Cirsium maackii

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Cirsium maackii var. koraiense
• Cirsium maackii f. koraiense
• Cirsium litorale var. ussuriense
• Cirsium asperum
• Cnicus japonicus var. maackii
• Cirsium japonicum var. spinossimum
• Cnicus maackii var. koraiensis
• Cirsium maackii f. albiflorum
• Cirsium japonicum subsp. maackii
• Cirsium maackii var. spinossimum
• Cnicus maackii
• Cirsium japonicum var. maackii
• Cirsium japonicum var. amurense
• Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae within the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. Classified under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Asterales, it is a member of the Asteraceae family. Its taxonomic identity is further defined by its placement within the genus Cirsium.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad geographical distribution across several key regions in East Asia. Within the Russian Far East, its presence is documented in both Khabarovsk and Primorye. In China, the species can be found spreading through the territories of Inner Mongolia and Manchuria. Furthermore, its range extends into the Korean Peninsula within Eastern Asia. Collectively, these locations highlight the specific regional habitats where this medicinal plant thrives.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Cirsium maackii is characterized by its adaptability to diverse landscapes, frequently occupying habitats such as forests, meadows, mountains, and old fields, with a preference for dry conditions. This species demonstrates a broad altitudinal distribution, thriving at elevations ranging from a minimum of 140 m AMSL to a maximum of 1100 m AMSL. Across its various ecological niches, the plant maintains a mean elevation of approximately 620 m AMSL, reflecting its ability to colonize both lowland environments and higher montane regions.

Elevational range max:

1100 m AMSL

Elevational range mean:

620 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

140 m AMSL

Habitat :

forest, meadows: dry, mountains, old fields

Life history

The life history of Cirsium maackii is characterized by its classification as a perennial, allowing the plant to persist through multiple growing seasons. As a perennial species, it avoids the complete mortality associated with annuals or the single-reproductive cycle of biennials, instead focusing on long-term survival and repeated reproductive efforts. This life cycle enables the plant to establish a robust presence within its ecological niche, utilizing its stored energy to endure seasonal fluctuations and facilitate continuous growth and flowering over several years.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Cirsium maackii is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb and forb. It is a self-supporting plant that does not exhibit climbing habits. In terms of stature, the plant displays a variable height, typically ranging from a minimum of 0.4 m to a maximum of 1.5 m, with an average plant height of approximately 0.95 m.

Climber :

self-supporting

Growth form :

herb

Plant height max:

1.5 m

Plant height mean:

0.95 m

Plant height min:

0.4 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Reproduction

The reproduction of Cirsium maackii is characterized by a specific flowering season and the development of small, uniform fruits. The flowering period typically commences in July and concludes in August, though the timing can be variable. Following pollination, the plant produces fruits that exhibit highly consistent dimensions; the fruit length is constant at a mean, minimum, and maximum of 0.4 cm. Similarly, the fruit width remains uniform throughout its development, maintaining a consistent measurement of 0.18 cm for its minimum, mean, and maximum values.

Flowering time :

Jul

Flowering time :

Aug

Fruit length max:

0.4 cm

Fruit width max:

0.18 cm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Cirsium maackii has 2 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Cirsimaritin, Pectolinarin.

Cirsimaritin

1. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters

Pectolinarin

1. Food & function

Activities

Cirsium maackii has 2 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antidiabetic, Neuroprotective.

Antidiabetic

1. Genomics & informatics

Neuroprotective

1. Food & function

Preparations

Cirsium maackii has 3 reported preparations identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include C. japonicum extract, ethanol extract, extract/fractions.

C. japonicum extract

1. Food & function

Ethanol extract

1. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters

Extract/fractions

1. Food & function