Cosmos sulphureus
Cosmos sulphureus · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (2 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Cosmos sulphureus is a vibrant flowering plant that holds significant potential within the realm of ethnopharmacology. Recent scientific investigations have highlighted its impressive biological profile, specifically noting its potent antibacterial and antimalarial activities. These medicinal properties make the species a subject of interest for researchers seeking natural alternatives to combat infectious diseases. Studies have demonstrated that aqueous extracts of the plant are particularly effective in addressing the challenges posed by malaria. Consequently, exploring the therapeutic applications of this plant could provide valuable insights into new treatments for parasitic infections.
- Synonyms
- Cosmos Sulphureus Var. Exaristatus · Cosmos Sulphureus Var. Hirsuticaulis · 6 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Asteraceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Cosmos sulphureus is a versatile plant known by a wide variety of regional and descriptive names. In English-speaking areas, it is most frequently referred to simply as the common Cosmos. Depending on the linguistic context, it may also be called Cosmos azufrado or Cosmos sulfureux. Some enthusiasts recognize this vibrant species as the Cosmos de Klondike, highlighting its unique character. Additionally, in certain cultures, it is affectionately known as Cúc chuồn.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Cosmos sulphureus is a plant known by several different scientific names within botanical literature. It has been historically identified by synonyms such as Bidens sulphurea and Cosmea sulphurea. Furthermore, the species is linked to names like Cosmos artemisiifolius and Cosmos aurantiacus in various records. Some classifications even associate it with Coreopsis artemisiifolia, adding to its complex taxonomic history. Understanding these various synonyms is essential for accurately identifying this vibrant flowering species.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Cosmos sulphureus belongs to the vast biological kingdom Plantae. Within this kingdom, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. This vibrant species is further categorized into the order Asterales. It is a prominent member of the genus Cosmos, showcasing unique botanical characteristics. Finally, it is nested within the extensive family Asteraceae, connecting it to a diverse array of related flowering plants.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Asterales |
| Family | Asteraceae |
| Genus | Cosmos |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Cosmos sulphureus is widely distributed across the African continent, showcasing a significant presence in diverse ecological zones. In the northern reaches, it can be found throughout Northeast Tropical Africa, specifically within the borders of Ethiopia. Moving southward, the species establishes a robust presence across much of South Tropical Africa. This widespread distribution includes key territories such as Angola and Mozambique. Furthermore, the plant is commonly documented throughout the regions of Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Cosmos sulphureus is a charming herbaceous plant that adds vibrant color to any garden landscape. As a self-supporting species, it stands upright without the need for external stakes or trellises. Depending on the specific variety and growing conditions, the plant typically reaches a height of up to 1 meter. However, some robust specimens can grow even larger, reaching a maximum height of 2 meters.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Cosmos sulphureus stands out as a significant species within the Asteraceae family due to its diverse medicinal properties. Ethnobotanical research conducted in Brazil has identified this plant as a traditional treatment for malaria, marking its first formal recognition in such studies. Beyond its potential in combating parasitic infections, the plant is also noted for its broader antimicrobial capabilities. These documented activities suggest that Cosmos sulphureus possesses both antimalarial and antibacterial characteristics. Such findings underscore the importance of investigating ethnomedical knowledge to discover new therapeutic agents.
Compounds
Conditions
Cosmos sulphureus demonstrates significant antimicrobial potential by treating various bacterial pathogens including Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC29212). It also effectively treats Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) as part of its broad-spectrum activity. Furthermore, the plant provides treatment against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27853). Its therapeutic capabilities extend to addressing Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923) in clinical contexts. Ultimately, these properties allow Cosmos sulphureus to treat genito-urinary infection.
Preparations
Cosmos sulphureus is prepared as aqueous extracts to investigate its potential antimicrobial properties. These aqueous preparations are studied for their ability to inhibit various bacterial pathogens, such as those causing urinary tract infections. By utilizing this specific extraction method, researchers can determine the minimum inhibitory concentration against diverse bacterial strains. The efficacy of these aqueous extracts is compared against other species within the Asteraceae family. Such preparations serve as a primary focus for exploring the medicinal value of the plant.