Clerodendrum indicum
Clerodendrum indicum · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (2 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Clerodendrum indicum is a versatile medicinal plant recognized for its significant therapeutic potential in various biological applications. Research focusing on its root, bark, and specialized dichloromethane and methanolic extracts has revealed potent anticancer and antipyretic activities. These pharmacological effects are largely attributed to key bioactive chemicals such as acteoside, apigenin 7-glucoside, hispidulin, and lupeol. Furthermore, the plant demonstrates a notable ability to influence physiological conditions, particularly regarding the regulation of lipid peroxidation. Consequently, studying this species offers promising insights into the development of new natural therapeutic agents.
- Synonyms
- Clerodendrum Longicolle · Clerodendrum Siphonanthus Var. Angustifolium · 4 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Lamiaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Root
Classification
Common Names
Clerodendrum indicum is a fascinating plant that is recognized by a diverse array of local and international names. In certain regions, it is affectionately known by the common name Indinis šventmedis. It also carries the distinct title of Rangga Dipa, reflecting its unique cultural significance. Many enthusiasts and botanists more frequently refer to the species as Turk's Turban. Whether spelled as Turk's turbin or Turk's-turban, these various monikers all point to this singular, remarkable plant.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Clerodendrum indicum is a botanical subject frequently identified by a variety of different scientific names. Within various taxonomical records, this plant is recognized by synonyms such as Clerodendrum longicolle and Clerodendrum mite. It is also closely associated with the nomenclature of Clerodendrum siphonanthus var. angustifolium. Researchers may further encounter this species documented under the names Ovieda mitis or Siphonanthus angustifolius. Understanding these overlapping designations is essential for accurate identification in botanical studies.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Clerodendrum indicum belongs to the diverse kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological realm, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. This specific plant is a member of the order Lamiales, which helps define its structural characteristics. It further falls under the family Lamiaceae, connecting it to many well-known aromatic herbs. Ultimately, its identity is secured by its placement within the genus Clerodendrum.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Lamiaceae |
| Genus | Clerodendrum |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Clerodendrum indicum exhibits a widespread geographical presence across various regions of the Asian continent. Its distribution spans temperate zones in China, specifically throughout the South-Central and Southeast provinces. Moving into tropical climates, the species is also prominently found within the Indian Subcontinent. This includes significant populations in Assam, Bangladesh, and the East Himalaya region. Such a diverse range highlights the plant's adaptability to both temperate and tropical environments.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Clerodendrum indicum is a self-supporting plant that typically adopts a shrub-like growth form. It maintains a compact presence in the landscape, reaching a maximum height of only 1 meter. This modest stature makes it an ideal choice for smaller garden spaces or as a structural accent.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Clerodendrum indicum is a significant medicinal plant that has long been utilized in traditional herbal formulas as an antipyretic to reduce fever. Recent scientific investigations into its root extracts have revealed promising pharmacological potential beyond its traditional uses. Specifically, research has identified various triterpenoids and flavonoids within the plant that exhibit notable cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines. These findings suggest that Clerodendrum indicum possesses meaningful anticancer properties that warrant much closer examination. Consequently, the plant represents a valuable subject for further in-depth study in the development of new therapeutic agents.
Compounds
Clerodendrum indicum is a medicinal plant known to contain several bioactive compounds within its roots. Research has identified that it contains triterpenoids such as lupeol, taraxerol, and oleanolic acid 3-acetate. In addition to these, the plant contains the flavonoid pectolinarigenin. The presence of the widely distributed steroid stigmasterol has also been noted in its chemical profile. These specific constituents demonstrate varying degrees of cytotoxic activity, suggesting significant potential for future anticancer studies.
Conditions
Clerodendrum indicum demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity by treating both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The plant's extracts have shown specific cytotoxic effects when treating the SW620 cell line. These biological properties contribute to the overall anticancer activity reported for the species. Additionally, Clerodendrum indicum serves as a potent agent to treat lipid peroxidation, particularly through its bark extract.
Preparations
Clerodendrum indicum is prepared as bark, which has been identified as a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in biological membranes. This plant is also prepared as dichloromethane extracts that demonstrate active cytotoxic properties against the SW620 cell line. Furthermore, Clerodendrum indicum is prepared as methanolic extracts used in ethnopharmacological screenings. These various preparations, including the bark and different solvent extracts, are studied for their significant medicinal potential. Through these different forms, the plant shows promise in treating inflammatory diseases and combating bacterial infections.
Parts used
Clerodendrum indicum is a medicinal plant that holds significant value due to the bioactive properties found within its roots. Recent research into these root extracts has revealed a variety of chemical constituents, including triterpenoids and flavonoids, that exhibit notable cytotoxicity. Specifically, compounds such as oleanolic acid 3-acetate and betulinic acid have demonstrated moderate to strong inhibitory effects against several human cancer cell lines. The presence of these active compounds in the plant's root system highlights its traditional use in herbal formulas as an antipyretic. Ultimately, these findings suggest that the roots of Clerodendrum indicum may serve as a promising foundation for developing new anticancer agents.