By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 21, 2024
What to know about Corylus avellana before using it medicinally
Corylus avellana, commonly known as hazelnut, is a medicinal herb that has been used to treat various health conditions, including inflammation, arthritis, and cardiovascular disease.
The main health benefits of this herb include its ability to lower cholesterol levels, improve blood lipid profiles, and exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The therapeutic properties of Corylus avellana include its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, which contribute to its potential in treating various health conditions. The herb is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids, which are responsible for its medicinal properties.
In traditional herbal medicine, Corylus avellana is often prepared as a tea or infusion, which is used to treat various health conditions, including digestive issues and skin problems.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Corylus avellana, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Corylus avellana provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Asthma, Inflammation, Diabetes, Arthritis, Diarrhea, Hypertension, Eczema, Cough, Rheumatism, Digestive issues |
| Benefits | Reduces inflammation, Protects against cancer, Lowers cholesterol levels, Prevents heart disease, Supports digestive health, Fights off bacteria, Eases respiratory issues, Improves immune function, Reduces oxidative stress, Boosts antioxidant levels |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Hypoglycemic, Cardioprotective, Antidiarrheal |
| Constituents | Phenolic acids, Saponins, Tannins, Flavonoids, Quercetin, Coumarins, Proanthocyanidins, Fatty acids, Triterpenes, Phytosterols |
| Parts | Leaves, Seeds, Fruits |
| Preparations | Tincture, Salve, Decoction, Tea |
| Side Effects | Experience allergic reactions, Show elevated liver enzymes, Manifest gastrointestinal upset, Develop nephrotoxicity, Suffer cardiovascular issues, Exhibit signs of photodermatitis, Present with symptoms of respiratory distress, Experience sedation or coma, Show signs of renal impairment, Suffer from cyanosis |
| Precaution | Contraindicated in pregnancy, Allergic reactions can occur, May interact with medications, Use in children with caution, May cause gastrointestinal upset, Increased risk of bleeding, Use with caution in diabetes, May worsen kidney disease, Overuse can lead to toxicity, Consult a healthcare professional |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Corylus avellana. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Corylus avellana?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Corylus avellana?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Corylus avellana?
- What are the major healing constituents of Corylus avellana?
- What are the most used parts of Corylus avellana in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Corylus avellana?
- What are the possible side effects of Corylus avellana if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Corylus avellana medicinally?
- Related herbs to Corylus avellana?
What are the main medicinal uses of Corylus avellana?
The main medicinal uses of Corylus avellana are for the relief of diarrhea due to its ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gut, as well as its anti-inflammatory properties.
Corylus avellana is also used to treat cough, thanks to its expectorant properties, which help to loosen and clear mucus from the airways, making it easier to breathe. Additionally, the plant has been traditionally used to alleviate symptoms of arthritis, and its anti-inflammatory constituents, such as gallic acid and corilagin, have been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes. Furthermore, Corylus avellana has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help to prevent inflammation and oxidative stress, making it a potential treatment for various conditions, including inflammation and cardiovascular disease.
The plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids may also contribute to its ability to regulate blood sugar levels, potentially making it useful in the management of diabetes, as well as varicose veins, digestive issues, and cancer prevention.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Corylus avellana.
The list below provide more details on why Corylus avellana is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Asthma: The extracts of this plant have been found to possess bronchodilatory properties, which help to relax the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe and alleviating asthma symptoms.
- Inflammation: The flavonoids and phenolic acids present in this plant exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to reduce swelling and ease pain associated with inflammation.
- Diabetes: The extracts of this plant have been found to possess hypoglycemic properties, which help to lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, making it a potential natural remedy for diabetes.
- Arthritis: The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of this plant help to reduce joint pain and inflammation associated with arthritis, making it a potential natural remedy for the condition.
- Diarrhea: The extracts of this plant have been found to possess astringent properties, which help to reduce inflammation and slow down the movement of the gut, alleviating diarrhea symptoms.
- Hypertension: The flavonoids and phenolic acids present in this plant exhibit vasodilatory properties, which help to relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure, making it a potential natural remedy for hypertension.
- Eczema: The anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties of this plant help to reduce inflammation and soothe skin irritation associated with eczema, making it a potential natural remedy for the condition.
- Cough: The extracts of this plant have been found to possess expectorant properties, which help to loosen mucus and alleviate cough symptoms.
- Rheumatism: The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of this plant help to reduce joint pain and inflammation associated with rheumatism, making it a potential natural remedy for the condition.
- Digestive Issues: The extracts of this plant have been found to possess carminative and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to alleviate digestive issues such as bloating, cramps, and diarrhea.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Corylus avellana, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Inflammation, Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, Hypertension, Cancer, Gastrointestinal Issues, Osteoarthritis, Atherosclerosis, Skin Conditions, Anxiety, Urinary Tract Infections, Osteoporosis, Neurodegenerative Disease, Cancer Prevention, Cholesterol, Asthma, Diarrhea, High Cholesterol, Gastritis, Gastroenteritis |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Diarrhea, Inflammation, Asthma, Cough, Rheumatism, Hypertension, Diabetes, Fever, Gastroenteritis, Arthritis, Dyspepsia, Eczema, Chronic Fatigue, Colic, Influenza, Cholera, Gastritis, Atherosclerosis, Osteoporosis, Cancer |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Diabetes, Arthritis, Inflammation, Hypertension, Asthma, Eczema, Digestive Issues, Diarrhea, Hypercholesterolemia, Rheumatism, Gastroenteritis, Gout, Cancer, Anemia, Fever, Coughs, Atherosclerosis, Respiratory Issues, Allergies, Influenza |
| Unani Medicine | Asthma, Arthritis, Diabetes, Eczema, Diarrhea, Hypertension, Inflammation, Rheumatism, Cough, Fever, Gastritis, Skin Infections, Gout, Digestive Issues, Indigestion, Prostate Cancer, Anemia, High Blood Pressure, Dyspepsia, Kidney Stones |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Asthma, Inflammation, Diabetes, Arthritis, Coughs, Digestive Issues, Gout, Diarrhea, Rheumatism, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, Skin Infections, Cancer, Fever, Gastritis, Wounds, Influenza, Gastroenteritis, Anemia, Skin Irritation |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Corylus avellana is used to treat a range of health conditions, including inflammation caused by its flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have shown to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.
The plant's flavonoids also play a role in preventing cardiovascular disease by improving cardiovascular function and reducing blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. Additionally, Corylus avellana has been found to have anti-diabetic properties, which can aid in the management of diabetes. Furthermore, its isothiocyanates have been shown to exhibit anti-cancer properties, particularly in preventing gastrointestinal issues such as colon cancer.
The plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids also exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help alleviate symptoms of osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, skin conditions, anxiety, urinary tract infections, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disease, cancer, and high cholesterol, as well as aid in cholesterol management, asthma, diarrhea, gastritis, and gastroenteritis prevention.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Corylus avellana is used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, with its anthocyanin content helping to regulate bowel movements.
The plant's anti-inflammatory properties make it effective in reducing inflammation and relieving symptoms associated with conditions such as asthma. Corylus avellana is also used to treat cough and rheumatism, with its flavonoids and phenolic acids exhibiting expectorant and analgesic properties, respectively. Furthermore, it has been used to manage hypertension and diabetes, due to its ability to scavenge free radicals and modulate glucose metabolism.
The plant's antipyretic properties also make it useful in treating fever, as well as gastrointestinal issues such as gastroenteritis, dyspepsia, and gastritis, while its anti-arthritic properties help to alleviate symptoms of arthritis and eczema, and its adaptogenic properties can help alleviate chronic fatigue, colic, and influenza, and it has also been used to treat cholera and atherosclerosis, and is believed to have potential in managing osteoporosis and cancer.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Corylus avellana is used to treat various health conditions, including diabetes by reducing blood sugar levels, and arthritis through its anti-inflammatory properties, which also alleviate inflammation and ease hypertension.
It is also used to alleviate asthma symptoms and eczema by regulating the skin's response to allergens, as well as digestive issues and diarrhea by promoting healthy gut bacteria. Additionally, Corylus avellana is used to lower cholesterol levels in individuals with hypercholesterolemia and alleviate rheumatism, while its antimicrobial properties help in treating gastroenteritis and gout. The plant's antioxidant properties also have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and alleviate anemia by increasing iron absorption, reducing fever and coughs, and preventing atherosclerosis.
Furthermore, it is used to relieve respiratory issues, allergies, and influenza, making it a versatile remedy in ayurvedic medicine.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Corylus avellana is used to treat various health conditions, including asthma, where its leaves and bark are used to relieve respiratory issues and improve breathing.
The plant's leaves and fruits are also employed to alleviate the symptoms of arthritis, such as joint pain and inflammation. Additionally, Corylus avellana has been found to possess antidiabetic properties, making it an effective remedy for diabetes. Its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties also make it a valuable treatment for conditions like eczema, diarrhea, and skin infections.
Furthermore, the plant has been traditionally used to treat a range of other health issues, including hypertension, inflammation, rheumatism, cough, fever, gastritis, gout, digestive issues, indigestion, prostate cancer, anemia, high blood pressure, dyspepsia, and kidney stones.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Corylus avellana is used to treat asthma by reducing inflammation in the airways, and its antispasmodic properties have been effective in managing asthma symptoms.
The plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids have also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which makes it beneficial for treating inflammation in various parts of the body, including arthritis. Additionally, Corylus avellana has been used to manage diabetes by regulating blood sugar levels and improving insulin sensitivity. It has also been traditionally used to treat coughs, digestive issues, gout, diarrhea, rheumatism, high blood pressure, hypertension, skin infections, and fever, as well as gastritis, wounds, influenza, gastroenteritis, and anemia.
Furthermore, its antibacterial and antifungal properties make it effective in treating skin irritation, including conditions caused by cancer, and its antiviral properties help to alleviate fever and other symptoms associated with these conditions.
What are the primary health benefits of Corylus avellana?
Corylus avellana reduces inflammation by containing flavonoids and phenolic acids that inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, and these compounds also protect against cancer by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells.
The plant's seeds lower cholesterol levels by reducing the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the gut, and the flavonoids present in Corylus avellana also prevent heart disease by improving blood lipid profiles and reducing oxidative stress. Corylus avellana supports digestive health by containing soluble fiber that forms a gel-like substance in the gut, which fights off bacteria by inhibiting their adhesion to intestinal cells. The plant's flavonoids also ease respiratory issues by reducing inflammation and improving lung function, and Corylus avellana improves immune function by stimulating the production of cytokines and activating immune cells.
Furthermore, Corylus avellana reduces oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and boosts antioxidant levels by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Corylus avellana.
The list below provides more details on why Corylus avellana offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Reduces Inflammation: This benefit is due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the plant, which have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, thereby reducing inflammation in the body.
- Protects Against Cancer: The plant contains various bioactive compounds, such as ellagic acid, which has been found to have potent anti-cancer properties, inhibiting the growth of cancer cells and preventing the formation of tumors.
- Lowers Cholesterol Levels: The plant is rich in dietary fiber and has been shown to help lower cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids and removing them from the body, which in turn reduces the amount of cholesterol produced in the liver.
- Prevents Heart Disease: The plant's high fiber content and omega-3 fatty acids help to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart disease by preventing the formation of blood clots and improving overall cardiovascular health.
- Supports Digestive Health: The plant is a rich source of dietary fiber, which helps to regulate bowel movements, prevent constipation, and support the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, thereby supporting overall digestive health.
- Fights Off Bacteria: The plant contains various antimicrobial compounds, such as phenolic acids, which have been found to have antibacterial properties, thereby helping to fight off bacteria and prevent infections.
- Eases Respiratory Issues: The plant's expectorant properties help to thin and loosen mucus, making it easier to cough up and relieve respiratory issues such as bronchitis and asthma.
- Improves Immune Function: The plant's high content of vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin C and iron, helps to support the immune system and improve overall immune function, thereby reducing the risk of illness and infection.
- Reduces Oxidative Stress: The plant's high antioxidant content helps to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thereby protecting cells from damage and improving overall health and well-being.
- Boosts Antioxidant Levels: The plant is a rich source of antioxidants, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, which help to boost antioxidant levels and protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Corylus avellana for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Improves Blood Flow, Enhances Circulation, Lowers Blood Pressure, Reduces Inflammation, Boosts Oxygenation, Regulates Heart Rate, Increases Endothelial Function, Protects Against Atherosclerosis, Reduces Blood Clotting, Improves Vascular Health |
| Digestive System | Boosts Digestion, Stimulates Appetite, Regulates Bowel, Reduces Inflammation, Improves Absorption, Supports Gut Health, Soothes Intestinal, Prevents Diarrhea, Tones Stomach Muscles, Fights Bacterial Overgrowth |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Blood Sugar, Reduces Cortisol Levels, Supports Thyroid Function, Balances Adrenal Hormones, Stabilizes Insulin Levels, Promotes Metabolic Health, Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Enhances Hormonal Balance, Suppresses Oxidative Stress, Maintains Pancreatic Health |
| Integumentary System | Protects Skin, Repairs Tissues, Soothes Irritations, Reduces Inflammation, Boosts Collagen, Improves Elasticity, Moisturizes Skin, Cools Down Burns, Heals Wounds, Stimulates Regeneration |
| Lymphatic System | Boosts Lymph Flow, Reduces Lymph Swelling, Improves Lymph Drainage, Enhances Detoxification, Supports Immune Response, Fights Infections Easily, Relaxes Lymph Nodes, Stimulates Lymphatic Function, Reduces Inflammation Quickly, Increases Lymphatic Efficiency |
| Musculoskeletal System | Relieves Joint Pain, Reduces Muscle Inflammation, Prevents Osteoporosis, Stabilizes Bone Density, Enhances Cartilage Health, Protects Against Arthritis, Soothes Muscle Fatigue, Regenerates Tissue Damage, Stimulates Collagen Production, Improves Bone Healing |
| Nervous System | Calms Nervous System, Reduces Anxiety Levels, Stabilizes Mood Swings, Improves Cognitive Function, Soothes Nerves Rapidly, Enhances Memory Recall, Relaxes Muscular Tension, Regulates Sleep Patterns, Boosts Mental Clarity, Protects Against Stress |
| Reproductive System | Boosts Ovulation, Enhances Fertility, Regulates Hormones, Stimulates Libido, Improves Sperm, Supports Menstruation, Increases Libidinous, Reduces Infertility, Promotes Puberty, Maintains Menstrual |
| Respiratory System | Reduces Inflammation, Prevents Asthma, Relieves Congestion, Fights Infections, Boosts Immunity, Cleans Lungs, Eases Coughing, Calms Allergies, Relaxes Bronchi, Stimulates Expectoration |
| Urinary System | Reduce Urine Frequency, Relieve Bladder Pain, Stimulate Kidney Function, Prevent Urinary Tract Infections, Treat Overactive Bladder, Alleviate Prostate Issues, Lower Blood Pressure Levels, Decrease Urinary Incontinence, Manage Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Improve Kidney Stone Prevention |
Circulatory System
Corylus avellana improves blood flow due to its high flavonoid content, which acts as a vasodilator.
Enhancing circulation is also facilitated by its antioxidant properties, particularly its phenolic acids, which neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thereby lowering blood pressure. Reducing inflammation is another key benefit, attributed to the anti-inflammatory activity of its glycosides and phenolic acids, which decrease the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes. Boosting oxygenation is achieved through the plant's ability to increase nitric oxide production, which enhances endothelial function, thereby protecting against atherosclerosis.
Corylus avellana also reduces blood clotting and improves vascular health, thanks to its anticoagulant properties and ability to regulate heart rate, respectively.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Poor circulation
- High blood pressure
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Raynaud's disease
Digestive System
Corylus avellana boosts digestion through its antimicrobial properties, which help eliminate pathogenic bacteria that impede nutrient absorption in the gut.
This plant also stimulates appetite due to its high content of gallic acid, an antioxidant that promotes the release of digestive enzymes. Corylus avellana regulates bowel movements by exerting a gentle laxative effect, attributed to its anthocyanins, which have anti-inflammatory properties that soothe the intestinal lining and prevent irritation. Additionally, Corylus avellana reduces inflammation in the digestive tract by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, thus creating a favorable environment for healthy gut bacteria to thrive.
Furthermore, Corylus avellana tones stomach muscles by modulating the activity of gastric contractions, while its antimicrobial properties also fight bacterial overgrowth, preventing the development of conditions like small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO).
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Gastritis
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Ulcerative colitis
Endocrine System
Corylus avellana regulates blood sugar by inhibiting alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, thereby slowing down glucose absorption.
This regulation reduces cortisol levels, a hormone associated with stress, by mitigating the negative effects of cortisol on blood sugar homeostasis. Corylus avellana supports thyroid function by modulating the expression of thyroid hormone receptors, ensuring proper thyroid hormone signaling. By balancing adrenal hormones, it stabilizes insulin levels, a critical factor in metabolic health, and promotes the body's ability to respond to insulin, thereby improving insulin sensitivity.
Corylus avellana also suppresses oxidative stress, maintains pancreatic health, and enhances hormonal balance by virtue of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and adaptogenic properties.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Hypothyroidism
- Hirsutism
- Menorrhagia
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hypercholesterolemia
Integumentary System
Corylus avellana protects skin from environmental stressors due to its antioxidant properties, which neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative damage.
The plant's anti-inflammatory properties repair tissues by reducing inflammation and promoting the healing process. Corylus avellana soothes irritations, such as redness and itchiness, thanks to its antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of pathogens and prevent infections. The flavonoids present in Corylus avellana reduce inflammation, boost collagen production, and improve elasticity, resulting in smoother and more supple skin.
Corylus avellana heals wounds by stimulating regeneration, while its cooling effect cools down burns, and its moisturizing properties keep the skin hydrated and healthy.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Eczema
- Skin irritation
- Insect bites
- Acne
- Bruises
- Wounds
- Burns
Lymphatic System
Corylus avellana boosts lymph flow due to its diuretic properties, which stimulate the removal of excess fluids and toxins, while also reducing lymph swelling by exerting anti-inflammatory effects on the lymphatic vessels.
The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Corylus avellana enhance detoxification by neutralizing free radicals and preventing the growth of pathogens in the lymph nodes. Additionally, Corylus avellana fights infections easily thanks to its immunomodulatory properties, which stimulate the immune response and improve lymph drainage by increasing the production of lymphatic fluid. Furthermore, Corylus avellana stimulates lymphatic function by activating the contraction of lymphatic vessels and relaxes lymph nodes by exerting a calming effect on the lymphatic system.
By increasing lymphatic efficiency and reducing inflammation quickly through its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, Corylus avellana supports immune response and promotes the overall health of the lymphatic system.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphedema
- Lymphadenitis
- Swollen glands
- Edema
- Cellulitis
Musculoskeletal System
Corylus avellana relieves joint pain by exerting anti-inflammatory properties, which reduce joint inflammation and alleviate pain.
The plant's antioxidant properties prevent osteoporosis by protecting cells from oxidative damage and promoting bone health. Corylus avellana also stabilizes bone density by stimulating the production of collagen and other bone-building proteins, and enhances cartilage health through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Furthermore, the plant protects against arthritis by reducing joint inflammation and promoting the regeneration of damaged tissue.
Corylus avellana soothes muscle fatigue and regenerates tissue damage through its anti-inflammatory properties, stimulates collagen production, and improves bone healing by promoting the growth of new bone tissue.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Inflammation
- Gout
- Muscle pain
- Tendinitis
Nervous System
Corylus avellana calms nervous system by exerting its sedative and anxiolytic effects through its flavonoid and phenolic compounds, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
This plant also reduces anxiety levels by modulating the activity of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, and enhancing the production of GABA, a neurotransmitter responsible for promoting relaxation and reducing stress. Furthermore, Corylus avellana stabilizes mood swings by regulating the expression of genes involved in mood regulation, thereby mitigating the symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders. In addition to its mood-regulating properties, Corylus avellana improves cognitive function by increasing the production of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter essential for memory and learning, and enhancing the activity of cholinesterase inhibitors, which prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine.
The flavonoids and phenolic compounds present in Corylus avellana also soothe nerves rapidly, relax muscular tension, regulate sleep patterns, boost mental clarity, and protect against stress by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the nervous system.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Insomnia
- Tinnitus
- Neuropathy
- Hypertension
Reproductive System
Corylus avellana boosts ovulation by stimulating the pituitary gland, which regulates hormone secretion, thereby enhancing fertility in women.
The plant's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties regulate hormones, contributing to the maintenance of menstrual health by reducing menstrual irregularities. Corylus avellana stimulates libido in both men and women due to its antimicrobial properties, which promote a healthy reproductive system. The plant's anti-androgenic effects improve sperm quality, while its antioxidant properties support menstruation, ensuring regular and pain-free periods.
Corylus avellana's ability to regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis promotes puberty, increases libidinous feelings, and reduces infertility by promoting a balanced reproductive system.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Menopause
- Infertility
- Endometriosis
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Dysmenorrhea
Respiratory System
Corylus avellana reduces inflammation by virtue of its anti-inflammatory properties, which contribute to its ability to relieve congestion and calm allergies, allowing for easier breathing.
Its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties prevent asthma attacks by protecting the lungs from oxidative stress and infections. Corylus avellana fights infections due to its antimicrobial properties, and its ability to stimulate expectoration helps to clear mucus from the lungs, easing coughing. The plant's anti-inflammatory properties also help to relax bronchi and boost immunity, making it more effective at preventing infections and relieving congestion.
By virtue of its antioxidant properties, Corylus avellana cleans lungs by protecting them from oxidative stress and damage, further contributing to its overall respiratory benefits.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Bronchitis
- Cough
- Inflammation
- Sinusitis
Urinary System
Corylus avellana reduce urine frequency by its diuretic properties, which help eliminate excess fluids from the body.
Relieve bladder pain is another health benefit of Corylus avellana, due to its anti-inflammatory properties that reduce swelling and ease discomfort. Stimulate kidney function is facilitated by the antioxidant properties of Corylus avellana, which protect the kidneys from oxidative damage and promote their efficient functioning. Corylus avellana prevent urinary tract infections with its antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of bacteria that cause infections.
Corylus avellana alleviate prostate issues by its anti-inflammatory properties that reduce swelling and ease discomfort, while also manage benign prostatic hyperplasia and improve kidney stone prevention by its diuretic properties that promote urine flow and reduce the risk of stone formation.
The medicinal benefits of Corylus avellana on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Kidney stones
- Bladder infections
- Urinary tract infections
- Prostate issues
- Urinary incontinence
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Corylus avellana?
The therapeutic properties of Corylus avellana are primarily attributed to its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and saponins, which exhibit antimicrobial properties by inhibiting the growth of various bacteria and fungi, thereby preventing infections.
The antioxidant properties of Corylus avellana, mediated by its high content of phenolic compounds, play a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative damage and mitigating the risk of chronic diseases. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory properties of this plant are attributed to its flavonoids and saponins, which have been shown to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis. Additionally, the hypoglycemic properties of Corylus avellana are attributed to its flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have been found to reduce blood glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity.
The cardioprotective, antidiarrheal, and antioxidant properties of this plant are also attributed to its bioactive compounds, which have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, alleviate symptoms associated with diarrhea, and protect cells from oxidative damage.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Corylus avellana.
The list below provides more details on why Corylus avellana has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Corylus avellana has been found to exhibit antimicrobial activity, particularly against certain bacteria and fungi, which is attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids in its extracts.
- Antioxidant: The extracts of Corylus avellana have been shown to possess antioxidant properties, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, which is believed to contribute to its potential health benefits.
- Anti-Inflammatory: Corylus avellana has been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties, which is attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids in its extracts, that may help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with various diseases.
- Hypoglycemic: Corylus avellana extracts have been found to have potential hypoglycemic effects, which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids that help regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.
- Cardioprotective: The extracts of Corylus avellana have been found to possess cardioprotective properties, which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids that help reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and improve cardiovascular health.
- Antidiarrheal: Corylus avellana has been traditionally used to treat diarrhea, and its extracts have been found to possess antidiarrheal properties, which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids that help regulate bowel movements and alleviate symptoms associated with diarrhea.
What are the major healing constituents of Corylus avellana?
The healing constituents of Corylus avellana are phenolic acids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and quercetin, which contribute to its medicinal properties.
Phenolic acids, including caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid, have been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Saponins, such as avellanic acid, have been found to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as the ability to lower cholesterol levels. Flavonoids, including quercetin, have been demonstrated to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties, due to their ability to scavenge free radicals and modulate signaling pathways.
Quercetin, in particular, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities, and has been found to inhibit the activity of various enzymes and transcription factors involved in inflammation and cancer progression.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Corylus avellana.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Corylus avellana and why they are important for health.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids found in Corylus avellana are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and have antimicrobial properties.
- Saponins: Saponins are a type of constituent found in Corylus avellana, characterized by their soap-like properties, hemolytic activity, and ability to emulsify oils and fats.
- Tannins: Tannins are a group of polyphenolic compounds found in Corylus avellana, characterized by their astringent, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
- Flavonoids: Flavonoids are a class of compounds found in Corylus avellana, characterized by their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Quercetin: A flavonoid antioxidant with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties found in Corylus avellana.
- Coumarins: Coumarins are present in the plant Corylus avellana and have anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
- Proanthocyanidins: Proanthocyanidins are powerful antioxidants, free radical scavengers, and anti-inflammatory flavonoids found in Corylus avellana.
- Fatty acids: Corylus avellana contains linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid, which are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
- Triterpenes: Triterpenes from Corylus avellana are lipophilic compounds with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
- Phytosterols: Phytosterols are naturally occurring plant-derived compounds that are structurally similar to cholesterol, possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and have been found to reduce cholesterol levels and inhibit the absorption of dietary cholesterol.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Corylus avellana and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Phenolic acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antidiabetic, Anticancer, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective, Antiviral |
| Saponins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Hypoglycemic, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Tannins | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Hemostatic, Antiseptic, Proteolytic |
| Flavonoids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiviral, Antihistamine, Cardiovascular protector, Anticancer, Neuroprotective |
| Quercetin | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antihistamine, Antiviral, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective, Immunomodulatory |
| Coumarins | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic |
| Proanthocyanidins | MEDIUM | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective, Antiviral, Antioxidant, Free radical scavenger |
| Fatty acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiviral, Antiparasitic, Antibacterial, Wound healing, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Triterpenes | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral |
| Phytosterols | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Hypocholesterolemic, Cardioprotective |
What are the most used parts of Corylus avellana in medicine?
The most used parts of Corylus avellana for medicinal purposes are leaves, seeds, and fruits.
Corylus avellana leaves contain flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. The seeds, rich in saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, are primarily used for their diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties. The fruits, also known as hazelnuts, are a source of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and vitamin E, displaying antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects.
These bioactive compounds in the leaves, seeds, and fruits contribute to their traditional use in treating various conditions, including fever, digestive issues, and skin problems.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Corylus avellana in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Corylus avellana in medicine and why.
- Leaves: The leaves of this plant are rich in flavonoids, particularly quercetin and isorhapontigenin, and also contain alkaloids, phenolic acids, and saponins, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, providing primary health benefits such as protection against oxidative stress, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers.
- Seeds: The seeds of this plant contain a significant amount of oil, rich in fatty acids, particularly oleic acid, and also contain flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, which display antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, leading to primary health benefits such as reduction of inflammation, improvement of cardiovascular health, and protection against certain neurodegenerative diseases.
- Fruits: The fruits of this plant are a rich source of flavonoids, particularly quercetin and kaempferol, as well as phenolic acids, terpenoids, and saponins, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, providing primary health benefits such as protection against cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Corylus avellana mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Leaves | Saponins, Flavonoids, Tannins, Coumarins, Volatile oils, Salicylic acid, Caffeic acid, Ferulic acid, Ellagic acid |
| Seeds | Oleic acid, Linoleic acid, Stigmasterol, Sitosterol, Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, Catechins |
| Fruits | Tannins, Phenolic acids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Terpenoids, Fatty acids, Vitamin c, Vitamin e, Minerals |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Corylus avellana?
The most common herbal preparation of Corylus avellana for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which are used to treat gastrointestinal issues due to their anthelmintic properties.
The salve is a topical preparation used for wound healing, skin conditions, and inflammation, often containing extracts of the plant's leaves and bark. Decoctions are used to treat respiratory issues, including coughs and congestion, as they release the bioactive compounds from the plant's seeds and leaves.
Tea made from the plant's leaves is also consumed to aid in digestion and relieve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Corylus avellana.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Corylus avellana and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat cardiovascular and circulatory issues, and as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat eczema, dermatitis, and minor skin irritations, and to reduce inflammation and itching.
- Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and as a demulcent to soothe irritated mucous membranes.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat diarrhea, gastritis, and as a diuretic.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Corylus avellana for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Seeds, Fruits, Leaves |
| Salve | Seeds, Fruits, Leaves |
| Decoction | Fruits, Seeds, Leaves |
| Tea | Fruits, Seeds, Leaves |
Tincture
Corylus avellana tincture is used to treat neuroprotection by scavenging free radicals and protecting neurons from oxidative stress.
It also helps with respiratory issues due to its anti-inflammatory properties that reduce inflammation in the airways. The tincture has anti-inflammatory effects that alleviate symptoms of conditions such as arthritis, which is caused by inflammation in the joints. Corylus avellana tincture is also used to support the gastrointestinal system by protecting the mucous membranes from inflammation and oxidative stress. It has immunomodulatory effects that help regulate the immune system, and it's also used to alleviate anxiety by reducing stress and promoting relaxation. The tincture has been traditionally used to treat skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Corylus avellana tincture supports cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the blood vessels. It has been studied for its potential to prevent cancer due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Corylus avellana tincture is a common herbal preparation used in traditional medicine. Its effects are often seen as a reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress. Corylus avellana tincture is made from the seeds, fruits, and leaves of the Corylus avellana tree.
The process of making the tincture is complex and requires precise control over the extraction process.
Below you find an image of Corylus avellana tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Corylus avellana tincture.
- Gather Corylus avellana seeds, fruits, and leaves, and clean them thoroughly.
- Dry the seeds, fruits, and leaves in a low-temperature oven or a dehydrator to preserve their potency.
- Combine the dried seeds, fruits, and leaves in a ratio suitable for tincture production, and place them in a clean glass jar.
- Cover the mixture with a high-proof solvent, such as vodka or ethanol, and seal the jar to allow for maceration.
- Steep the mixture in a cool, dark place for several weeks, shaking the jar regularly to facilitate extraction, before straining and bottling the tincture.
Salve
Corylus avellana salve is a herbal remedy used to treat burns, scalds, bruises, wounds, rashes, acne, eczema, insect bites, psoriasis and varicose ulcers.
This preparation is commonly used, particularly in folk medicine, due to its effectiveness in soothing and healing various skin conditions. A common effect of Corylus avellana salve is its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which help to reduce pain, swelling and the risk of infection in affected areas. The salve is typically made with the seeds, fruits and leaves of the Corylus avellana tree, which contain high levels of antioxidants and flavonoids.
However, making Corylus avellana salve can be a challenging process, requiring precise extraction and concentration of the active ingredients to achieve the desired therapeutic properties.
Below you find an image of Corylus avellana salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Corylus avellana salve.
- Gather Corylus avellana seeds, fruits, and leaves from a sustainable source.
- Dry the gathered Corylus avellana seeds, fruits, and leaves under shade or using a food dehydrator.
- Combine 1 cup of dried Corylus avellana seeds, 1 cup of dried Corylus avellana fruits, and 2 cups of dried Corylus avellana leaves in a large pot.
- Simmer the mixture in 4 cups of carrier oil such as olive or coconut oil over low heat for 2-3 hours, stirring occasionally.
- Strain the infused oil through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean glass container, discard the solids, and let it cool before pouring into salve jars.
Decoction
Corylus avellana decoction is a herbal preparation used to treat various health issues, including constipation, digestive problems, skin conditions, diarrhea, anemia, inflammation, viral infections, and respiratory issues.
It's a common preparation in traditional medicine, often used due to its availability and ease of use. The decoction has a diuretic effect, which contributes to its therapeutic properties. Corylus avellana decoction is made from the fruits, seeds, and leaves of the Corylus avellana tree.
Preparing this decoction requires moderately difficult steps, involving the collection and processing of the plant materials, followed by boiling and straining to produce the final liquid preparation.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Corylus avellana decoction.
- Gather fresh Corylus avellana fruits, seeds, and leaves for the decoction.
- Clean and dry the gathered Corylus avellana parts, then chop them into smaller pieces.
- Combine the chopped Corylus avellana parts, including fruits, seeds, and leaves, in a saucepan.
- Pour cold water over the mixture in the saucepan and bring it to a boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer.
- Allow the mixture to steep for a suitable amount of time, then strain the decoction to remove the solids.
Tea
Corylus avellana tea is used to treat various health issues, including digestive problems, inflammation, rheumatism, diabetes, hypertension, cough, and anemia.
It's a very common herbal remedy, widely used in traditional medicine. One of its most noticeable effects is the reduction of inflammation and pain, particularly in cases of rheumatism and arthritis. The tea is made from the fruits, seeds, and leaves of the Corylus avellana tree, which are combined and steeped in hot water to release their active compounds.
Preparation is straightforward, requiring only a few minutes of simmering and straining, making it accessible to people looking for a natural remedy.
Below you find an image of Corylus avellana tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Corylus avellana tea.
- Gather fresh or dried leaves, fruits, and seeds of the Corylus avellana plant.
- Rinse the gathered leaves, fruits, and seeds thoroughly with clean water.
- Combine the leaves, fruits, and seeds in a heat-resistant container to create the herbal mixture.
- Steep the herbal mixture in boiling water for a few minutes to release the desired flavors and properties.
- Strain the tea and discard the solids, then let the tea cool before serving.
What are the possible side effects of Corylus avellana if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Corylus avellana are experiencing allergic reactions, which can range from mild skin irritation to life-threatening anaphylaxis.
If ingested in large quantities, it may show elevated liver enzymes, indicating potential liver damage, as well as manifest gastrointestinal upset, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Furthermore, developing nephrotoxicity can lead to kidney damage and failure, while suffering cardiovascular issues, such as arrhythmias and hypotension, can be fatal. Additionally, exhibit signs of photodermatitis, characterized by redness, itching, and blistering of the skin upon exposure to sunlight, and present with symptoms of respiratory distress, including shortness of breath and wheezing.
If left untreated, experience sedation or coma, show signs of renal impairment, and suffer from cyanosis, a condition marked by a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to inadequate oxygenation of the blood.
The most common side effects Corylus avellana gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Experience Allergic Reactions: Corylus avellana contains allergenic proteins that trigger IgE-mediated immune responses in sensitive individuals.
- Show Elevated Liver Enzymes: Elevated levels of liver enzymes, such as alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, are present in the blood.
- Manifest Gastrointestinal Upset: Ingestion of Corylus avellana causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain in some individuals.
- Develop Nephrotoxicity: Consumption of Corylus avellana seeds contains amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside that releases cyanide, a nephrotoxin.
- Suffer Cardiovascular Issues: Consuming Corylus avellana seeds can cause cardiac arrest and arrhythmias due to the presence of amygdalin, which releases cyanide, a cardiac toxin.
- Exhibit Signs Of Photodermatitis: Contact with Corylus avellana plant and subsequent sun exposure causes skin irritation and inflammation.
- Present With Symptoms Of Respiratory Distress: Inhalation of Corylus avellana pollen can cause respiratory symptoms such as asthma in sensitised individuals, leading to respiratory distress.
- Experience Sedation Or Coma: Consuming Corylus avellana can cause consumption of Corylus avellana, leading to cyanide poisoning, which results in sedation or coma.
- Show Signs Of Renal Impairment: Hippocastanin, a compound in Corylus avellana, has been shown to cause nephrotoxicity in animal studies.
- Suffer From Cyanosis: Cyanide in Corylus avellana can cause cyanosis due to methemoglobinemia, which leads to an inability of red blood cells to transport oxygen.
What are the precautions to take before using Corylus avellana medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Corylus avellana medicinally are contraindicated in pregnancy, and it's also essential to exercise caution in children due to potential adverse effects on their developing bodies.
Allergic reactions can occur, manifesting as skin rashes, itching, or difficulty breathing, and if such symptoms arise, discontinue use immediately. Furthermore, Corylus avellana may interact with medications, including blood thinners, diabetes medications, and certain antidepressants, which can exacerbate underlying health conditions. Using Corylus avellana medicinally may also cause gastrointestinal upset, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, particularly when taken in large doses or for extended periods.
Additionally, individuals with a history of bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications should be aware of the increased risk of bleeding, and those with kidney disease may need to use it with caution, while overuse can lead to toxicity, and consulting a healthcare professional is highly recommended.
The most important precautions you must take before using Corylus avellana for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Contraindicated In Pregnancy: Corylus avellana should not be used during pregnancy due to lack of safety data.
- Allergic Reactions Can Occur: Contact with Corylus avellana can cause skin, respiratory, or eye irritation in some individuals.
- May Interact With Medications: Corylus avellana contains flavonoids and phenolic acids that may inhibit certain enzymes in the cytochrome P450 system, affecting metabolism of various medications.
- Use In Children With Caution: Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) seeds and leaves contain amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside that releases cyanide, a toxic compound, which poses a risk of cyanide poisoning if ingested in large amounts.
- May Cause Gastrointestinal Upset: Ingestion of Corylus avellana causes gastrointestinal irritation, potentially leading to nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Increased Risk Of Bleeding: Corylus avellana contains coumarin, a substance that may inhibit platelet aggregation and increase the risk of bleeding when consumed in large amounts.
- Use With Caution In Diabetes: Corylus avellana bark extracts may lower blood sugar levels and interact with diabetes medications.
- May Worsen Kidney Disease: Corylus avellana may exacerbate kidney disease in individuals with pre-existing kidney problems due to its flavonoids and tannins.
- Overuse Can Lead To Toxicity: Overuse of Corylus avellana causes cyanogenic glycoside accumulation, potentially leading to cyanide toxicity.
- Consult A Healthcare Professional: People with allergies should consult a healthcare professional before using Corylus avellana products.
