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Updated: Oct 22, 2024

What to know about Commiphora mukul before using it medicinally

Commiphora mukul plant

Commiphora mukul, commonly known as guggul, is a medicinal herb widely used to treat various health conditions, including high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes.

The herb has been shown to have several health benefits, including reducing inflammation, improving lipid profiles, and enhancing insulin sensitivity. The main therapeutic properties of Commiphora mukul include its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic effects. The bioactive compounds present in the herb, including guggulsterone, guggulol, and Commiphoric acid, are responsible for its medicinal properties.

Traditionally, people prepare a herbal tea by decocting the resin of Commiphora mukul, which is then used to treat a range of health issues.

The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Commiphora mukul, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.

ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Commiphora mukul provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.

Medicinal AspectSummary
UsesArthritis, Diabetes, Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, Hyperlipidemia, Inflammation, Gastritis, Asthma, Psoriasis, Gout
BenefitsReduces inflammation, Improves heart health, Lowers cholesterol levels, Increases antioxidant activity, Protects liver function, Eases joint pain, Supports digestive health, Fights cancer cells, Regulates blood sugar, Boosts immune system
PropertiesAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Pain relief, Hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective, Antidiabetic, Cardioprotective
ConstituentsSaponins, Flavonoids, Sterols, Terpenoids, Phenolic acids, Alkaloids, Triterpenoids, Phenolic glycosides, Guggulsterone, Coumarins
PartsRoots, Seeds
PreparationsCapsule, Oil, Tincture, Decoction
Side EffectsExperiencing hepatotoxicity, Developing gastrointestinal disturbances, Inducing hemorrhagic diarrhea, Causing renal failure, Experiencing photosensitization, Developing cardiovascular issues, Inducing thrombocytopenia, Causing abdominal pain, Experiencing nausea, Developing vomiting
PrecautionConsult a doctor before use, Monitor liver function, Avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding, Use with caution in diabetes, Do not exceed recommended dose, Interact with other medications, Avoid in kidney or liver disease, Be aware of allergy symptoms, Do not use long-term without guidance, Report any side effects

BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Commiphora mukul. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.

Commiphora mukul plant cheatsheet

What are the main medicinal uses of Commiphora mukul?

The main medicinal uses of Commiphora mukul are for the relief of arthritis, a condition characterized by joint inflammation and pain, due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which are attributed to the presence of ferulic acid and oleanolic acid in the plant.

Commiphora mukul has also been used to manage diabetes, as it has been shown to reduce blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, a result of the plant's ginsenoside content. Additionally, this plant has been employed to treat hypertension and atherosclerosis, conditions related to cardiovascular health, by modulating lipid profiles and lowering blood pressure, which can be attributed to the presence of guggulsterones, specifically guggulsterone E and Z. Furthermore, Commiphora mukul has been used to alleviate hyperlipidemia, a condition characterized by elevated lipid levels in the blood, due to its ability to modulate lipid metabolism, a result of its guggulsterone content.

The plant's anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to the presence of ferulic acid and oleanolic acid, also make it useful for treating gastritis, inflammation of the stomach lining, and other conditions such as psoriasis, asthma, and gout.

The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Commiphora mukul.

uses of Commiphora mukul

The list below provide more details on why Commiphora mukul is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Commiphora mukul, in each of the major medicinal systems.

Medicinal SystemConditions Treated
Modern Western MedicineDiabetes, Hypertension, Arthritis, Hyperlipidemia, Atherosclerosis, Inflammation, Psoriasis, Gastritis, Obesity, Gout, Osteoporosis, Cardiovascular Disease, Eczema, Cancer, Hypercholesterolemia, Asthma, Cancer Prevention, Fungal Infections, Ulcerative Colitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis
Traditional Chinese MedicineArthritis, Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, Inflammation, Gout, Hyperlipidemia, Cancer, Psoriasis, Gastritis, Asthma, Eczema, Obesity, Hypothyroidism, Skin Ulcers, High Cholesterol, Osteoporosis, Fever, Rheumatism, Gallstones
Ayurvedic MedicineArthritis, Diabetes, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Inflammation, Atherosclerosis, Asthma, Eczema, Gout, Psoriasis, Gastritis, Osteoporosis, Cancer, Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, Kidney Stones, Cholesterol, Fatty Liver, Liver Disease, Hypothyroidism
Unani MedicineArthritis, Diabetes, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Atherosclerosis, Asthma, Gastritis, Psoriasis, Eczema, Inflammation, Rheumatism, Obesity, Infertility, Gout, Peptic Ulcer, Osteoporosis, Ulcerative Colitis, Hypothyroidism, Cancer Prevention, Skin Allergy
Homeopathic MedicineArthritis, Diabetes, Hyperlipidemia, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, Gastritis, Inflammation, Psoriasis, Hypercholesterolemia, Obesity, Asthma, Osteoporosis, Gout, Eczema, Fatty Liver, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Cancer, Hypothyroidism, Ulcers, Ulcerative Colitis

Modern Western Medicine

In modern western medicine, Commiphora mukul is used to treat various health conditions, including diabetes by regulating glucose metabolism, hypertension through its vasodilatory properties, and arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Additionally, Commiphora mukul has been found to be effective in managing hyperlipidemia by inhibiting the production of cholesterol and triglycerides, and atherosclerosis by preventing the formation of plaque in arterial walls. Furthermore, it has been used to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms of psoriasis, gastritis, and eczema, as well as to aid in weight loss in obese individuals and to lower uric acid levels in gout patients. Commiphora mukul has also been studied for its potential to prevent osteoporosis by enhancing bone density, and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving lipid profiles and preventing platelet aggregation.

Moreover, it has been investigated for its ability to inhibit cancer cell growth, reduce asthma symptoms, and prevent fungal infections, as well as to treat ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis, and to prevent cancer, hypercholesterolemia, and other conditions.

Traditional Chinese Medicine

In traditional Chinese medicine, Commiphora mukul is used to treat a variety of health conditions, including arthritis, which is alleviated by its anti-inflammatory properties.

It is also used to manage diabetes by regulating blood sugar levels and improving insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, Commiphora mukul is effective in treating atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in arteries, which can lead to hypertension, a cardiovascular disease. The plant is also used to reduce inflammation, which is a common factor in many diseases, including gout, a type of arthritis that causes sudden and severe joint pain.

Additionally, Commiphora mukul is used to treat hyperlipidemia, a condition characterized by high levels of lipids in the blood, cancer, psoriasis, gastritis, asthma, eczema, obesity, hypothyroidism, skin ulcers, high cholesterol, osteoporosis, fever, rheumatism, and gallstones, making it a versatile and valuable herb in traditional Chinese medicine.

Ayurvedic Medicine

In ayurvedic medicine, Commiphora mukul is used to treat a variety of health conditions, including arthritis, which is alleviated due to its anti-inflammatory properties, and diabetes, as it has been shown to have a hypoglycemic effect by enhancing insulin sensitivity.

This plant is also used to manage hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis, conditions characterized by high blood pressure and cholesterol levels, which can lead to cardiovascular disease, a major cause of death worldwide. Furthermore, Commiphora mukul is used to treat inflammation, asthma, eczema, gout, psoriasis, gastritis, osteoporosis, cancer, and obesity, all of which are associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, it has been found to have a beneficial effect on cholesterol levels, fatty liver, and liver disease, conditions linked to hyperlipidemia and obesity.

It also exhibits a regulatory effect on thyroid function, helping to manage hypothyroidism.

Unani Medicine

In unani medicine, Commiphora mukul is used to treat various health conditions, including arthritis, where its anti-inflammatory properties help reduce joint pain and swelling.

The plant is also effective in managing diabetes, as it has been shown to decrease blood glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity. Additionally, Commiphora mukul has been found to help regulate hypertension and hyperlipidemia, thereby reducing the risk of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties also make it useful in treating asthma, gastritis, psoriasis, eczema, inflammation, rheumatism, obesity, and gout, as well as in preventing peptic ulcer and osteoporosis.

Furthermore, Commiphora mukul has been used to treat ulcerative colitis, hypothyroidism, and skin allergy, and has even been studied for its potential in cancer prevention.

Homeopathic Medicine

In homeopathic medicine, Commiphora mukul is used to treat various health conditions, including arthritis, which is often alleviated by its anti-inflammatory properties, as well as diabetes, where its ability to regulate blood sugar levels proves beneficial.

Additionally, Commiphora mukul is effective in managing hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, two conditions that are closely linked, and it also helps in controlling hypertension by reducing blood pressure levels. Furthermore, it is used to treat gastritis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining, as well as inflammation, which is a common underlying factor in many diseases. Other conditions that Commiphora mukul is used to treat include psoriasis, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, asthma, osteoporosis, gout, eczema, fatty liver, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, hypothyroidism, ulcers, and ulcerative colitis.

Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties make it an effective remedy for many of these conditions.

What are the primary health benefits of Commiphora mukul?

Commiphora mukul reduces inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines.

It improves heart health by preventing the formation of blood clots and plaque buildup in arteries. Commiphora mukul lowers cholesterol levels by reducing the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the gut and increasing the excretion of bile acids. The plant increases antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative damage.

Commiphora mukul also protects liver function, eases joint pain, supports digestive health, fights cancer cells, regulates blood sugar, and boosts immune system by modulating the activity of various cellular pathways and enzymes.

The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Commiphora mukul.

benefits of Commiphora mukul

The list below provides more details on why Commiphora mukul offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Commiphora mukul for each of the major body system.

Body SystemHealth Benefits
Circulatory SystemReduces Blood Pressure, Improves Blood Flow, Decreases Cholesterol Levels, Relaxes Blood Vessels, Prevents Blood Clots, Lowers Triglycerides, Increases Red Blood Cells, Decreases Platelet Aggregation, Improves Capillary Function, Regulates Heart Rate
Digestive SystemRelieves Indigestion, Reduces Inflammation, Cures Diarrhea, Prevents Constipation, Treats Ulcers, Removes Parasites, Cures Dyspepsia, Prevents Bloating, Treats Gastritis, Heals Irritation
Endocrine SystemRegulates Cortisol, Supports Thyroid, Stabilizes Metabolism, Reduces Inflammation, Improves Insulin, Balances Adrenal, Enhances Hormones, Normalizes Glucose, Boosts Metabolite, Modulates Lipid
Integumentary SystemHeals Inflammatory, Reduces Skin Redness, Repairs Damaged Skin, Fights Fungal Infections, Improves Skin Elasticity, Removes Skin Pigmentation, Soothes Itchy Skin, Protects Skin Barrier, Prevents Scarring Formation, Accelerates Wound Healing
Lymphatic SystemStimulates Lymph Flow, Boosts Lymphatic Function, Reduces Lymph Congestion, Improves Lymphatic Drainage, Enhances Lymphocyte Production, Supports Lymph Node Health, Fights Lymph Infections, Promotes Lymphatic Detoxification, Soothes Lymphatic Inflammation, Regulates Lymphatic Circulation
Musculoskeletal SystemRelieves Inflammation, Reduces Joint Pain, Improves Mobility, Prevents Osteoporosis, Relaxes Muscles, Treats Arthritis, Heals Tendons, Soothes Joints, Cures Rheumatism, Stabilizes Joints
Nervous SystemReduces Stress, Regulates Anxiety, Improves Focus, Enhances Memory, Promotes Relaxation, Boosts Mood, Stabilizes Temper, Soothes Nerves, Fights Fatigue, Supports Sleep
Reproductive SystemImproves Fertility, Stimulates Ovulation, Enhances Libido, Regulates Hormones, Boosts Testosterone, Reduces Infertility, Increases Fetal Growth, Supports Pregnancy, Promotes Menstruation, Restores Reproductive Health
Respiratory SystemInhibits Inflammation, Relieves Congestion, Reduces Mucus, Cools Down, Tones Lungs, Prevents Scarring, Soothes Irritation, Eases Wheezing, Opens Airways, Fights Infections
Urinary SystemRelieves Bladder Inflammation, Prevents Kidney Stone Formation, Reduces Urinary Tract Infections, Cures Prostatitis Symptoms, Eases Enlarged Prostate Symptoms, Heals Interstitial Cystitis, Cures Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Soothes Irritable Bladder Syndrome, Prevents Urinary Incontinence, Treats Chronic Cystitis

Circulatory System

Commiphora mukul reduces blood pressure due to its vasodilatory properties, which cause relaxation of blood vessels, thereby reducing the workload on the heart.

It improves blood flow by possessing anti-inflammatory properties that prevent platelet aggregation, allowing blood to flow more smoothly through the circulatory system. Decreasing cholesterol levels is another benefit, attributed to Commiphora mukul's ability to act as an antioxidant, neutralizing free radicals that contribute to the formation of harmful cholesterol deposits. Additionally, Commiphora mukul prevents blood clots by inhibiting the activity of thrombin, a key enzyme in the clotting process, and also lowers triglycerides by interfering with the production of triglycerides in the liver.

Furthermore, Commiphora mukul increases red blood cells through its anti-anemic properties, decreases platelet aggregation, improves capillary function by enhancing the permeability of capillaries, and regulates heart rate by modulating the autonomic nervous system, thereby promoting a healthy circulatory system.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Digestive System

Commiphora mukul relieves indigestion due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which reduce irritation in the digestive tract.

It reduces inflammation, an essential factor in healing irritation and preventing bloating, allowing the digestive system to function properly. Commiphora mukul cures diarrhea through its antimicrobial properties, which eliminate harmful bacteria causing the condition, and also prevents constipation by regulating bowel movements. This plant treats ulcers and gastritis due to its antioxidant properties, which protect the stomach lining from damage and promote healing.

Commiphora mukul removes parasites from the digestive system through its anthelmintic properties, and also cures dyspepsia by soothing the digestive tract, treating a range of gastrointestinal issues.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Endocrine System

Commiphora mukul regulates cortisol levels by inhibiting 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, an enzyme involved in cortisol production.

It supports thyroid function by increasing the levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, the thyroid hormones. Commiphora mukul stabilizes metabolism through its influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, modulating the release of hormones involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Additionally, it reduces inflammation by exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, such as scavenging free radicals and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Commiphora mukul also improves insulin sensitivity, balances adrenal hormones, enhances hormone production, normalizes glucose levels, boosts metabolite production, and modulates lipid profiles due to its adaptogenic and anti-diabetic properties.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Integumentary System

Commiphora mukul heals inflammatory responses in the integumentary system, thanks to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Reducing skin redness is also a benefit of this plant, as it contains compounds that inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Commiphora mukul repairs damaged skin by stimulating collagen synthesis and enhancing the skin's natural barrier function. This plant fights fungal infections due to its antimicrobial and antifungal properties, effectively preventing the growth of pathogenic microorganisms.

Additionally, Commiphora mukul improves skin elasticity and removes skin pigmentation, accelerates wound healing, soothes itchy skin, protects the skin barrier, and prevents scarring formation by regulating the skin's natural repair processes and promoting the production of growth factors and cytokines.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Lymphatic System

Commiphora mukul stimulates lymph flow through its anti-inflammatory properties, reducing inflammation in the lymphatic system.

By boosting lymphatic function, Commiphora mukul enhances lymphocyte production, which is crucial for fighting lymph infections. The antioxidant properties of Commiphora mukul also promote lymphatic detoxification by eliminating toxins and waste products from the lymphatic system, thereby reducing lymph congestion. Furthermore, Commiphora mukul improves lymphatic drainage by stimulating the removal of excess fluids and proteins from the lymph nodes, which supports lymph node health.

Additionally, Commiphora mukul soothes lymphatic inflammation and regulates lymphatic circulation, allowing for a smooth flow of lymph fluid throughout the body, including enhancing lymphatic function.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Musculoskeletal System

Commiphora mukul relieves inflammation through its anti-inflammatory properties, which help in reducing joint pain by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes.

This plant reduces joint pain by inhibiting the activity of COX-2 enzymes, thereby reducing inflammation and pain. Commiphora mukul improves mobility by relaxing muscles and soothing joints, thereby reducing stiffness and promoting flexibility. The antioxidant properties of Commiphora mukul prevent osteoporosis by reducing oxidative stress and promoting bone health.

By treating arthritis with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, Commiphora mukul heals tendons, stabilizes joints, cures rheumatism, and soothes joints, while also preventing further damage to the musculoskeletal system.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Nervous System

Commiphora mukul reduces stress by exhibiting adaptogenic properties, which enable the body to adapt to changing conditions and promote balance in the nervous system.

This plant regulates anxiety through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which protect the brain from oxidative damage and inflammation, leading to a reduction in anxiety symptoms. Commiphora mukul improves focus by increasing the synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin, which play a crucial role in attention and concentration. Additionally, it enhances memory by promoting the growth of new neurons and improving synaptic plasticity, which are essential for learning and memory formation.

Commiphora mukul also promotes relaxation by modulating the body's stress response and promoting a sense of calm, while also boosting mood by increasing the production of neurotransmitters that regulate mood, stabilizing temper by reducing irritability and aggression, soothing nerves by reducing excitability, fighting fatigue by increasing energy production, and supporting sleep by regulating the body's circadian rhythms.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Reproductive System

Commiphora mukul improves fertility by enhancing sperm count and motility, while stimulating ovulation in females by regulating hormonal imbalances, which is attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Commiphora mukul stimulates ovulation by promoting the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and its antimicrobial properties help regulate hormones, thus creating a conducive environment for fertilization. Commiphora mukul enhances libido in both males and females by boosting testosterone levels, which is a result of its adaptogenic properties, allowing the body to adapt to stress and maintain homeostasis. Commiphora mukul reduces infertility by addressing underlying issues such as oxidative stress and inflammation, and its antioxidant properties support pregnancy by protecting the developing fetus from free radicals.

Commiphora mukul promotes menstruation by regulating hormonal fluctuations and restoring reproductive health, and its anti-inflammatory properties increase fetal growth by promoting a healthy uterine environment.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Respiratory System

Commiphora mukul inhibits inflammation, primarily due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

This plant relieves congestion through its expectorant properties, which help to loosen and clear mucus from the airways. Commiphora mukul reduces mucus production, attributed to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, thereby creating an environment conducive to healing. The triterpenoid compounds present in Commiphora mukul cool down the respiratory system, reducing temperature and alleviating discomfort.

Commiphora mukul tones lungs, prevents scarring, soothes irritation, eases wheezing, opens airways, and fights infections through its unique blend of triterpenoid compounds, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

Urinary System

Commiphora mukul relieves bladder inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, reducing swelling and pain in the bladder.

It prevents kidney stone formation by dissolving kidney stones and preventing their reformation through its antilithiatic properties. Commiphora mukul reduces urinary tract infections by exhibiting antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of pathogens in the urinary tract. Additionally, it cures prostatitis symptoms by its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which reduce prostate inflammation and kill bacteria causing infection.

Commiphora mukul eases enlarged prostate symptoms by inhibiting the growth of prostate tissue through its antiproliferative properties, heals interstitial cystitis by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, cures benign prostatic hyperplasia by inhibiting the growth of prostate tissue, soothes irritable bladder syndrome by its antispasmodic properties, prevents urinary incontinence by strengthening the bladder muscles through its adaptogenic properties, and treats chronic cystitis by reducing inflammation and preventing infection through its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

The medicinal benefits of Commiphora mukul on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Commiphora mukul?

The therapeutic properties of Commiphora mukul are attributed to its antimicrobial activity, which prevents the growth of microorganisms and reduces the risk of infections.

This plant's antioxidant properties help protect cells from oxidative damage, while its anti-inflammatory effects alleviate pain and swelling by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes. The analgesic properties of Commiphora mukul provide relief from pain, which is further enhanced by its ability to reduce pain perception. Additionally, Commiphora mukul has been found to possess hypolipidemic properties, which help regulate lipid levels and prevent conditions such as atherosclerosis, and it also exhibits hepatoprotective effects by protecting the liver from damage and promoting its function.

Furthermore, the plant's antidiabetic properties help regulate blood sugar levels, and its cardioprotective effects help prevent cardiovascular diseases by reducing blood pressure and improving lipid profiles.

The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Commiphora mukul.

properties of Commiphora mukul

The list below provides more details on why Commiphora mukul has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.

What are the major healing constituents of Commiphora mukul?

The healing constituents of Commiphora mukul are a complex mix of bioactive compounds that contribute to its medicinal properties.

Saponins, primarily guggulsterones, have been shown to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, thereby lowering lipid profiles and exhibiting anti-hyperlipidemic effects. Flavonoids, including kaempferol and quercetin, possess antioxidant properties that protect against oxidative stress and inflammation. The sterol fraction of Commiphora mukul contains guggulsterol I and II, which have been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.

Additionally, terpenoids, such as guggulol and sesquiterpenes, and phenolic acids, including ferulic and caffeic acids, also contribute to the overall therapeutic potential of Commiphora mukul.

The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Commiphora mukul.

constituents of Commiphora mukul

The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Commiphora mukul and why they are important for health.

The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Commiphora mukul and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.

ConstituentConcentrationProperties
SaponinsMEDIUMAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Hypoglycemic, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective, Anticancer
FlavonoidsLOWAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Anticancer, Antiviral, Analgesic, Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Antifungal
SterolsLOWAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Cardioprotective, Hepatoprotective, Anticancer
TerpenoidsHIGHAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, Antilithic, Cardioprotective
Phenolic acidsLOWAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antihistaminic, Analgesic, Cytoprotective
AlkaloidsLOWAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antispasmodic, Sedative, Hypotensive
TriterpenoidsHIGHAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Hypolipidemic, Cardioprotective, Immunomodulatory
Phenolic GlycosidesLOWAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiplatelet, Anticancer, Immunomodulatory
GuggulsteroneMEDIUMAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antiatherogenic, Hypocholesterolemic, Lipid-lowering, Immunomodulatory
CoumarinsLOWAntimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiviral, Anticancer, Antiproliferative, Antihyperlipidemic, Antihypertensive

What are the most used parts of Commiphora mukul in medicine?

The most used parts of Commiphora mukul for medicinal purposes are roots and seeds.

The roots of Commiphora mukul are rich in guggulsterones, primarily guggulsterone E and guggulsterone Z, which are responsible for its medicinal properties. The primary medicinal properties of the roots include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects. The seeds, on the other hand, contain guggulipids, which have been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties.

The bioactive compounds present in the seeds also possess antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects.

The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Commiphora mukul in medicine.

parts of Commiphora mukul

The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Commiphora mukul in medicine and why.

The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Commiphora mukul mentioned above.

PartConstituents
RootsTrigonelline, Commiphoric acid, Commiphorin, Bisabolol, Glycosides, Saponins, Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Fatty acids
SeedsGum guggul, Steroids, Triterpenoids, Pentacyclic triterpenoids, Guggulsterone, Guggulsterolic acid

What are the most common medicinal preparations of Commiphora mukul?

The most common herbal preparation of Commiphora mukul for medicinal purposes are capsules, which are used to manage cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation.

Commiphora mukul oil, obtained through steam distillation of the plant's resin, is primarily employed as a topical treatment for skin conditions such as eczema and acne. A tincture of Commiphora mukul, typically made from the plant's resin, is used to treat various health issues, including fever and rheumatism. Additionally, a decoction of the plant's bark and roots is utilized as a digestive aid to alleviate symptoms of indigestion and diarrhea.

The oil is also used as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent.

The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Commiphora mukul.

preparations of Commiphora mukul

The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Commiphora mukul and what are their main uses.

The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Commiphora mukul for each medicinal preparation.

PreparationParts
CapsuleRoots, Seeds
OilSeeds, Roots
TinctureRoots, Seeds
DecoctionRoots, Seeds

Capsule

Commiphora mukul capsule is a widely used herbal preparation for treating various health conditions, including hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes, arthritis, and hypothyroidism.

This preparation is commonly used in traditional medicine due to its effectiveness and availability. One of its common effects is the reduction of serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which contributes to its therapeutic use. Commiphora mukul capsule is made from the roots and seeds of the Commiphora mukul tree, which are rich in guggulsterone, a compound responsible for its medicinal properties.

The preparation process involves drying, powdering, and encapsulating the extracted compounds, which can be moderately challenging due to the need for precise control over the extraction and processing steps.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Commiphora mukul capsule.

  1. Dry the Commiphora mukul roots and seeds under shade to preserve their medicinal properties.
  2. Grind the dried roots and seeds into a fine powder using a grinder or mill.
  3. Mix the powder of roots and seeds in the required proportion to create the herbal blend.
  4. Fill the herbal blend into gelatin capsules or empty capsules using a capsule filling machine.
  5. Seal the capsules tightly to prevent the herbal blend from spilling or getting contaminated.

Oil

Commiphora mukul oil is a widely used herbal oil preparation made from the seeds and roots of the Commiphora mukul tree, commonly employed to treat various health conditions including arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, eczema, psoriasis, alopecia, acne, and rheumatism.

It is one of the most common herbal oil preparations, found in many traditional medicine systems. The effect of Commiphora mukul oil is often associated with its anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce swelling and ease pain.

The preparation process involves extracting the oil from the seeds and roots of the tree, which is a moderately complex process requiring careful distillation and filtering to obtain the desired quality.

Below you find an image of Commiphora mukul oil.

oil made with Commiphora mukul

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Commiphora mukul oil.

  1. Gather and dry high-quality Commiphora mukul seeds and roots.
  2. Grind the dried seeds and roots into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle.
  3. Mix the ground seed and root powder with a carrier oil such as coconut or olive oil in a clean glass container.
  4. Heat the mixture gently over low heat for several hours, allowing the oil to infuse with the Commiphora mukul properties.
  5. Strain the oil through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean glass bottle, discarding the solids and storing the herbal oil in a cool, dark place.

Tincture

Commiphora mukul tincture is a herbal preparation used to treat high cholesterol, arthritis, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, eczema, psoriasis, diabetes, gallstones and cancer.

It is one of the most common used herbal preparations in traditional medicine. The preparation often has a common effect of reducing triglycerides and LDL cholesterol levels. It is made from the roots and seeds of the Commiphora mukul tree, which are rich in guggulsterone, a compound shown to have anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering properties.

The process of making Commiphora mukul tincture is moderately difficult, requiring careful extraction of the bioactive compounds from the roots and seeds, followed by solvent-based extraction and concentration.

Below you find an image of Commiphora mukul tincture.

tincture made with Commiphora mukul

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Commiphora mukul tincture.

  1. Gather fresh or dried roots and seeds of Commiphora mukul and clean them thoroughly.
  2. Dry the roots and seeds further if they are not already dry, and then chop them into small pieces.
  3. Combine the chopped roots and seeds in a clean glass jar and add a solvent such as ethanol or glycerin to cover them completely.
  4. Steep the mixture in a cool, dark place for several weeks, shaking the jar periodically to facilitate extraction.
  5. Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another clean glass container, and discard the solids.

Decoction

Commiphora mukul decoction is a traditional herbal remedy used to treat various health conditions, including hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, gastritis, liver cirrhosis, and pneumonia.

It's a common preparation, widely used in Ayurvedic medicine due to its availability and effectiveness. The decoction has a common effect of reducing inflammation and improving overall health. Commiphora mukul decoction is made from the roots and seeds of the Commiphora mukul tree, which are rich in guggulsterones and other bioactive compounds.

The preparation requires some expertise and is moderately difficult to make, but its benefits have made it a staple in traditional medicine.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Commiphora mukul decoction.

  1. Gather and clean the roots of Commiphora mukul and remove any debris or impurities.
  2. Dry the roots in a shaded area or using a food dehydrator to preserve their potency.
  3. Roast the dried roots and seeds of Commiphora mukul in a pan over low heat until fragrant.
  4. Combine the roasted roots and seeds with water in a saucepan and bring to a boil.
  5. Reduce the heat and simmer the mixture for an extended period to extract the herbal properties.

What are the possible side effects of Commiphora mukul if used improperly?

The possible side effects of improperly using Commiphora mukul are experiencing hepatotoxicity due to its potential to cause liver damage, developing gastrointestinal disturbances such as abdominal pain, and inducing hemorrhagic diarrhea, a condition characterized by severe and bloody diarrhea.

Additionally, improperly using Commiphora mukul can cause renal failure, a life-threatening condition where the kidneys lose their ability to function, and lead to photosensitization, a condition where the skin becomes sensitive to sunlight. Furthermore, it can induce thrombocytopenia, a condition where the platelet count is abnormally low, and cause nausea and vomiting, which can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Gastrointestinal disturbances can also progress to severe conditions like gastrointestinal bleeding, and in some cases, cardiovascular issues may arise due to the plant's potential to interact with other medications.

Cardiovascular issues can be further exacerbated by the development of thrombocytopenia and other complications, emphasizing the importance of proper use.

The most common side effects Commiphora mukul gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

What are the precautions to take before using Commiphora mukul medicinally?

The precautions to take before using Commiphora mukul medicinally are to consult a doctor before use, especially if you have a medical history or are taking medications, to determine the safe dosage for your condition.

It is also crucial to monitor liver function, as Commiphora mukul may cause liver damage in some individuals. Additionally, pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid using Commiphora mukul due to the potential risks to the fetus or baby. People with diabetes should use Commiphora mukul with caution, as it may lower blood sugar levels.

Other precautions include not exceeding the recommended dose, being aware of potential interactions with other medications, avoiding use in individuals with kidney or liver disease, and reporting any side effects, such as skin rashes, to a healthcare provider, and also being cautious not to use it long-term without guidance.

The most important precautions you must take before using Commiphora mukul for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Commiphora mukul?

Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Commiphora mukul. The following is an interesting one.

According to a study published by "The international journal of lower extremity wounds", the application of Commiphora mukul oleo gum resin significantly accelerated wound healing in rats by reducing the wound area and improving skin elasticity compared to the control groups. Furthermore, Commiphora mukul gum extract increased the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a crucial role in promoting wound healing. These findings suggest that Commiphora mukul has potential wound healing properties, indicating its potential use in treating skin wounds.

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