glory-flower

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• glory-flower

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Clerodendrum fragrans var. foetidum
• Volkameria bungei

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. Following the subclass Magnoliidae, it is further organized into the order Lamiales and the family Lamiaceae. Finally, its taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Clerodendrum, specifically the species Clerodendrum bungei.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical distribution spanning across several distinct regions. In Northern Europe, its presence can be documented within Great Britain. Moving toward the Mediterranean, it is also found throughout Southwestern Europe, specifically in Spain. Within Asia, the species is widely distributed across various parts of China. Its range in this country includes China South-Central, Hainan, and China North-Central.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Clerodendrum bungei is characterized by its ability to thrive within anthropogenic areas (Área Antrópica), where it often colonizes disturbed landscapes shaped by human activity. This plant demonstrates significant adaptability to modified environments, frequently appearing in urban or peri-urban settings, roadsides, gardens, and agricultural fringes where natural vegetation has been replaced or fragmented. Its presence in these human-impacted habitats suggests a resilient ecological strategy, allowing it to exploit the specific microclimates, soil disturbances, and nutrient shifts common to man-made terrains. By establishing itself in these anthropized zones, Clerodendrum bungei utilizes the ecological niches provided by human encroachment, often functioning as a pioneer or opportunistic species in disturbed soil profiles.

Habitat :

Área Antrópica

Life history

The life history of Clerodendrum bungei is characterized by a perennial lifecycle, allowing the plant to persist through multiple growing seasons. In terms of its structural growth habit and life form, it is classified as a phanerophyte, indicating that its elevating shoots bear buds well above the ground level. Additionally, it exhibits characteristics consistent with a nanophanerophyte, reflecting its specific stature and growth strategy within its ecological niche.

Life form :

nanophanerophyte

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Clerodendrum bungei is characterized by a woody growth form, primarily manifesting as a shrub. It is a self-supporting plant that does not function as an obligate climber or a vine, nor does it exhibit epiphytic behavior, remaining strictly terrestrial in its habitat. The plant is independent in its nutritional requirements, showing no parasitic tendencies. In terms of stature, it maintains a modest height, typically ranging from a minimum of 1 meter to a maximum of 1.5 meters. While its ecological niche can span aquatic, semiaquatic, and terrestrial environments, its physical structure is defined by its robust, woody stems and its ability to stand upright without external support.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

shrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

1.5 m

Plant height min:

1 m

Woodiness :

woody

Reproduction

The reproduction of Clerodendrum bungei is characterized by a specific flowering window and consistent seed production metrics. The plant typically begins its flowering period in August and concludes in September, though the timing can be variable across different cycles. Regarding its reproductive output, the species produces seeds with a highly uniform mass; both the mean, minimum, and maximum seed mass are recorded at 0.07198 g, indicating a very consistent weight for its progeny.

Flowering time :

Aug

Flowering time :

Sep

Seed mass mean:

0.07198 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Clerodendrum bungei has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root.

Root

1. Journal of natural products

Chemicals

Clerodendrum bungei has 16 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltricyclo[6.2.1.0(1,6)]undec-4-en-3-one, 5-O-Ethylcleroindicin D, BETA-SITOSTEROL, Bungein A, Clerodenoside A.

2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltricyclo[6.2.1.0(1,6)]undec-4-en-3-one

1. Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

5-O-Ethylcleroindicin D

1. Journal of Asian natural products research

BETA-SITOSTEROL

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Bungein A

1. Journal of Asian natural products research

Clerodenoside A

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Glycosmisic Acid

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Hexylitaconic Acid

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Linalool

1. Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Myristicin

1. Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Neroplomacrol

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Preparations

Clerodendrum bungei has 2 reported preparations identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include 95% aqueous EtOH extract, acetone-soluble extract.

95% aqueous etoh extract

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Acetone-soluble extract

1. Journal of natural products