer :

yes

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Stem specific density (SSD) mean:

860 mg/cm³

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Dalbergia cochinchinensis has 1 reported plant parts identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include stem.

Stem

1. Phytochemistry
2. Journal of natural products

Chemicals

Dalbergia cochinchinensis has 18 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 2,2',5-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 4'-hydroxy-2'-methoxychalcone, 6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavan, 6-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) benzofuran, 7-Hydroxy-6-methoxyflavone.

2,2',5-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone

1. Phytochemistry

4'-hydroxy-2'-methoxychalcone

1. Journal of natural products

6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavan

1. Phytochemistry

6-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) benzofuran

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

7-Hydroxy-6-methoxyflavone

1. Phytochemistry

7-Hydroxyflavanone

1. Journal of natural products

9-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxydalbergiquinol

1. Phytochemistry

BUTYL ISOBUTYL PHTHALATE

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

DIBUTYL TEREPHTHALATE

1. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials

Dalbergin

1. Journal of natural products

Activities

Dalbergia cochinchinensis has 1 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antiandrogenic.

Antiandrogenic

1. Phytochemistry

Preparations

Dalbergia cochinchinensis has 1 reported preparations identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include stems.

Stems

1. Phytochemistry