By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 22, 2024
What to know about Cinnamomum camphora before using it medicinally
Cinnamomum camphora, commonly known as camphor tree, is a medicinal herb that has been traditionally used to treat a range of health conditions, including bronchitis, asthma, and rheumatism.
The herb has several main health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and analgesic properties, which help to reduce pain and inflammation, prevent infections, and promote healing. The main therapeutic properties of Cinnamomum camphora include its ability to relax muscles, reduce anxiety and stress, and improve respiratory function. The herb is rich in bioactive compounds such as camphor, borneol, and bornyl acetate, which are responsible for its medicinal properties.
In traditional Chinese medicine, people often prepare Cinnamomum camphora as an essential oil or by infusing its leaves in hot water to make a tea, which is used to relieve coughs, colds, and other respiratory ailments.
Featured Study:
According to a study published by "Fitoterapia", Cinnamomum camphora has been found to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects, which can be beneficial for various health conditions. It has also shown potential in combating anti-diabetic and anti-obesity properties, as well as exhibiting cardiovascular protective and neuroprotective properties. Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora has been identified to have immunoregulation, insecticidal, and acaricidal properties, highlighting its potential in various pharmaceutical applications.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Cinnamomum camphora, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Cinnamomum camphora provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Fever, Diarrhea, Asthma, Cough, Rheumatism, Insect bites, Bronchitis, Nausea, Headache, Dyspepsia |
| Benefits | Reduces inflammation, Suppresses fungal growth, Kills bacterial cells, Relaxes muscle tension, Eases digestive issues, Lowers blood pressure, Improves mental clarity, Alleviates nausea symptoms, Inhibits cancer cell growth, Protects against viruses |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Anticancer, Antispasmodic, Antiviral, Antifungal, Anxiolytic, Sedative |
| Constituents | Cinnamaldehyde, Camphene, Linalool, Limonene, Phenolic acids, Eugenol, Borneol, Bornyl acetate, Tannins, Flavonoids |
| Parts | Leaves, Roots |
| Preparations | Tincture, Capsule, Salve, Oil |
| Side Effects | Induce, Exacerbate, Trigger, Worsen, Aggravate, Interact, Allergic, Hepatotoxic, Nephrotoxic, Cause |
| Precaution | Use under medical supervision, Avoid overuse and addiction, Monitor blood pressure, Use in moderation, Avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding, Interact with medications, Be aware of allergies, Watch for side effects, Do not use in children, Consult a healthcare professional |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Cinnamomum camphora. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Cinnamomum camphora?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Cinnamomum camphora?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Cinnamomum camphora?
- What are the major healing constituents of Cinnamomum camphora?
- What are the most used parts of Cinnamomum camphora in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Cinnamomum camphora?
- What are the possible side effects of Cinnamomum camphora if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Cinnamomum camphora medicinally?
- Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Cinnamomum camphora?
- Related herbs to Cinnamomum camphora?
What are the main medicinal uses of Cinnamomum camphora?
The main medicinal uses of Cinnamomum camphora are treating fever due to its camphor content, which has antipyretic properties that reduce body temperature.
Camphor and bornyl acetate in this plant also alleviate diarrhea by inhibiting gut contractions and improving gut motility. Cinnamomum camphora is used to relieve asthma symptoms, such as bronchospasm, through its bronchodilatory effects attributed to the camphene and beta-pinene constituents. Additionally, the plant's camphor content helps to treat cough by acting as an expectorant and reducing inflammation, while its linalool and beta-pinene components ease rheumatism by reducing inflammation and pain.
Furthermore, Cinnamomum camphora is effective in treating nausea, insect bites, bronchitis, and headache, and can also help alleviate the symptoms of influenza through its antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Cinnamomum camphora.
The list below provide more details on why Cinnamomum camphora is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Fever: This plant is used for fever due to its ability to reduce body temperature, as the essential oil from its leaves has been shown to exhibit antipyretic properties, which help to alleviate fever symptoms.
- Diarrhea: It is used for diarrhea because the plant's essential oil has been found to have anti-diarrheal properties, which help to reduce the frequency and severity of diarrhea.
- Asthma: This plant is used to treat asthma due to its bronchodilatory properties, which help to relax the airway muscles and make breathing easier.
- Cough: The plant's essential oil is used to treat cough due to its expectorant properties, which help to loosen and clear mucus from the lungs, making it easier to cough up.
- Rheumatism: It is used for rheumatism due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce pain, swelling, and stiffness associated with rheumatism.
- Insect Bites: The plant's essential oil is used to treat insect bites due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which help to reduce swelling, pain, and the risk of infection.
- Bronchitis: This plant is used to treat bronchitis due to its expectorant and bronchodilatory properties, which help to loosen and clear mucus from the lungs and make breathing easier.
- Nausea: It is used for nausea due to its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties, which help to reduce stomach cramps and alleviate nausea symptoms.
- Headache: The plant's essential oil is used to treat headache due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce pain and inflammation associated with headaches.
- Dyspepsia: This plant is used to treat dyspepsia due to its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties, which help to reduce stomach cramps, alleviate nausea symptoms, and promote digestion.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Cinnamomum camphora, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Nausea, Fever, Diarrhea, Insect Bites, Coughs, Tension Headaches, Bronchitis, Rheumatism, Respiratory Infections, Asthma, Influenza, Sore Throat, Gastroenteritis, Colic, Skin Irritation, Dyspepsia, Respiratory Issues, Migraine, Hiccups, Eczema |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Fever, Diarrhea, Cough, Asthma, Insect Bites, Rheumatism, Bronchitis, Nausea, Headache, Dyspepsia, Sore Throat, Indigestion, Influenza, Arthritis, Gastritis, Skin Irritation, Colic, Menstrual Cramps, Migraine, Cold |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Fever, Diarrhea, Asthma, Rheumatism, Cough, Bronchitis, Nausea, Respiratory Issues, Headache, Insect Bites, Migraine, Skin Infections, Respiratory Infections, Influenza, Chronic Cold, Inflammation, Gastroenteritis, Vomiting, Sinusitis, Malaria |
| Unani Medicine | Fever, Diarrhea, Asthma, Cough, Rheumatism, Dyspepsia, Nausea, Bronchitis, Cold, Headache, Insect Bites, Stomach Pain, Influenza, Inflammation, Migraine, Gastritis, Indigestion, Arthritis, Hiccups, Vomiting |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Cough, Fever, Asthma, Diarrhea, Headaches, Nausea, Insect Bites, Bronchitis, Rheumatism, Sore Throat, Eczema, Skin Infections, Migraine, Gastroenteritis, Influenza, Respiratory Issues, Muscle Pain, Urinary Tract Infections, Arthritis, Menstrual Cramps |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Cinnamomum camphora is used to treat a variety of health conditions, including nausea, fever, and diarrhea, which are often alleviated by its anti-inflammatory properties.
Additionally, its antiseptic and analgesic properties make it effective in treating insect bites, coughs, and tension headaches, as well as respiratory infections and asthma. Furthermore, Cinnamomum camphora has been used to alleviate bronchitis, rheumatism, and influenza, and its antispasmodic properties have been shown to relieve migraines and hiccups. Its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties also make it effective in treating sore throats, gastroenteritis, and colic, while its topical application has been used to treat skin irritation, eczema, and dyspepsia.
Moreover, Cinnamomum camphora has been used to alleviate respiratory issues, such as bronchitis and respiratory infections, and its antiseptic properties have been shown to reduce the risk of secondary infections.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Cinnamomum camphora is used to treat fever, diarrhea, cough, and asthma, often combining its antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties to alleviate symptoms.
The essential oil from the plant is commonly applied to insect bites to reduce swelling and itching, and is also used to relieve rheumatism and bronchitis. Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora is employed to treat nausea, headache, and dyspepsia, as well as sore throat and indigestion, often in combination with other herbal remedies. Its antiviral properties also make it a treatment for influenza, arthritis, gastritis, and skin irritation, while its analgesic properties help alleviate colic, menstrual cramps, and migraine.
Furthermore, Cinnamomum camphora is used to treat bronchitis and the common cold, highlighting its diverse range of applications in traditional chinese medicine.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Cinnamomum camphora is used to treat various health conditions, including fever, diarrhea, asthma, and rheumatism by reducing inflammation and relieving pain.
Camphor oil from Cinnamomum camphora is also used to alleviate cough and bronchitis symptoms by acting as an expectorant and bronchodilator. Additionally, it is employed to treat nausea and respiratory issues such as sinusitis and malaria, where its antiseptic properties help combat infections. Cinnamomum camphora is also used to treat headache, insect bites, migraine, skin infections, respiratory infections, influenza, chronic cold, and inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.
Furthermore, it is used to treat gastroenteritis, vomiting, and bronchitis, as well as other conditions such as malaria and influenza.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Cinnamomum camphora is used to treat fever by inducing sweating and relieving body heat.
Its oil is used to alleviate diarrhea by improving digestion and reducing inflammation in the gut, while also helping with asthma by loosening mucus and promoting easy breathing. Cinnamomum camphora is also used to cure cough by reducing inflammation in the respiratory tract, ease rheumatism by reducing joint pain and inflammation, and treat dyspepsia by improving digestion and reducing nausea. Furthermore, it is used to cure bronchitis by loosening mucus and promoting easy breathing, cold by reducing inflammation and promoting sweating, headache by reducing pain and inflammation, and insect bites by reducing inflammation and promoting healing.
Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora is used to treat stomach pain by improving digestion, influenza by reducing inflammation and promoting sweating, inflammation by reducing swelling and promoting healing, migraine by reducing pain and inflammation, gastritis by reducing inflammation and promoting healing, indigestion by improving digestion, arthritis by reducing joint pain and inflammation, hiccups by relaxing muscles, vomiting by reducing nausea, and is also used to relieve bronchitis and stomach pain.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Cinnamomum camphora is used to treat various health conditions.
It is commonly employed to alleviate cough, fever, and asthma symptoms, providing relief to those afflicted. Additionally, it is utilized to address diarrhea, headaches, nausea, and insect bites, making it a versatile remedy. Furthermore, its applications extend to the treatment of bronchitis, rheumatism, sore throat, eczema, skin infections, and migraines, showcasing its broad therapeutic potential.
Its benefits also encompass the management of gastroenteritis, influenza, respiratory issues, muscle pain, urinary tract infections, arthritis, and menstrual cramps.
What are the primary health benefits of Cinnamomum camphora?
Cinnamomum camphora reduces inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, thereby alleviating conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
Suppressing fungal growth is another benefit of this plant, achieved through the action of its sesquiterpenes, which exhibit antifungal properties. Cinnamomum camphora kills bacterial cells by disrupting their cell membranes, which leads to the death of the bacteria. The essential oil extracted from this plant relaxes muscle tension by reducing muscle spasms and relieving pain.
Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora eases digestive issues, lowers blood pressure, improves mental clarity, alleviates nausea symptoms, inhibits cancer cell growth, and protects against viruses, showcasing its wide range of medicinal properties that contribute to its health benefits.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Cinnamomum camphora.
The list below provides more details on why Cinnamomum camphora offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Reduces Inflammation: This plant contains compounds that have been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to reduce inflammation in the body and alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis.
- Suppresses Fungal Growth: The essential oils present in this plant have been shown to exhibit antifungal properties, which can help to suppress the growth of fungal organisms and prevent infections.
- Kills Bacterial Cells: The plant's essential oils contain compounds that have antimicrobial properties, which can help to kill bacterial cells and prevent the spread of infections.
- Relaxes Muscle Tension: The plant contains compounds that have been found to have a relaxing effect on the muscles, which can help to alleviate muscle tension and promote relaxation.
- Eases Digestive Issues: The plant's essential oils have been shown to have a calming effect on the digestive system, which can help to ease symptoms associated with digestive issues such as nausea and diarrhea.
- Lowers Blood Pressure: The plant's essential oils contain compounds that have been found to have a vasodilatory effect, which can help to lower blood pressure and alleviate symptoms associated with hypertension.
- Improves Mental Clarity: The plant's essential oils have been shown to have a stimulating effect on the mind, which can help to improve mental clarity and focus.
- Alleviates Nausea Symptoms: The plant's essential oils have been found to have a calming effect on the digestive system, which can help to alleviate symptoms associated with nausea and vomiting.
- Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth: The plant's essential oils contain compounds that have been found to have anticancer properties, which can help to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and prevent the spread of cancer.
- Protects Against Viruses: The plant's essential oils have been shown to have antiviral properties, which can help to protect against viral infections and alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as the common cold and flu.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Cinnamomum camphora for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Improves Blood Flow, Lowers Blood Pressure, Enhances Circulation, Boosts Heart Rate, Increases Oxygenation, Reduces Inflammation, Enhances Vasodilation, Improves Cardiac Function, Reduces Blood Clots, Enhances Endothelial Health |
| Digestive System | Reduces Inflammation, Soothes Digestive, Relaxes Intestinal, Regulates Bowel, Solves Diarrhea, Prevents Constipation, Cures Ulcers, Treats Ibs, Calms Nausea, Heals Gastritis |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Hormone, Reduces Insulin, Improves Pancreatic, Supports Adrenal, Enhances Thyroid, Stabilizes Blood, Boosts Metabolism, Suppresses Cortisol, Regenerates Ovarian, Normalizes Testosterone |
| Integumentary System | Heals Skin Irritations, Reduces Acne Formation, Soothes Burn Injuries, Fights Fungal Infections, Repairs Wound Tissues, Relaxes Muscle Tension, Protects Against Uv Rays, Solves Dry Skin Issues, Removes Dead Skin Cells, Cures Itchy Conditions |
| Lymphatic System | Boosts Lymph Flow, Reduces Swelling, Fights Infection, Enhances Detoxification, Supports Immune System, Improves Circulation, Relaxes Lymph Nodes, Stimulates Lymphatic Tissue, Reduces Inflammation, Promotes Relaxation |
| Musculoskeletal System | Relieves Joint Pain, Reduces Muscle Inflammation, Heals Tendon Damage, Soothes Muscle Cramps, Prevents Osteoporosis, Treats Arthritis, Improves Bone Density, Reduces Muscle Spasm, Cures Fibromyalgia, Stimulates Collagen Production |
| Nervous System | Relaxes Anxiety, Calms Nervousness, Reduces Stress, Improves Mood, Boosts Energy, Regulates Sleep, Relieves Pain, Prevents Fatigue, Stabilizes Emotions, Enhances Focus |
| Reproductive System | Boosts Ovulation, Regulates Hormones, Enhances Libido, Stimulates Fertility, Improves Egg Quality, Supports Menstrual Cycle, Increases Sperm Count, Reduces Infertility, Promotes Menstruation, Soothes Menstrual Cramps |
| Respiratory System | Relieves Congestion, Reduces Inflammation, Eases Coughing, Cools Bronchitis, Soothes Throats, Calms Allergies, Treats Asthma, Eliminates Mucus, Heals Lungs, Opens Airways |
| Urinary System | Prevents Kidney Stones, Reduces Urinary Tract Infections, Relieves Bladder Pain, Removes Urine Tract Blockages, Reduces Incontinence, Relaxes Prostate Tissues, Prevents Urine Retention, Reduces Enlarged Prostate, Relieves Cystitis Symptoms, Removes Bacteria From Urine |
Circulatory System
Cinnamomum camphora improves blood flow by releasing compounds that stimulate the dilation of blood vessels, allowing for increased oxygenation and nutrient delivery to tissues.
Lowering blood pressure is facilitated through the plant's vasodilatory properties, which relax the smooth muscle of blood vessels, reducing the force of contraction and subsequently decreasing blood pressure. Enhanced circulation is a result of Cinnamomum camphora's ability to improve cardiac function, increasing the heart's pumping efficiency and promoting the efficient distribution of blood throughout the body. The plant's anti-inflammatory properties also boost heart rate by reducing the inflammatory response in the cardiovascular system, allowing for a more efficient and effective pumping action.
Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora's antioxidant properties enhance endothelial health by neutralizing free radicals that can damage the endothelium, the inner lining of blood vessels, and reducing inflammation, thereby reducing blood clots and enhancing vasodilation.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Arteriosclerosis
- Raynaud's disease
- Poor circulation
- High blood pressure
Digestive System
Cinnamomum camphora reduces inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help alleviate digestive discomfort.
Soothing digestive issues is another benefit, attributed to its antimicrobial properties that prevent the growth of harmful bacteria. Relaxed intestinal muscles are a result of the plant's ability to relax smooth muscles, thereby reducing spasms and promoting efficient digestion, which also regulates bowel movements. The plant solves diarrhea by inhibiting the secretion of water and electrolytes into the intestine, preventing excessive fluid loss, and prevents constipation by stimulating bowel contractions and increasing the frequency of bowel movements, thereby eliminating the risk of constipation.
Cinnamomum camphora cures ulcers by inhibiting the production of stomach acid and promoting the healing of damaged tissue, treats irritable bowel syndrome by regulating bowel habits and reducing symptoms, calms nausea by blocking the reception of nausea-inducing signals in the brain, and heals gastritis by reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of damaged stomach tissue.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Indigestion
- Gastritis
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Gastroenteritis
- Food poisoning
Endocrine System
Cinnamomum camphora regulates hormone production, attributed to its flavonoid and terpenoid content, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Reducing insulin levels is another benefit of this plant, achieved through its ability to inhibit alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes, thus slowing carbohydrate digestion. Improving pancreatic function is also supported by Cinnamomum camphora, as its sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds have been shown to stimulate insulin secretion and pancreatic cell growth. Supporting adrenal function is essential for maintaining hormonal balance, and Cinnamomum camphora achieves this through its adaptogenic properties, which enhance the body's ability to cope with stress.
Furthermore, Cinnamomum camphora enhances thyroid function, stabilizes blood sugar levels, boosts metabolism, suppresses cortisol production, regenerates ovarian tissue, and normalizes testosterone levels, all of which are attributed to its complex mixture of bioactive compounds.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hypothyroidism
- Adrenal fatigue
- Hypoglycemia
- Menopause
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Insulin resistance
- Hyperthyroidism
- Endometriosis
- Infertility
Integumentary System
Cinnamomum camphora heals skin irritations through its antimicrobial properties, preventing the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi that cause infections.
The plant reduces acne formation due to its antiseptic and antifungal properties, which inhibit the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes, a primary cause of acne. Cinnamomum camphora soothes burn injuries by releasing its analgesic and anti-inflammatory compounds, which alleviate pain and reduce swelling, thereby promoting faster healing. Fights fungal infections are attributed to the plant's antifungal properties, which inhibit the growth of fungi such as Candida, a common cause of fungal infections.
Cinnamomum camphora repairs wound tissues by releasing growth factors that stimulate cell proliferation and collagen synthesis, while relaxing muscle tension through its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
- Acne
- Warts
- Herpes
- Ringworm
Lymphatic System
Cinnamomum camphora boosts lymph flow due to its vasodilatory properties, which improve circulation and increase lymphatic drainage.
This plant reduces swelling in the lymphatic system through its anti-inflammatory properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cinnamomum camphora fights infection with its antimicrobial and antifungal properties, preventing the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The essential oils present in Cinnamomum camphora also enhance detoxification by stimulating the lymphatic system to eliminate toxins more efficiently, supporting its role in the immune system.
Cinnamomum camphora improves circulation, relaxes lymph nodes, stimulates lymphatic tissue, reduces inflammation, and promotes relaxation through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, creating a holistic environment for optimal lymphatic function.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphadenitis
- Lymphangitis
- Lymphedema
- Lymphoma
- Lymphocytosis
- Lymphopenia
- Lymphatic fistula
- Chyluria
Musculoskeletal System
Cinnamomum camphora relieves joint pain due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which reduce swelling and discomfort in the affected area.
This plant reduces muscle inflammation by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, a key factor in the development of muscle inflammation. Cinnamomum camphora heals tendon damage by promoting the production of collagen, a crucial protein for tendon repair and regeneration. Additionally, it soothes muscle cramps and spasms by blocking the release of neurotransmitters that stimulate muscle contractions, while preventing osteoporosis through its ability to stimulate the activity of osteoblasts, cells responsible for bone formation.
Cinnamomum camphora treats arthritis by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, such as COX-2, and improves bone density by regulating the activity of osteoclasts, cells that break down bone tissue, and also reduces muscle spasm and cures fibromyalgia by regulating muscle tone and reducing pain perception.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Arthritis
- Back pain
- Fibromyalgia
- Sciatica
- Tendinitis
- Muscle spasms
- Neuralgia
- Rheumatism
Nervous System
Cinnamomum camphora relaxes anxiety through its sedative properties, which are attributed to the presence of borneol and camphene, compounds that have a calming effect on the nervous system.
This plant calms nervousness due to its antispasmodic properties, which help to reduce muscle tension and promote relaxation. The stress-reducing properties of Cinnamomum camphora are largely attributed to its adaptogenic properties, which allow the body to adapt to stressful situations and maintain homeostasis. The mood-enhancing effects of Cinnamomum camphora are thought to be a result of its antioxidant properties, which help to reduce oxidative stress and promote the release of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine.
By regulating sleep, relieving pain, preventing fatigue, stabilizing emotions, and enhancing focus, Cinnamomum camphora also boosts energy, allowing the body to function optimally and maintain a state of balance and well-being.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Depression
- Stress
- Fatigue
- Restlessness
Reproductive System
Cinnamomum camphora boosts ovulation due to its antioxidant properties that help maintain the delicate balance of hormones necessary for ovulation, and its anti-inflammatory properties reduce inflammation in the ovaries, leading to improved ovulation rates.
The plant's antimicrobial properties regulate hormones by eliminating pathogens that disrupt hormone production, thus promoting a healthy hormonal balance. Cinnamomum camphora enhances libido by stimulating the production of neurotransmitters associated with arousal, such as dopamine and serotonin, and its anti-stress properties help alleviate stress-related sexual dysfunction. Stimulating fertility is another benefit of Cinnamomum camphora, as its antioxidant properties protect sperm from oxidative damage, thereby improving sperm motility and count, and its anti-inflammatory properties reduce inflammation in the reproductive tract.
Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora improves egg quality by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the ovaries, increases sperm count by stimulating the production of testosterone, reduces infertility by promoting a healthy balance of hormones, promotes menstruation by regulating the menstrual cycle, and soothes menstrual cramps by reducing prostaglandin production.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Mastitis
- Endometriosis
- Leukorrhea
- Dysmenorrhea
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
Respiratory System
Cinnamomum camphora relieves congestion through its expectorant properties, facilitating the removal of excess mucus from the respiratory tract.
Its anti-inflammatory properties reduce inflammation in the airways, making it an effective treatment for conditions like bronchitis. The camphor present in Cinnamomum camphora eases coughing by suppressing the cough reflex and reducing the production of phlegm. Cinnamomum camphora cools bronchitis by inducing sweating, which helps to clear the lungs of excess mucus and reduce inflammation.
Additionally, it soothes throats, calms allergies, treats asthma, eliminates mucus, heals lungs, and opens airways due to its antimicrobial, antispasmodic, and bronchodilatory properties.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Bronchitis
- Cough
- Sinusitis
- Tonsillitis
- Pneumonia
- Common cold
Urinary System
Cinnamomum camphora prevents kidney stones by inhibiting the formation of oxalate crystals, a major component of kidney stones, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
It reduces urinary tract infections by exhibiting antimicrobial activity against common bacterial pathogens, such as E. coli, that cause UTIs. Cinnamomum camphora relieves bladder pain by relaxing the smooth muscle in the bladder and reducing inflammation, thereby alleviating discomfort. The plant removes urine tract blockages by dissolving kidney stones and reducing inflammation in the urinary tract, restoring normal urine flow.
Cinnamomum camphora reduces incontinence by relaxing the bladder and urethral sphincter muscles, improving urinary control, and also relieves cystitis symptoms by reducing inflammation and combating bacterial infections in the urinary tract.
The medicinal benefits of Cinnamomum camphora on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Urinary tract infections
- Kidney stones
- Kidney inflammation
- Prostatitis
- Cystitis
- Urinary incontinence
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Cinnamomum camphora?
The therapeutic properties of Cinnamomum camphora are multifaceted, exhibiting antimicrobial activity, inhibiting the growth of various microorganisms.
The plant's antioxidant properties are attributed to its rich content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative stress. Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora displays anti-inflammatory properties, reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis, through the action of sesquiterpenes and other bioactive compounds. The analgesic properties of the plant are mediated by its ability to inhibit the production of pain-causing chemicals, while its anticancer properties are attributed to the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation.
Furthermore, Cinnamomum camphora exhibits antispasmodic, antiviral, antifungal, anxiolytic, and sedative effects, as well as analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, which contribute to its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Cinnamomum camphora.
The list below provides more details on why Cinnamomum camphora has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Cinnamomum camphora has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of various bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, through its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol.
- Antioxidant: Cinnamomum camphora contains antioxidants such as camphor and borneol, which have been found to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thus exhibiting antioxidant properties that can protect against cell damage and inflammation.
- Anti-Inflammatory: Cinnamomum camphora has been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol exhibiting the ability to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with inflammatory conditions.
- Analgesic: Cinnamomum camphora has been traditionally used as an analgesic, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol exhibiting pain-relieving properties, particularly in the treatment of muscle and joint pain.
- Anticancer: Cinnamomum camphora has been studied for its potential anticancer properties, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol exhibiting the ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines.
- Antispasmodic: Cinnamomum camphora has been found to exhibit antispasmodic properties, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol relaxing smooth muscle and alleviating symptoms associated with spasms and cramps.
- Antiviral: Cinnamomum camphora has been studied for its potential antiviral properties, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol exhibiting the ability to inhibit the replication of various viruses, including influenza virus and herpes simplex virus.
- Antifungal: Cinnamomum camphora has been found to exhibit antifungal properties, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol inhibiting the growth of various fungi, including Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger.
- Anxiolytic: Cinnamomum camphora has been traditionally used as an anxiolytic, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol exhibiting the ability to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.
- Sedative: Cinnamomum camphora has been found to exhibit sedative properties, with its essential oils and compounds such as camphor and borneol promoting relaxation and inducing sleep.
What are the major healing constituents of Cinnamomum camphora?
The healing constituents of Cinnamomum camphora are cinnamaldehyde, camphene, linalool, limonene and phenolic acids which have been found to possess various bioactive properties.
Cinnamaldehyde exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes. Camphene has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, while linalool has been found to have anxiolytic and sedative effects due to its ability to bind to GABA receptors.
Limonene has been reported to exhibit anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells and reducing inflammation through the modulation of nuclear factor kappa B. Phenolic acids, including ferulic acid and sinapic acid, have been found to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Cinnamomum camphora.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Cinnamomum camphora and why they are important for health.
- Cinnamaldehyde: Cinnamaldehyde is a constituent of Cinnamomum camphora with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, and a distinct aroma.
- Camphene: A terpene constituent of Cinnamomum camphora, known for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and spasmolytic properties.
- Linalool: Linalool is a monoterpene alcohol with sedative, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Limonene: A monoterpene with antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids in Cinnamomum camphora have been identified to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Eugenol: Eugenol is a phenolic compound that possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties.
- Borneol: Borneol is a terpene with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties.
- Bornyl acetate: Bornyl acetate is a monoterpene ketone found in Cinnamomum camphora, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties.
- Tannins: A type of polyphenolic compound with astringent, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
- Flavonoids: Cinnamomum camphora flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Cinnamomum camphora and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Cinnamaldehyde | HIGH | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiseptic, Antifungal, Anticancer, Antispasmodic, Bronchodilator, Cardioprotective, Immunomodulatory |
| Camphene | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Bronchodilator, Expectorant, Anticough |
| Linalool | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antispasmodic, Analgesic, Anxiolytic, Antipruritic, Sedative, Antiseptic, Antiviral |
| Limonene | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antitumor, Antihistamine |
| Phenolic acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Anticancer, Antiviral, Antifungal, Antibacterial, Cytoprotective |
| Eugenol | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiseptic, Anti-cancer, Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungal, Pain relief, Local anesthetic |
| Borneol | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antispasmodic, Diaphoretic, Expectorant |
| Bornyl acetate | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic |
| Tannins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Hemostatic |
| Flavonoids | LOW | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Analgesic, Antiviral, Antioxidative, Anti-allergic |
What are the most used parts of Cinnamomum camphora in medicine?
The most used parts of Cinnamomum camphora for medicinal purposes are leaves and roots.
The leaves of Cinnamomum camphora contain a high amount of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol, which are primarily responsible for their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The roots of Cinnamomum camphora contain sesquiterpenes, including camphor, borneol, and bornyl acetate, which exhibit analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and sedative properties. The leaves are often used to treat respiratory issues such as bronchitis and coughs, while the roots are used to treat fever and rheumatic pain.
The bioactive compounds in both parts contribute to their traditional use in herbal medicine for their diverse medicinal properties.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Cinnamomum camphora in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Cinnamomum camphora in medicine and why.
- Leaves: The leaves of this plant are rich in camphor, borneol, and linalool, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiseptic properties, providing relief from fever, cough, and respiratory issues, as well as aiding in wound healing and pain management.
- Roots: The roots of this plant contain cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and limonene, which demonstrate antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities, thereby offering protection against infections, digestive issues, and various systemic diseases.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Cinnamomum camphora mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Leaves | Volatile oils, Phenolic compounds, Lignans, Sesquiterpenes, Monoterpenes, Flavonoids, Coumarins, Phenolic acids |
| Roots | Sesquiterpenes, Cinnamaldehyde, Lignans, Phenolic acids, Sesquiterpene alcohols, Sesquiterpene lactones |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Cinnamomum camphora?
The most common herbal preparation of Cinnamomum camphora for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which are liquid extracts used to treat fever, rheumatism, and digestive issues.
Capsules, made from powdered Cinnamomum camphora bark, are also used to alleviate colds, coughs, and sore throats. A salve, applied topically, is used to relieve pain and inflammation associated with arthritis, sprains, and skin irritations. Cinnamomum camphora oil, used in aromatherapy, has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, making it effective in treating wounds, infections, and respiratory issues.
The essential oil is also used as a natural insect repellent and to promote relaxation.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Cinnamomum camphora.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Cinnamomum camphora and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat respiratory issues such as bronchitis, coughs, and colds, as well as for its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant properties.
- Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used to treat respiratory issues such as bronchitis, asthma and coughs, as well as for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat muscle and joint pain, reduce inflammation, and aid in wound healing and skin irritations such as eczema and acne.
- Oil: Oil made from this plant is used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and treat respiratory, digestive, and skin conditions such as bronchitis, nausea, and eczema.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Cinnamomum camphora for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Roots, Leaves |
| Capsule | Leaves, Roots |
| Salve | Roots, Leaves |
| Oil | Leaves, Roots |
Tincture
Cinnamomum camphora tincture is commonly used to treat various health issues including cough, fever, inflammation, pain, muscle spasms, respiratory problems, skin conditions, digestive issues and immune system problems.
This preparation is widely used in many cultures. Its effects include reducing inflammation and pain, and improving respiratory function. Cinnamomum camphora tincture is typically made with roots and leaves of the Cinnamomum camphora tree.
The process of making this tincture is moderately complex, involving a combination of steeping and solvent extraction.
Below you find an image of Cinnamomum camphora tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Cinnamomum camphora tincture.
- Harvest and clean Cinnamomum camphora roots and leaves, then dry them thoroughly to prevent spoilage.
- Combine the dried roots and leaves in a large glass jar, making sure to fill it to the top.
- Cover the jar with a lid and allow it to sit in a cool, dark place for at least 2-3 weeks, shaking it daily to facilitate extraction.
- After the steeping period, strain the liquid from the jar through cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another container, discarding the solids.
- Store the Cinnamomum camphora herbal tincture in a dark glass bottle, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Capsule
Cinnamomum camphora capsule is a widely used herbal preparation for treating various health conditions.
It is commonly used to treat influenza, asthma, arthritis, gastritis, diabetes, tuberculosis, eczema and migraine. This preparation is extremely common, used in many countries around the world, and is often the first line of treatment for these conditions.
Cinnamomum camphora capsule has a well-documented effect of reducing inflammation and relieving pain. The preparation is made from the leaves and roots of the Cinnamomum camphora plant, which are harvested and then processed into a capsule form.
The process of making Cinnamomum camphora capsule is moderately difficult, requiring specialized equipment and expertise to ensure the quality and potency of the final product.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Cinnamomum camphora capsule.
- Dry the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora under shade for preservation.
- Dry the roots of Cinnamomum camphora separately under shade for preservation.
- Grind the dried leaves and roots into fine powder using a grinder or mortar and pestle.
- Mix the ground leaves and roots powder in a specific ratio based on their potency.
- Fill the mixed powder into empty gelatin capsules to create the Cinnamomum camphora herbal capsule.
Salve
Cinnamomum camphora salve is a topical preparation used to treat various conditions, including muscle pain, wounds, skin infections, bruises, insect bites, boils, eczema, acne, fungal infections, and cold sores.
It's a widely used remedy, particularly in traditional medicine, due to its effectiveness in addressing these issues. The common effect of this salve is its ability to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Cinnamomum camphora salve is typically made from the roots and leaves of the Cinnamomum camphora tree, which are rich in camphor, an active compound responsible for its therapeutic properties.
While its preparation requires some effort, it's considered moderately difficult to make, requiring a combination of herbs, carrier oils, and other ingredients, but the end result is a valuable and natural remedy for various skin issues.
Below you find an image of Cinnamomum camphora salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Cinnamomum camphora salve.
- Gather and clean Cinnamomum camphora roots and leaves.
- Dry the gathered roots and leaves in a warm, dark place until completely dry.
- Grind the dried roots and leaves into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle or a spice grinder.
- Mix the ground powder with a carrier oil, such as coconut oil, in a saucepan over low heat, stirring occasionally.
- Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean container, discarding the solids, and let it cool to form the salve.
Oil
Cinnamomum camphora oil is a herbal preparation used to treat asthma, muscle pain, rheumatism, headache, tension, nausea and insomnia.
It's widely used due to its efficacy and availability. Its common effect is analgesic and anti-inflammatory. This oil is made from the leaves and roots of the Cinnamomum camphora plant.
The preparation process involves extraction of the essential oil from the plant parts, which requires moderate expertise and equipment.
Below you find an image of Cinnamomum camphora oil.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Cinnamomum camphora oil.
- Gather fresh Cinnamomum camphora leaves and roots from a trusted source.
- Clean and dry the collected leaves and roots to remove any impurities.
- Steam distill the leaves and roots to extract their essential oils.
- Separate the herbal oil from the distilled water and store it in a clean container.
- Filter the herbal oil through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter to remove any remaining impurities.
What are the possible side effects of Cinnamomum camphora if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Cinnamomum camphora are inducing seizures in individuals with a history of epilepsy due to the high concentration of camphor in the plant.
This can exacerbate the progression of the disease in individuals already suffering from neurological disorders. Improper use of Cinnamomum camphora can also trigger respiratory distress, particularly in people with pre-existing respiratory conditions such as asthma. Furthermore, it can worsen gastrointestinal issues, including nausea and vomiting, in individuals with sensitive stomachs.
Additionally, Cinnamomum camphora can interact with medications such as blood thinners and worsen conditions like heart disease and hypertension, while also causing allergic reactions in some individuals.
The most common side effects Cinnamomum camphora gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Induce: Cinnamomum camphora oil causes seizures when ingested in large amounts.
- Exacerbate: Cinnamomum camphora can cause respiratory exacerbation in individuals with asthma.
- Trigger: Hypersensitivity to the plant's essential oils.
- Worsen: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil inhalation worsens asthma in some individuals
- Aggravate: This plant can exacerbate bronchial asthma symptoms due to its volatile compounds.
- Interact: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil interacts with various medications, including antacids, and reduces their effectiveness.
- Allergic: Some people exhibit an immune system reaction to Cinnamomum camphora.
- Hepatotoxic: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil contains sesquiterpenes that cause liver damage through oxidative stress and necrosis of hepatocytes.
- Nephrotoxic: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil causes kidney damage and dysfunction.
- Cause: Ingestion of Cinnamomum camphora can cause liver toxicity.
What are the precautions to take before using Cinnamomum camphora medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Cinnamomum camphora medicinally are to use it under medical supervision, especially when treating serious health conditions.
Avoid overuse and addiction as prolonged use can lead to physical dependence. Monitoring blood pressure is essential, as Cinnamomum camphora can lower blood pressure in some individuals. Use it in moderation and avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to potential adverse effects on the fetus or infant.
Consulting a healthcare professional is crucial, as Cinnamomum camphora can interact with medications, cause allergies, and produce side effects, especially in children, where its use is not recommended.
The most important precautions you must take before using Cinnamomum camphora for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Use Under Medical Supervision: Administered Cinnamomum camphora oil should be monitored and supervised by a medical professional due to potential risks and interactions.
- Avoid Overuse And Addiction: Excessive consumption of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil can lead to physical dependence and addiction symptoms.
- Monitor Blood Pressure: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil may lower blood pressure in individuals with hypertension due to its linalool content.
- Use In Moderation: High doses of Cinnamomum camphora oil can cause liver damage and other adverse effects.
- Avoid In Pregnancy And Breastfeeding: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil may cause uterine contractions and stimulate fetal heartbeat.
- Interact With Medications: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil may cause hypertension and interact with blood thinners, diabetes medications, and other medications.
- Be Aware Of Allergies: Cinnamomum camphora essential oil is a potent allergen causing contact dermatitis in some individuals.
- Watch For Side Effects: Harmful effects include seizures, liver damage and cardiac arrhythmias, particularly in children and when taken with certain medications.
- Do Not Use In Children: Cinnamomum camphora oil can cause serious adverse effects in infants and children due to potential liver damage and respiratory depression.
- Consult A Healthcare Professional: Not recommended without professional guidance due to potential interactions with medications or exacerbation of underlying health conditions.
Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Cinnamomum camphora?
Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Cinnamomum camphora. The following is an interesting one.
According to a study published by "Chemistry & biodiversity", the essential oil extracted from Cinnamomum camphora has been found to be rich in oxygenated monoterpenes, particularly 1,8-cineole, which contributes to its beneficial properties. Cinnamomum camphora has shown significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, with an inhibition potential of 53.61% at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, indicating its potential in treating cognitive disorders. Additionally, the essential oil's unique chemical composition, including sabinene and α-terpineol, makes it a valuable resource for the development of fragrances and flavorings.
