Curculigo orchioides
Curculigo orchioides, commonly known as Black Curculigo, is a perennial herb valued in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Native to tropical Asia, its underground rhizomes possess potent bioactive properties. Frequently utilized to enhance vitality, support reproductive health, and alleviate inflammation, this medicinal plant remains a significant subject in ethnopharmacological research.
- Scientific name: Curculigo orchioides
- Family: Hypoxidaceae
- Native range: Asia-Temperate
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, specifically classified under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Asparagales, it is a member of the family Hypoxidaceae. It is further identified by its genus, Curculigo, and its specific species name, orchioides.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Asparagales | WCVP |
| Family | Hypoxidaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Curculigo | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Curculigo orchioides, is recognized by various common names across different languages and regions. In Malayalam, it is called നിലപ്പന, while in Chinese, it is referred to as 仙茅. In Telugu, the plant is known as నేలతాడి, and in Vietnamese, it is commonly called Sâm cau. Additionally, in Persian, it is identified as کرکلیگو ارچیویدس.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| ml | നിലപ്പന | Wikidata |
| zh | 仙茅 | Wikidata |
| te | నేలతాడి | Wikidata |
| vi | Sâm cau | Wikidata |
| fa | کرکلیگو ارچیویدس | Wikidata |
| kn | ಕರ್ಕ್ಯೂಲಿಗೊ | Wikidata |
| zh-tw | 仙茅 | Wikidata |
| ta | குறத்தி நிலப்பனை | Wikidata |
| zh-cn | 仙茅 | Wikidata |
| as | তালমূলি | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a specific geographical distribution concentrated primarily across several regions of East Asia. Within China, its presence is noted in both the South-Central and Southeast territories. The species also extends its range into Japan, specifically including the Nansei-shoto islands. Furthermore, its habitat encompasses the island of Taiwan. Collectively, these locations define the natural range of Curculigo orchioides across the eastern part of the continent.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| China | China South-Central | WCVP |
| China | China Southeast | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Japan | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Nansei-shoto | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Taiwan | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Assam | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Bangladesh | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | East Himalaya | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | India | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | Nepal | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Curculigo orchioides, possesses various morphological features that are utilized for its medicinal properties. The most significant part used in traditional medicine is the rhizome, which is often processed to extract bioactive compounds. In addition to the rhizome, the root system serves as a vital structural component of the plant's underground anatomy. Furthermore, the leaf structure is a distinguishing characteristic of its vegetative growth, contributing to the overall physiological health of the specimen.- Total parts
- 3
- Scientific sources
- 5
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| rhizome | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| root | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Leaf | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Curculigo orchioides has 8 reported phytochemicals identified across 13 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include curculigoside, saponins, Protocatechuic acid, flavonoids, orcinol glucoside.
- Total chemicals
- 8
- Scientific sources
- 13
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| curculigoside | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| saponins | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Protocatechuic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flavonoids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| orcinol glucoside | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| steroids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| tannins | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| vitamin C | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Curculigo orchioides has 13 reported activities identified across 25 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, Aphrodisiac, Antidepressant, Immunostimulant.
- Total activities
- 13
- Scientific sources
- 25
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Hepatoprotective | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Aphrodisiac | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antidepressant | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Immunostimulant | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Adaptogen | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidiabetic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antifatigue | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Curculigo orchioides has 25 reported medicinal uses identified across 32 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include antioxidant, antidepressant, aphrodisiac, inflammation, jaundice.
- Total uses
- 25
- Scientific sources
- 32
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| antioxidant | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| antidepressant | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aphrodisiac | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| inflammation | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| jaundice | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| osteoporosis | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Alzheimer's disease | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| HEP-G2 cells | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antidiabetic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| asthma | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |