Cissus adnata
Cissus adnata · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Cissus adnata is a botanical species notable for its diverse array of bioactive secondary metabolites. The plant contains significant concentrations of chemical compounds, including cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, gums, and saponins. Scientific investigations often focus on the medicinal potential of its roots to harness these complex properties. Researchers commonly utilize ethanolic and methanol extracts of the dried rootbark to study its pharmacological effects. Understanding these chemical profiles is essential for exploring the plant's therapeutic applications in modern medicine.
- Synonyms
- Vitis Vitiginea Var. Adnata · Vitis Adnata · 2 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Vitaceae
- Distribution
- Asia-Tropical
- Plant Parts
- Root
Classification
Common Names
Cissus adnata is a versatile climbing plant known by several distinct names across different regions. In certain areas, it is affectionately referred to as the Endeavour River-vine. It is also frequently identified by its descriptive common name, the heart-leaf-grape, due to its unique foliage. In Chinese-speaking communities, the species is recognized by the name 紅毛粉藤. These various names highlight the plant's widespread presence and diverse cultural recognition.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Cissus adnata is a botanical species that is frequently identified by several different taxonomic names. Due to historical classifications, it is widely recognized by the synonyms Cissus compressa and Vitis adnata. Furthermore, researchers may encounter this plant listed under the name Vitis compressa in older botanical texts. It is also documented in scientific literature as Vitis vitiginea var. adnata. Navigating these varying synonyms is essential for ensuring accurate identification within the genus.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Cissus adnata is a fascinating specimen that belongs to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast botanical realm, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. This plant is further organized into the order Vitales, showcasing its specific evolutionary lineage. It falls under the genus Cissus, which defines its closely related botanical relatives. Ultimately, its taxonomic placement is completed within the family Vitaceae.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Vitales |
| Family | Vitaceae |
| Genus | Cissus |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Cissus adnata is a versatile plant with an expansive geographic range stretching across several continents. It is widely distributed throughout Africa, including Madagascar and the Western Indian Ocean. The species also finds a foothold in Asia-Temperate regions, specifically within South-Central China. Moving into tropical climates, it thrives across the Indian Subcontinent, spanning from Assam to Bangladesh. Finally, its presence extends into the East Himalaya, showcasing its ability to adapt to diverse Asian landscapes.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Cissus adnata is a versatile plant characterized by its distinctive shrub growth form. This species possesses an obligatory climbing habit, allowing it to ascend towards sunlight with ease. Depending on the environmental conditions, its stature can vary significantly across different landscapes. While some specimens may only reach a minimum height of 0.5 meters, others typically reach a maximum of 8 meters. In certain ideal habitats, the plant is even capable of exceeding a height of 10 meters.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Cissus adnata is a significant medicinal plant belonging to the Vitaceae family that possesses a diverse range of bioactive compounds. Phytochemical screening of its methanolic extract reveals the presence of essential constituents such as phenols and flavonoids. Additionally, the plant contains cardiac glycosides which contribute to its complex chemical profile. The presence of gum further characterizes the unique composition of this species. Ultimately, these various phytochemical elements are believed to drive the plant's observed anxiolytic and hypoglycemic activities.
Conditions
Cissus adnata is not mentioned in the provided abstracts as a plant that treats the trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma evansi. Instead, the research focuses on the antitrypanosomal activities of various medicinal plants collected from Myanmar. The studies specifically highlight that the methanol extract of Vitis repens dried rootbark demonstrated the highest antitrypanosomal activity against these parasites. Furthermore, isolated compounds from Vitis repens, such as resveratrol, 11-O-acetyl bergenin, and stigmast-4-en-3-one, also showed significant inhibitory effects. Other plants like Brucea javanica, Vitex arborea, Eucalyptus globulus, and Jatropha podagrica were also noted for their remarkable activity.
Preparations
Cissus adnata is prepared as an ethanolic extract. Additionally, Cissus adnata is prepared as a methanol extract of dried rootbark. These specific preparation methods are utilized for the plant species. Both types of extracts are identified as distinct processing techniques. This concludes the description of how Cissus adnata is prepared.
Parts used
Cissus adnata is a medicinal plant that is recognized for its specific therapeutic utility through the use of its root. While the provided research highlights the diverse pharmacological potential of various Myanmar specimens, it underscores the importance of identifying which plant parts yield the most potent extracts. For many species, including those being screened for antitrypanosomal activity, the chemical composition of the root can be vital for treating parasitic infections. Understanding these specific relationships is essential for developing effective chemotherapeutic options against diseases like African trypanosomiasis. Consequently, focusing on the specialized properties of the root in plants like Cissus adnata contributes to the broader goal of discovering new bioactive compounds.